PEDIATRICS NURSING EXAM 4 EXAM SCRIPT
2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Newborn displays a decreased inflammatory response to invading
organisms contributing to:
Answer: an increased risk for infection
◉ cellular immunity is:
Answer: generally functional at birth
◉ Humoral immunity occurs:
Answer: when the body encounters and then develops immunity to
new diseases
◉ The infants risk of infection is higher due to:
Answer: the infant having limited exposure to disease and is losing
passive immunity acquired from maternal antibodies
◉ In pediatrics disease protection from immunization id often:
Answer: incomplete
,◉ Granulocytes
Answer: first line of defense, phagocytic cells (AKA
polymorphonuclear leukocytes)
◉ Neutrophils
Answer: first responders to infectious agents - immature are bands,
mature are segments
◉ Eosinophils
Answer: Primary response to infection. also big player in asthma
◉ Basophils
Answer: allergic response
◉ Lymphocytes
Answer: produce and maintain immune response; B cell, T cell, and
natural killer types
◉ Monocytes
Answer: second line of defense - responds to larger and more severe
infections
◉ Types of infectious diseases
,Answer: Bacterial infections, viral infection (rabies, viral
exanthems), Zoonotic infections (rabies), vector-borne infections
(Lyme disease), Parasitic and helminthic infections (head lice
[pediculosis capitis], roundworm), sexually transmitted diseases
◉ Stages of infectious disease
Answer: incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
◉ Incubation
Answer: time from the entrance of pathogen to first symptom,
pathogen is actively multiplying
◉ prodrome
Answer: time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue,
malaise) to more specific symptoms of the disease
◉ Illness
Answer: signs and symptoms of disease are clearly evident
◉ Convalescence
Answer: acute symptoms begin to disappear
◉ Chain of infection
, Answer: infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of
transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host
◉ methods of preventing infectious disease
Answer: handwashing, adequate immunization, proper handling and
preparation of food, judicious antibiotic use
◉ limiting the spread of infection
Answer: standard precautions (tier one), transmission-based
precautions (tier two) - air-borne, droplet, contact
◉ Many childhood diseases can be prevented with:
Answer: adequate immunization
◉ Many vaccinations require
Answer: multiple doses
◉ Diseases prevented by immunizations include:
Answer: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, mumps, measles, rubella,
varicella, poliomyelitis, pertussis
◉ Information to obtain in health history
2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Newborn displays a decreased inflammatory response to invading
organisms contributing to:
Answer: an increased risk for infection
◉ cellular immunity is:
Answer: generally functional at birth
◉ Humoral immunity occurs:
Answer: when the body encounters and then develops immunity to
new diseases
◉ The infants risk of infection is higher due to:
Answer: the infant having limited exposure to disease and is losing
passive immunity acquired from maternal antibodies
◉ In pediatrics disease protection from immunization id often:
Answer: incomplete
,◉ Granulocytes
Answer: first line of defense, phagocytic cells (AKA
polymorphonuclear leukocytes)
◉ Neutrophils
Answer: first responders to infectious agents - immature are bands,
mature are segments
◉ Eosinophils
Answer: Primary response to infection. also big player in asthma
◉ Basophils
Answer: allergic response
◉ Lymphocytes
Answer: produce and maintain immune response; B cell, T cell, and
natural killer types
◉ Monocytes
Answer: second line of defense - responds to larger and more severe
infections
◉ Types of infectious diseases
,Answer: Bacterial infections, viral infection (rabies, viral
exanthems), Zoonotic infections (rabies), vector-borne infections
(Lyme disease), Parasitic and helminthic infections (head lice
[pediculosis capitis], roundworm), sexually transmitted diseases
◉ Stages of infectious disease
Answer: incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
◉ Incubation
Answer: time from the entrance of pathogen to first symptom,
pathogen is actively multiplying
◉ prodrome
Answer: time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue,
malaise) to more specific symptoms of the disease
◉ Illness
Answer: signs and symptoms of disease are clearly evident
◉ Convalescence
Answer: acute symptoms begin to disappear
◉ Chain of infection
, Answer: infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of
transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host
◉ methods of preventing infectious disease
Answer: handwashing, adequate immunization, proper handling and
preparation of food, judicious antibiotic use
◉ limiting the spread of infection
Answer: standard precautions (tier one), transmission-based
precautions (tier two) - air-borne, droplet, contact
◉ Many childhood diseases can be prevented with:
Answer: adequate immunization
◉ Many vaccinations require
Answer: multiple doses
◉ Diseases prevented by immunizations include:
Answer: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, mumps, measles, rubella,
varicella, poliomyelitis, pertussis
◉ Information to obtain in health history
