ADN FINALS test 1-6 Verified Exam Questions and Answers Latest
update 2026/2027
Question:
You are an emergency-room nurse caring for a trauma patient. Your patient has the following arterial
blood gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would you interpret these results?
Answer:
Metabolic acidosis with a compensatory respiratory alkalosis
Question:
A patient who is being treated for pneumonia starts complaining of sudden shortness of breath. An
arterial blood gas (ABG) is drawn. The ABG has the following values: pH 7.21, PaCO2 64 mm Hg,
HCO3 = 24 mm Hg. What does the ABG reflect?
Answer:
Respiratory acidosis
Question:
The nurse is assessing the patient for the presence of a Chvosteks sign. What electrolyte imbalance
would a positive Chvosteks sign indicate?
Answer:
Hypocalcemia
Question:
The community health nurse is performing a home visit to an 84-year-old woman recovering from hip
surgery. The nurse notes that the woman seems uncharacteristically confused and has dry mucous
membranes. When asked about her fluid intake, the patient states, I stop drinking water early in the
day because it is just too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom. What would be the
nurses best response?
Answer:
Limiting your fluids can create imbalances in your body that can result in confusion. Maybe we need
to adjust the timing of your fluids.
Question:
You are the nurse evaluating a newly admitted patients laboratory results, which include several
values that are outside of reference ranges. Which of the following would cause the release of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Answer:
Increased serum sodium
, Question:
A newly graduated nurse is admitting a patient with a long history of emphysema. The new nurses
preceptor is going over the patients past lab reports with the new nurse. The nurse takes note that the
patients PaCO2 has been between 56 and 64 mm Hg for several months. The preceptor asks the new
nurse why they will be cautious administering oxygen. What is the new nurses best response?
Answer:
Using oxygen may result in the patient developing carbon dioxide narcosis and hypoxemia.
Question:
The nurse is providing care for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. When describing
the process of respiration the nurse explains how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between
the pulmonary capillaries and the alveoli. The nurse is describing what process?
Answer:
Diffusion
Question:
You are caring for a patient who is being treated on the oncology unit with a diagnosis of lung cancer
with bone metastases. During your assessment, you note the patient complains of a new onset of
weakness with abdominal pain. Further assessment suggests that the patient likely has a fluid volume
deficit. You should recognize that this patient may be experiencing what electrolyte imbalance?
Answer:
Hypercalcemia
Question:
A patient has questioned the nurses administration of IV normal saline, asking whether sterile water
would be a more appropriate choice than saltwater. Under what circumstances would the nurse
administer electrolyte-free water intravenously?
Answer:
Never, because it rapidly enters red blood cells, causing them to rupture.
Question:
You are called to your patients room by a family member who voices concern about the patients
status. On assessment, you find the patient tachypnic, lethargic, weak, and exhibiting a diminished
cognitive ability. You also find 3+ pitting edema. What electrolyte imbalance is the most plausible
cause of this patients signs and symptoms?
Answer:
Hyperchloremia
update 2026/2027
Question:
You are an emergency-room nurse caring for a trauma patient. Your patient has the following arterial
blood gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would you interpret these results?
Answer:
Metabolic acidosis with a compensatory respiratory alkalosis
Question:
A patient who is being treated for pneumonia starts complaining of sudden shortness of breath. An
arterial blood gas (ABG) is drawn. The ABG has the following values: pH 7.21, PaCO2 64 mm Hg,
HCO3 = 24 mm Hg. What does the ABG reflect?
Answer:
Respiratory acidosis
Question:
The nurse is assessing the patient for the presence of a Chvosteks sign. What electrolyte imbalance
would a positive Chvosteks sign indicate?
Answer:
Hypocalcemia
Question:
The community health nurse is performing a home visit to an 84-year-old woman recovering from hip
surgery. The nurse notes that the woman seems uncharacteristically confused and has dry mucous
membranes. When asked about her fluid intake, the patient states, I stop drinking water early in the
day because it is just too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom. What would be the
nurses best response?
Answer:
Limiting your fluids can create imbalances in your body that can result in confusion. Maybe we need
to adjust the timing of your fluids.
Question:
You are the nurse evaluating a newly admitted patients laboratory results, which include several
values that are outside of reference ranges. Which of the following would cause the release of
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Answer:
Increased serum sodium
, Question:
A newly graduated nurse is admitting a patient with a long history of emphysema. The new nurses
preceptor is going over the patients past lab reports with the new nurse. The nurse takes note that the
patients PaCO2 has been between 56 and 64 mm Hg for several months. The preceptor asks the new
nurse why they will be cautious administering oxygen. What is the new nurses best response?
Answer:
Using oxygen may result in the patient developing carbon dioxide narcosis and hypoxemia.
Question:
The nurse is providing care for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. When describing
the process of respiration the nurse explains how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between
the pulmonary capillaries and the alveoli. The nurse is describing what process?
Answer:
Diffusion
Question:
You are caring for a patient who is being treated on the oncology unit with a diagnosis of lung cancer
with bone metastases. During your assessment, you note the patient complains of a new onset of
weakness with abdominal pain. Further assessment suggests that the patient likely has a fluid volume
deficit. You should recognize that this patient may be experiencing what electrolyte imbalance?
Answer:
Hypercalcemia
Question:
A patient has questioned the nurses administration of IV normal saline, asking whether sterile water
would be a more appropriate choice than saltwater. Under what circumstances would the nurse
administer electrolyte-free water intravenously?
Answer:
Never, because it rapidly enters red blood cells, causing them to rupture.
Question:
You are called to your patients room by a family member who voices concern about the patients
status. On assessment, you find the patient tachypnic, lethargic, weak, and exhibiting a diminished
cognitive ability. You also find 3+ pitting edema. What electrolyte imbalance is the most plausible
cause of this patients signs and symptoms?
Answer:
Hyperchloremia
