PPN 302 - MIDTERM ACTUAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
• 8 Elements of PHC.
Answer: 1. education about health problems and prevention techniques 2.
promotion of food supply and proper nutrition (poor nations and rich
nations) 3. adequate supply and safe water and basic sanitation 4. maternal
and child healthcare and family planning 5. immunization against disease 6.
prevention and control of endemic diseases (prevalent in particular groups
but in low numbers) 7. appropriate treatment of common diseases and
injuries 8. provision of essential drugs
• precursor to differential access.
Answer: inequality and inequities are precursors to differential access and
outcomes
• Health Literacy.
Answer: - Cog. & social skills which determine motivation & ability to gain
access to, understand & use info. in ways which prmote & maintain good
health - More than being able to read pamphlets & make appts - Crucial to
empowerment
• 5 key components of PHC (route to better health for all).
Answer: 1. reducing exclusion and social disparities in health 2. organize
health services around individual needs and expectations 3. integrate health
into all sectors 4. pursuing collaborative models of policy 5. increase
stakeholder participation
• Levels of HL.
Answer: - Basic/Functional HL - Communicative/Interactive HL - Critical
Literacy
• Downstream approach.
, Answer: reacts to issues after they have occurred, focuses on providing
equitable access to care (reducing impact of problem once it has occurred)
rehab, coping, managing illness ie. pulling people out of the river, abortion,
far gone cavity extraction
• Ottawa Charter - Strengthen community action.
Answer: community participation to improve health (ie. community kitchen
to promote healthy eating, support organizations supporting individuals with
HIV AIDS)
• What is Health Equity?.
Answer: health equity is the fair distribution of resources needed for health,
access to opportunities, and fairness in support (individuals should not be
disadvantaged due to their race, ethnicity, religion, gender, age, social class,
class, etc)
• Basic/Functional HL.
Answer: - Basic reading, writing, & literacy skills & knowledge of health
conditions & health systems -- Presenting health info. in plain everyday
language
• differential access?.
Answer: result of societal responses to race, class, gender, etc. interactions
of these causes a cycle of oppression the more intersecting contexts the
more oppressed you are, causing large equity gaps in populations
• HL Enables Individuals.
Answer: - Navigate heathcare system - Problem-solve based on contextual
(situational) demands - Make informed-decisions about own health practices
& health care - Understanding how existing policies affect their living
conditions & their health - Advocate for equitable access to health resources
for self & others - Work collectively to address 'SDoH & health disparities'
• What is the Population Health Promotion?.
Answer: process of taking action on interrelated conditions that affect
populations health to create healthy change (eg. SDH)
, • Critical Literacy.
Answer: - Higher level of cog. & social skills to critically analyse info. &
use info. through indiv. & collective action to address social, economic, &
envir. determinants of health -- Critically analyze avail. info. to identify its
relevance, biases, & creditability
• Levels of Cycle of oppression.
Answer: 1. individual - prejudice a persons beliefs serve to cause oppression
2. interpersonal - interactions between people and institutions
(discrimination) 3. institutional - policies or practices at the organization
level (oppression)
• What is steryotyping?.
Answer: exaggerated, oversimplified, negative image held by people,
groups, and political and economic decision makers
• Social Marketing - Cannot Do.
Answer: - Cannot compensate for inadequate health care provision or lack of
access to care - Cannot sustain desirable changes in health practices w/o
support of larger program for change (e.g. public policy,...)
• Social Marketing - 4 P's.
Answer: Product: - Behaviours, materials, or resources (e.g. condoms,
physical exercise,...) Price: - What audience has to pay or give up to achieve
desired behav. Promotion: - Advertising, public relations, community
outreach Place: - Where audience is reached (e.g. schools, malls, TV,...)
• Social Marketing - Ethics.
Answer: When using social marketing remember to: - Act w/ spirit of
'critical' HP - Consider messages through lens of social justice & equity - Be
mindful of power relations - Be aware; indiv./society are intertwined - Use
socio-political lens in developing messages
• Social Marketing - Appropriateness.
Answer: - When primary goal is voluntary behaviour change - When you
want a audience-focused program - When want to make "upstream" changes
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
• 8 Elements of PHC.
Answer: 1. education about health problems and prevention techniques 2.
promotion of food supply and proper nutrition (poor nations and rich
nations) 3. adequate supply and safe water and basic sanitation 4. maternal
and child healthcare and family planning 5. immunization against disease 6.
prevention and control of endemic diseases (prevalent in particular groups
but in low numbers) 7. appropriate treatment of common diseases and
injuries 8. provision of essential drugs
• precursor to differential access.
Answer: inequality and inequities are precursors to differential access and
outcomes
• Health Literacy.
Answer: - Cog. & social skills which determine motivation & ability to gain
access to, understand & use info. in ways which prmote & maintain good
health - More than being able to read pamphlets & make appts - Crucial to
empowerment
• 5 key components of PHC (route to better health for all).
Answer: 1. reducing exclusion and social disparities in health 2. organize
health services around individual needs and expectations 3. integrate health
into all sectors 4. pursuing collaborative models of policy 5. increase
stakeholder participation
• Levels of HL.
Answer: - Basic/Functional HL - Communicative/Interactive HL - Critical
Literacy
• Downstream approach.
, Answer: reacts to issues after they have occurred, focuses on providing
equitable access to care (reducing impact of problem once it has occurred)
rehab, coping, managing illness ie. pulling people out of the river, abortion,
far gone cavity extraction
• Ottawa Charter - Strengthen community action.
Answer: community participation to improve health (ie. community kitchen
to promote healthy eating, support organizations supporting individuals with
HIV AIDS)
• What is Health Equity?.
Answer: health equity is the fair distribution of resources needed for health,
access to opportunities, and fairness in support (individuals should not be
disadvantaged due to their race, ethnicity, religion, gender, age, social class,
class, etc)
• Basic/Functional HL.
Answer: - Basic reading, writing, & literacy skills & knowledge of health
conditions & health systems -- Presenting health info. in plain everyday
language
• differential access?.
Answer: result of societal responses to race, class, gender, etc. interactions
of these causes a cycle of oppression the more intersecting contexts the
more oppressed you are, causing large equity gaps in populations
• HL Enables Individuals.
Answer: - Navigate heathcare system - Problem-solve based on contextual
(situational) demands - Make informed-decisions about own health practices
& health care - Understanding how existing policies affect their living
conditions & their health - Advocate for equitable access to health resources
for self & others - Work collectively to address 'SDoH & health disparities'
• What is the Population Health Promotion?.
Answer: process of taking action on interrelated conditions that affect
populations health to create healthy change (eg. SDH)
, • Critical Literacy.
Answer: - Higher level of cog. & social skills to critically analyse info. &
use info. through indiv. & collective action to address social, economic, &
envir. determinants of health -- Critically analyze avail. info. to identify its
relevance, biases, & creditability
• Levels of Cycle of oppression.
Answer: 1. individual - prejudice a persons beliefs serve to cause oppression
2. interpersonal - interactions between people and institutions
(discrimination) 3. institutional - policies or practices at the organization
level (oppression)
• What is steryotyping?.
Answer: exaggerated, oversimplified, negative image held by people,
groups, and political and economic decision makers
• Social Marketing - Cannot Do.
Answer: - Cannot compensate for inadequate health care provision or lack of
access to care - Cannot sustain desirable changes in health practices w/o
support of larger program for change (e.g. public policy,...)
• Social Marketing - 4 P's.
Answer: Product: - Behaviours, materials, or resources (e.g. condoms,
physical exercise,...) Price: - What audience has to pay or give up to achieve
desired behav. Promotion: - Advertising, public relations, community
outreach Place: - Where audience is reached (e.g. schools, malls, TV,...)
• Social Marketing - Ethics.
Answer: When using social marketing remember to: - Act w/ spirit of
'critical' HP - Consider messages through lens of social justice & equity - Be
mindful of power relations - Be aware; indiv./society are intertwined - Use
socio-political lens in developing messages
• Social Marketing - Appropriateness.
Answer: - When primary goal is voluntary behaviour change - When you
want a audience-focused program - When want to make "upstream" changes
