BSN 206 Foundations of Nursing Fundamentals Hallmark Exam
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
BSN 206 Foundations of Nursing
Fundamentals Hallmark Exam (Latest
Update 2026/2027) Questions & Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A - Nightingale
2026/2027
Nightingale College | Foundations of Nursing Fundamentals
75 100%
QUESTIONS VERIFIED ANSWERS EDITION
TOPICS COVERED
• Fundamentals of Nursing Practice & Professionalism
• Clinical Skills & Patient Safety
• Health Assessment & Physical Examination • Care Across the Lifespan & Health Promotion
• Pharmacology Basics & Medication Administration • Evidence-Based Nursing & Clinical Decision-Making
COVER PAGE - 1
BSN 206 Foundations Hallmark Exam - 2026/2027 | Passing Score: 80% | Page 1
,SECTION 1 | Fundamentals of Nursing Practice & Professionalism | Q1-Q15 | BSN 206 Hallmark Exam 2026/2027
Q1 Question 1 of 75
A 45-year-old patient admitted for elective knee replacement surgery expresses concern about
being discharged home alone after the procedure. The nurse learns that the patient lives in a
second-floor apartment with no elevator and has no family nearby. Which nursing action best
demonstrates patient-centered care?
A. Inform the patient that hospital policy requires discharge within 48 hours
B. Collaborate with the interdisciplinary team to arrange home health services and evaluate stair-climbing
alternatives
C. Recommend the patient postpone surgery until family can arrive
D. Document the concern and proceed with standard discharge planning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient-centered care involves recognizing the patient as a full partner in care and addressing their unique
circumstances. Collaborating with the interdisciplinary team to arrange home health services and evaluate alternatives
for stair climbing addresses the patient's safety and autonomy. Simply informing the patient of policy or recommending
surgery postponement does not demonstrate partnership or problem-solving.
Q2 Question 2 of 75
A newly licensed registered nurse is caring for a patient with a terminal diagnosis who asks,
'Am I going to die?' The nurse feels uncomfortable discussing end-of-life issues and changes
the subject. Which ethical principle is most compromised by this action?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Veracity is the ethical principle of truthfulness and honesty in communication. While the nurse may feel uncomfortable,
avoiding the patient's question compromises the patient's right to honest information and informed decision-making.
Autonomy involves self-determination, beneficence involves doing good, and nonmaleficence involves avoiding harm.
The nurse should seek guidance from experienced colleagues while remaining honest with the patient.
Q3 Question 3 of 75
During morning rounds, a nurse notices that a patient's intravenous catheter insertion site is
red, warm, and tender. The patient reports a pain level of 4/10 at the site. The nurse recalls that
the catheter was inserted 96 hours ago. Which action is most consistent with evidence-based
practice?
A. Apply a warm compress and continue monitoring
B. Remove the catheter, culture the tip, and restart at a new site
C. Administer ibuprofen 400 mg and document the finding
D. Rotate the catheter 180 degrees and secure with a new dressing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Signs of phlebitis (redness, warmth, tenderness, pain) at an IV site require removal of the catheter to prevent progression
to thrombophlebitis or bloodstream infection. Current INS standards recommend removing peripheral IV catheters when
complications occur and restarting at a new site. Culturing the tip helps identify causative organisms if infection is
suspected. Warm compresses and analgesics alone do not address the underlying problem.
BSN 206 Foundations Hallmark Exam - 2026/2027 | Passing Score: 80% | Page 2
, SECTION 1 | Fundamentals of Nursing Practice & Professionalism | Q1-Q15 | BSN 206 Hallmark Exam 2026/2027
Q4 Question 4 of 75
A nursing student is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of metoprolol to a patient with a
heart rate of 52 bpm and blood pressure of 98/62 mmHg. The patient denies dizziness or chest
pain. Which action should the student take first?
A. Administer the medication as scheduled since the patient is asymptomatic
B. Hold the medication and notify the prescribing provider immediately
C. Recheck the vital signs in 15 minutes and then administer if stable
D. Consult the clinical instructor before making any decision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia and hypotension. A heart rate of 52 bpm and blood pressure of
98/62 mmHg are below typical parameters for safe administration. The nurse should hold the medication and notify the
provider to determine if the dose should be adjusted or withheld. While consulting the instructor is appropriate for a
student, the immediate patient safety action is to hold the medication and notify the provider.
Q5 Question 5 of 75
A 68-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes is being discharged after foot ulcer debridement. The
nurse provides education on wound care, blood glucose monitoring, and signs of infection.
Which teaching strategy best evaluates the patient's understanding?
A. Ask the patient to repeat the instructions verbatim
B. Have the patient demonstrate wound dressing change and blood glucose testing
C. Provide a printed pamphlet and ask if they have questions
D. Document that teaching was completed and move to the next patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The teach-back method with return demonstration is the most effective way to evaluate patient understanding of
psychomotor skills. Having the patient physically demonstrate wound care and glucose testing allows the nurse to
identify and correct errors before discharge. Verbal repetition alone does not assess skill acquisition. Printed materials
supplement but do not replace hands-on evaluation.
Q6 Question 6 of 75
A nurse is caring for a patient who is a Jehovah's Witness and requires emergency surgery after
a motor vehicle accident. The patient refuses blood transfusion based on religious beliefs. The
patient's spouse insists the physician override the refusal. Which action best supports the
patient's rights?
A. Follow the spouse's wishes since the patient may be incapacitated by pain
B. Respect the patient's autonomous decision and notify the surgeon to explore bloodless surgical
alternatives
C. Obtain a court order to administer blood without consent
D. Administer blood only if the patient's hemoglobin drops below 7 g/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Adult patients with decision-making capacity have the right to refuse treatment based on religious or personal beliefs,
even if the refusal may result in death. The nurse must respect this autonomy and advocate for the patient by ensuring
the healthcare team explores alternatives such as bloodless surgery, cell salvage, and volume expanders. Overriding a
competent patient's refusal violates ethical and legal standards.
BSN 206 Foundations Hallmark Exam - 2026/2027 | Passing Score: 80% | Page 3
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
BSN 206 Foundations of Nursing
Fundamentals Hallmark Exam (Latest
Update 2026/2027) Questions & Answers |
100% Correct | Grade A - Nightingale
2026/2027
Nightingale College | Foundations of Nursing Fundamentals
75 100%
QUESTIONS VERIFIED ANSWERS EDITION
TOPICS COVERED
• Fundamentals of Nursing Practice & Professionalism
• Clinical Skills & Patient Safety
• Health Assessment & Physical Examination • Care Across the Lifespan & Health Promotion
• Pharmacology Basics & Medication Administration • Evidence-Based Nursing & Clinical Decision-Making
COVER PAGE - 1
BSN 206 Foundations Hallmark Exam - 2026/2027 | Passing Score: 80% | Page 1
,SECTION 1 | Fundamentals of Nursing Practice & Professionalism | Q1-Q15 | BSN 206 Hallmark Exam 2026/2027
Q1 Question 1 of 75
A 45-year-old patient admitted for elective knee replacement surgery expresses concern about
being discharged home alone after the procedure. The nurse learns that the patient lives in a
second-floor apartment with no elevator and has no family nearby. Which nursing action best
demonstrates patient-centered care?
A. Inform the patient that hospital policy requires discharge within 48 hours
B. Collaborate with the interdisciplinary team to arrange home health services and evaluate stair-climbing
alternatives
C. Recommend the patient postpone surgery until family can arrive
D. Document the concern and proceed with standard discharge planning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Patient-centered care involves recognizing the patient as a full partner in care and addressing their unique
circumstances. Collaborating with the interdisciplinary team to arrange home health services and evaluate alternatives
for stair climbing addresses the patient's safety and autonomy. Simply informing the patient of policy or recommending
surgery postponement does not demonstrate partnership or problem-solving.
Q2 Question 2 of 75
A newly licensed registered nurse is caring for a patient with a terminal diagnosis who asks,
'Am I going to die?' The nurse feels uncomfortable discussing end-of-life issues and changes
the subject. Which ethical principle is most compromised by this action?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Veracity is the ethical principle of truthfulness and honesty in communication. While the nurse may feel uncomfortable,
avoiding the patient's question compromises the patient's right to honest information and informed decision-making.
Autonomy involves self-determination, beneficence involves doing good, and nonmaleficence involves avoiding harm.
The nurse should seek guidance from experienced colleagues while remaining honest with the patient.
Q3 Question 3 of 75
During morning rounds, a nurse notices that a patient's intravenous catheter insertion site is
red, warm, and tender. The patient reports a pain level of 4/10 at the site. The nurse recalls that
the catheter was inserted 96 hours ago. Which action is most consistent with evidence-based
practice?
A. Apply a warm compress and continue monitoring
B. Remove the catheter, culture the tip, and restart at a new site
C. Administer ibuprofen 400 mg and document the finding
D. Rotate the catheter 180 degrees and secure with a new dressing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Signs of phlebitis (redness, warmth, tenderness, pain) at an IV site require removal of the catheter to prevent progression
to thrombophlebitis or bloodstream infection. Current INS standards recommend removing peripheral IV catheters when
complications occur and restarting at a new site. Culturing the tip helps identify causative organisms if infection is
suspected. Warm compresses and analgesics alone do not address the underlying problem.
BSN 206 Foundations Hallmark Exam - 2026/2027 | Passing Score: 80% | Page 2
, SECTION 1 | Fundamentals of Nursing Practice & Professionalism | Q1-Q15 | BSN 206 Hallmark Exam 2026/2027
Q4 Question 4 of 75
A nursing student is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of metoprolol to a patient with a
heart rate of 52 bpm and blood pressure of 98/62 mmHg. The patient denies dizziness or chest
pain. Which action should the student take first?
A. Administer the medication as scheduled since the patient is asymptomatic
B. Hold the medication and notify the prescribing provider immediately
C. Recheck the vital signs in 15 minutes and then administer if stable
D. Consult the clinical instructor before making any decision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia and hypotension. A heart rate of 52 bpm and blood pressure of
98/62 mmHg are below typical parameters for safe administration. The nurse should hold the medication and notify the
provider to determine if the dose should be adjusted or withheld. While consulting the instructor is appropriate for a
student, the immediate patient safety action is to hold the medication and notify the provider.
Q5 Question 5 of 75
A 68-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes is being discharged after foot ulcer debridement. The
nurse provides education on wound care, blood glucose monitoring, and signs of infection.
Which teaching strategy best evaluates the patient's understanding?
A. Ask the patient to repeat the instructions verbatim
B. Have the patient demonstrate wound dressing change and blood glucose testing
C. Provide a printed pamphlet and ask if they have questions
D. Document that teaching was completed and move to the next patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The teach-back method with return demonstration is the most effective way to evaluate patient understanding of
psychomotor skills. Having the patient physically demonstrate wound care and glucose testing allows the nurse to
identify and correct errors before discharge. Verbal repetition alone does not assess skill acquisition. Printed materials
supplement but do not replace hands-on evaluation.
Q6 Question 6 of 75
A nurse is caring for a patient who is a Jehovah's Witness and requires emergency surgery after
a motor vehicle accident. The patient refuses blood transfusion based on religious beliefs. The
patient's spouse insists the physician override the refusal. Which action best supports the
patient's rights?
A. Follow the spouse's wishes since the patient may be incapacitated by pain
B. Respect the patient's autonomous decision and notify the surgeon to explore bloodless surgical
alternatives
C. Obtain a court order to administer blood without consent
D. Administer blood only if the patient's hemoglobin drops below 7 g/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Adult patients with decision-making capacity have the right to refuse treatment based on religious or personal beliefs,
even if the refusal may result in death. The nurse must respect this autonomy and advocate for the patient by ensuring
the healthcare team explores alternatives such as bloodless surgery, cell salvage, and volume expanders. Overriding a
competent patient's refusal violates ethical and legal standards.
BSN 206 Foundations Hallmark Exam - 2026/2027 | Passing Score: 80% | Page 3
