NURSl 5315/l NURS5315l Examl 4l (NEWl
2026l Update)l Advancedl Pathophysiologyl
Reviewl |l Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel
A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
UTA
QUESTION
Al 23-year-oldl reportsl bilaterall painl withl al sensationl ofl al tightl bandl aroundl thel head.l
Whichl typel ofl headachel fitsl thisl description?
a.l Migrainel withl aura
b.l Migrainel withoutl aura
c.l Tensionl headache
d.l Clusterl headache
Answer:
c.l Tensionl headache
Tensionl headachel isl thel mostl commonl typel ofl headache,l oftenl feelsl likel al bandl isl
constrictingl thel head,l andl isl bilateral.l Migrainesl tendl tol throbl andl arel oftenl unilateral.l
Al migrainel isl classifiedl asl withl andl withoutl aural andl isl precipitatedl byl al triggeringl
event.l Clusterl headachesl arel morel commonl inl menl andl occurl inl episodesl severall timesl
duringl al dayl forl al periodl ofl daysl atl differentl timesl ofl thel year.l Thel painl ofl al clusterl
headachel isl unilateral,l intense,l tearing,l andl burning.l
QUESTION
Whichl primaryl brainl tumorl occursl mostl commonly?
a.l Astrocytoma
b.l Ependymoma
c.l Oligodendroglioma
d.l Meningioma
Answer:
a.l Astrocytoma
,Astrocytomasl arel thel mostl commonl brainl tumorsl andl accountl forl 50%l ofl brainl andl
spinall tumors.l Ependymomasl arel gliomasl thatl arisel froml ependymall cellsl andl accountl
forl 6%l ofl primaryl brainl tumorsl inl adults.l Oligodendrogliomasl arel lessl commonlyl
occurringl gliomasl andl accountl forl 2%l ofl primaryl brainl tumors.l Meningiomasl accountl
forl approximatelyl 3%l tol 4%l ofl alll intracraniall tumors.l
QUESTION
Whichl statementl isl truel regardingl migraine?l (Selectl alll thatl apply.l )
a.l Anl electroencephalograml (EEG)l canl bel usedl tol confirml al diagnosisl ofl migrainel
headache.l
b.l Migrainesl occurl mostl frequentlyl beforel andl duringl menses.l
c.l Migrainel isl notl linkedl withl anyl otherl disorder.l
d.l Drugl therapyl alwaysl includesl thel administrationl ofl narcotics.l
Answer:
a.l Anl electroencephalograml (EEG)l canl bel usedl tol confirml al diagnosisl ofl migrainel
headache.l
b.l Migrainesl occurl mostl frequentlyl beforel andl duringl menses.l
Thel diagnosisl ofl migrainel isl madel froml medicall historyl andl al physicall examination.l
Anl EEGl helpsl confirml diagnosis.l Whenl thel headachel isl notl attributablel tol anyl otherl
conditionl andl anyl twol ofl thel followingl occur—unilaterall headl pain,l pulsatingl pain,l painl
worseningl withl activity,l andl moderatel orl severel painl intensity—andl atl leastl onel ofl thel
followingl occur—nauseal orl vomitingl orl both,l photophobia,l andl phonophobia—thel
diagnosisl ofl migrainel isl made.l Manyl individualsl withl migrainesl havel comorbidl
depression.l Drugl therapyl includesl antiemeticl agents,l nonsteriodall antiinflammatoryl drugsl
(NSAIDs),l ergotaminel andl dihydroergotamine,l andl serotoninl receptorl agonistsl (e.l g.l ,l
sumatriptan).l Narcoticsl mayl bel used,l butl theyl arel notl routine.l
QUESTION
Whichl bestl describesl schizophrenia?
a.l Positivel personality
b.l Negativel personality
c.l Disruptionl ofl thoughts
d.l Constantl hallucinations
,Answer:
c.l Disruptionl ofl thoughts
Schizophrenial isl al collectionl ofl illnessesl characterizedl byl thoughtl disordersl thatl reflectl
al breakl inl realityl orl al splittingl ofl thel cognitivel froml thel emotionall sidel ofl al person'sl
personality.l Itl isl characterizedl byl positivel andl negativel symptoms.l Hallucinations,l
delusions,l andl cognitivel defectsl arel componentsl ofl schizophrenia.l
QUESTION
Al womanl withl al historyl ofl schizophrenial asksl thel nurse,l "Nowl thatl I'ml pregnant,l howl
willl myl mentall illnessl affectl myl baby?"l Whichl responsel froml thel nursel isl truel
regardingl thel woman'sl child?
a.l Schizophrenial mayl resultl froml neurodevelopmentall defects.l
b.l Researchl doesl notl indicatel anyl environmentall involvementl inl schizophrenia.l
c.l Anl earlyl brainl defectl immediatelyl revealsl itself.l
d.l Nol alterationsl arel suspectedl inl thel brainl structure.l
Answer:
a.l Schizophrenial mayl resultl froml neurodevelopmentall defects.l
Alterationsl arel suspectedl inl thel brainl structurel thatl mayl bel thel resultl ofl
neurodevelopmentall defects.l Researchersl believel thatl environmentall factorsl mayl alterl
brainl development;l thesel factorsl includel prenatall infection,l prenatall nutritionall
deficiencies,l perinatall complications,l hypoxia,l andl upbringingl inl anl urbanl environment.l
Researchersl alsol hypothesizel thatl anl earlyl brainl defectl mayl remainl silentl untill thatl partl
ofl thel brainl isl used.l
QUESTION
Whenl anl individuall reportsl that,l "Voicesl arel tellingl mel tol steall moneyl froml thel
church,"l thel nursel determinesl thatl thel personl isl experiencing
a.l delusions.l
b.l disorganizedl speech.l
c.l disorganizedl behavior.l
d.l hallucinations.l
Answer:
d.l hallucinations.l
, Al hallucinationl isl al perceptionl experiencedl withoutl externall stimulationl ofl thel sensel
organs.l Sensoryl hallucinationsl mayl involvel auditory,l tactile,l visual,l gustatory,l andl
olfactoryl features.l Al delusionl isl al persistentl beliefl contraryl tol thel educationall andl
culturall backgroundl ofl thel individual.l Disorganizedl speechl andl behaviorl (bizarrel
behavior)l arel alsol positivel symptomsl ofl schizophrenia.l Incongruityl ofl affectl isl anotherl
dimensionl ofl disorganizedl behavior.l
QUESTION
Whichl statementl isl truel regardingl al moodl disorder?
a.l Moodl disorderl isl al sustainedl emotionall state.l
b.l Itl isl al disruptionl ofl thought.l
c.l Lifetimel prevalencel ratel forl depressionl isl 1%.l
d.l Ofl thosel withl depression,l 95%l respondl tol medication.l
Answer:
a.l Moodl disorderl isl al sustainedl emotionall state.l
Al moodl disorderl isl al sustainedl emotionall state.l Thel conditionl isl unipolarl orl al majorl
depressivel disorder,l orl itl isl bipolarl (manic-depressive)l illness.l Al disruptionl ofl thoughtl isl
consistentl withl schizophrenia,l notl al moodl disorder.l Lifetimel prevalencel forl depressionl
isl 16.l 2%l forl thel generall population.l Thel prevalencel ofl thel bipolarl disorderl rangesl
froml 3%l tol 5%l inl thel generall population.l Approximatelyl 80%l ofl depressedl personsl
willl respondl tol antidepressantl drugsl suchl asl monoaminel oxidasel inhibitorsl (MAOIs),l
tricyclicl antidepressantsl (TCAs),l andl selectivel serotoninl reuptakel inhibitorsl (SSRIs).l
QUESTION
Whichl terml describesl thel inabilityl tol experiencel emotions,l especiallyl pleasure?
a.l Alogia
b.l Avolition
c.l Anhedonia
d.l Aphasia
Answer:
c.l Anhedonia
2026l Update)l Advancedl Pathophysiologyl
Reviewl |l Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel
A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
UTA
QUESTION
Al 23-year-oldl reportsl bilaterall painl withl al sensationl ofl al tightl bandl aroundl thel head.l
Whichl typel ofl headachel fitsl thisl description?
a.l Migrainel withl aura
b.l Migrainel withoutl aura
c.l Tensionl headache
d.l Clusterl headache
Answer:
c.l Tensionl headache
Tensionl headachel isl thel mostl commonl typel ofl headache,l oftenl feelsl likel al bandl isl
constrictingl thel head,l andl isl bilateral.l Migrainesl tendl tol throbl andl arel oftenl unilateral.l
Al migrainel isl classifiedl asl withl andl withoutl aural andl isl precipitatedl byl al triggeringl
event.l Clusterl headachesl arel morel commonl inl menl andl occurl inl episodesl severall timesl
duringl al dayl forl al periodl ofl daysl atl differentl timesl ofl thel year.l Thel painl ofl al clusterl
headachel isl unilateral,l intense,l tearing,l andl burning.l
QUESTION
Whichl primaryl brainl tumorl occursl mostl commonly?
a.l Astrocytoma
b.l Ependymoma
c.l Oligodendroglioma
d.l Meningioma
Answer:
a.l Astrocytoma
,Astrocytomasl arel thel mostl commonl brainl tumorsl andl accountl forl 50%l ofl brainl andl
spinall tumors.l Ependymomasl arel gliomasl thatl arisel froml ependymall cellsl andl accountl
forl 6%l ofl primaryl brainl tumorsl inl adults.l Oligodendrogliomasl arel lessl commonlyl
occurringl gliomasl andl accountl forl 2%l ofl primaryl brainl tumors.l Meningiomasl accountl
forl approximatelyl 3%l tol 4%l ofl alll intracraniall tumors.l
QUESTION
Whichl statementl isl truel regardingl migraine?l (Selectl alll thatl apply.l )
a.l Anl electroencephalograml (EEG)l canl bel usedl tol confirml al diagnosisl ofl migrainel
headache.l
b.l Migrainesl occurl mostl frequentlyl beforel andl duringl menses.l
c.l Migrainel isl notl linkedl withl anyl otherl disorder.l
d.l Drugl therapyl alwaysl includesl thel administrationl ofl narcotics.l
Answer:
a.l Anl electroencephalograml (EEG)l canl bel usedl tol confirml al diagnosisl ofl migrainel
headache.l
b.l Migrainesl occurl mostl frequentlyl beforel andl duringl menses.l
Thel diagnosisl ofl migrainel isl madel froml medicall historyl andl al physicall examination.l
Anl EEGl helpsl confirml diagnosis.l Whenl thel headachel isl notl attributablel tol anyl otherl
conditionl andl anyl twol ofl thel followingl occur—unilaterall headl pain,l pulsatingl pain,l painl
worseningl withl activity,l andl moderatel orl severel painl intensity—andl atl leastl onel ofl thel
followingl occur—nauseal orl vomitingl orl both,l photophobia,l andl phonophobia—thel
diagnosisl ofl migrainel isl made.l Manyl individualsl withl migrainesl havel comorbidl
depression.l Drugl therapyl includesl antiemeticl agents,l nonsteriodall antiinflammatoryl drugsl
(NSAIDs),l ergotaminel andl dihydroergotamine,l andl serotoninl receptorl agonistsl (e.l g.l ,l
sumatriptan).l Narcoticsl mayl bel used,l butl theyl arel notl routine.l
QUESTION
Whichl bestl describesl schizophrenia?
a.l Positivel personality
b.l Negativel personality
c.l Disruptionl ofl thoughts
d.l Constantl hallucinations
,Answer:
c.l Disruptionl ofl thoughts
Schizophrenial isl al collectionl ofl illnessesl characterizedl byl thoughtl disordersl thatl reflectl
al breakl inl realityl orl al splittingl ofl thel cognitivel froml thel emotionall sidel ofl al person'sl
personality.l Itl isl characterizedl byl positivel andl negativel symptoms.l Hallucinations,l
delusions,l andl cognitivel defectsl arel componentsl ofl schizophrenia.l
QUESTION
Al womanl withl al historyl ofl schizophrenial asksl thel nurse,l "Nowl thatl I'ml pregnant,l howl
willl myl mentall illnessl affectl myl baby?"l Whichl responsel froml thel nursel isl truel
regardingl thel woman'sl child?
a.l Schizophrenial mayl resultl froml neurodevelopmentall defects.l
b.l Researchl doesl notl indicatel anyl environmentall involvementl inl schizophrenia.l
c.l Anl earlyl brainl defectl immediatelyl revealsl itself.l
d.l Nol alterationsl arel suspectedl inl thel brainl structure.l
Answer:
a.l Schizophrenial mayl resultl froml neurodevelopmentall defects.l
Alterationsl arel suspectedl inl thel brainl structurel thatl mayl bel thel resultl ofl
neurodevelopmentall defects.l Researchersl believel thatl environmentall factorsl mayl alterl
brainl development;l thesel factorsl includel prenatall infection,l prenatall nutritionall
deficiencies,l perinatall complications,l hypoxia,l andl upbringingl inl anl urbanl environment.l
Researchersl alsol hypothesizel thatl anl earlyl brainl defectl mayl remainl silentl untill thatl partl
ofl thel brainl isl used.l
QUESTION
Whenl anl individuall reportsl that,l "Voicesl arel tellingl mel tol steall moneyl froml thel
church,"l thel nursel determinesl thatl thel personl isl experiencing
a.l delusions.l
b.l disorganizedl speech.l
c.l disorganizedl behavior.l
d.l hallucinations.l
Answer:
d.l hallucinations.l
, Al hallucinationl isl al perceptionl experiencedl withoutl externall stimulationl ofl thel sensel
organs.l Sensoryl hallucinationsl mayl involvel auditory,l tactile,l visual,l gustatory,l andl
olfactoryl features.l Al delusionl isl al persistentl beliefl contraryl tol thel educationall andl
culturall backgroundl ofl thel individual.l Disorganizedl speechl andl behaviorl (bizarrel
behavior)l arel alsol positivel symptomsl ofl schizophrenia.l Incongruityl ofl affectl isl anotherl
dimensionl ofl disorganizedl behavior.l
QUESTION
Whichl statementl isl truel regardingl al moodl disorder?
a.l Moodl disorderl isl al sustainedl emotionall state.l
b.l Itl isl al disruptionl ofl thought.l
c.l Lifetimel prevalencel ratel forl depressionl isl 1%.l
d.l Ofl thosel withl depression,l 95%l respondl tol medication.l
Answer:
a.l Moodl disorderl isl al sustainedl emotionall state.l
Al moodl disorderl isl al sustainedl emotionall state.l Thel conditionl isl unipolarl orl al majorl
depressivel disorder,l orl itl isl bipolarl (manic-depressive)l illness.l Al disruptionl ofl thoughtl isl
consistentl withl schizophrenia,l notl al moodl disorder.l Lifetimel prevalencel forl depressionl
isl 16.l 2%l forl thel generall population.l Thel prevalencel ofl thel bipolarl disorderl rangesl
froml 3%l tol 5%l inl thel generall population.l Approximatelyl 80%l ofl depressedl personsl
willl respondl tol antidepressantl drugsl suchl asl monoaminel oxidasel inhibitorsl (MAOIs),l
tricyclicl antidepressantsl (TCAs),l andl selectivel serotoninl reuptakel inhibitorsl (SSRIs).l
QUESTION
Whichl terml describesl thel inabilityl tol experiencel emotions,l especiallyl pleasure?
a.l Alogia
b.l Avolition
c.l Anhedonia
d.l Aphasia
Answer:
c.l Anhedonia
