CHEM 121 LAB REPORT 8 ORGANIC SYNTHESIS
2026 EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS
◉ To insert a thermometer into an adapter, use _____to prepare the
thermometer. Then, hold the thermometer ______the adapter and
_____the thermometer into the adapter. Answer: 1. mineral oil
2. close to
3. slowly turn
◉ What are the concerns presented by overheating a distillation to a
dry flask? Answer: 1. The remaining solid residue might contain
explosive peroxides.
2. The empty glassware might heat quickly, igniting vapors from the
distillation.
◉ Before turning on the heat for a microscale distillation, what
should you confirm about the set-up? Answer: 1. Secure connections
at the joints
2. Presence of boiling chip in the sample
3. Existence of some opening in the set-up
,◉ Where should the tip of the thermometer be placed in a
microscale distillation set-up? Answer: At or slightly below the side
arm for the distillation head
◉ An azeotrope is a mixture that has _____composition in the _____.
Therefore, an azeotropic mixture _____ be separated by distillation.
Answer: 1. the same
2. gas and liquid phases
3. cannot
◉ Suppose you are using distillation to separate cyclohexane and
toluene. The boiling point of cyclohexane is ___ celsius and the
boiling point of toluene is ____ celsius. Therefore, the liquid collected
first should be _____. Answer: 1. 81
2. 111
3. cyclohexane
◉ What is the percentage of cyclohexane in the mixture? Answer: 38
mL (volume of cyclohexane collected)/40 mL (volume of the starting
solution)= 95%
◉ What is the boiling point of each component of the
cyclohexane/toluene mixture used in this experiment? Answer: The
boiling point of cyclohexane is 80.75 ℃. The boiling point of toluene
is 110.6 ℃.
, ◉ What precautions should you take when setting up a distillation
apparatus? Answer: -The glassware should be checked for any
damage.
-The condenser should be connected correctly.
-The apparatus used should be stable.
◉ What could happen if you overheat the solution in the flask?
Answer: If the solution is overheated and dried it could cause an
explosion. It can also cause the higher-boiling components to distill.
◉ What is an azeotrope? Answer: An azeotrope is a mixture of two
liquids which has a constant boiling point and composition
throughout distillation.
◉ What is the basis of the separation being performed in this
experiment? Answer: The components have two different boiling
points, therefore, the basis of separation was to separate the volatile
from the nonvolatile.
◉ Determine which base will work to deprotonate each compound
in an acid/base extraction. Answer: 1. CH2-CH2-CH2-OH(Neither)
2. O=OH-H3C-O2(Hydroxide or Bicarbonate)
3. OH-(H3C)2-CH3 (Only hydroxide)
2026 EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS
◉ To insert a thermometer into an adapter, use _____to prepare the
thermometer. Then, hold the thermometer ______the adapter and
_____the thermometer into the adapter. Answer: 1. mineral oil
2. close to
3. slowly turn
◉ What are the concerns presented by overheating a distillation to a
dry flask? Answer: 1. The remaining solid residue might contain
explosive peroxides.
2. The empty glassware might heat quickly, igniting vapors from the
distillation.
◉ Before turning on the heat for a microscale distillation, what
should you confirm about the set-up? Answer: 1. Secure connections
at the joints
2. Presence of boiling chip in the sample
3. Existence of some opening in the set-up
,◉ Where should the tip of the thermometer be placed in a
microscale distillation set-up? Answer: At or slightly below the side
arm for the distillation head
◉ An azeotrope is a mixture that has _____composition in the _____.
Therefore, an azeotropic mixture _____ be separated by distillation.
Answer: 1. the same
2. gas and liquid phases
3. cannot
◉ Suppose you are using distillation to separate cyclohexane and
toluene. The boiling point of cyclohexane is ___ celsius and the
boiling point of toluene is ____ celsius. Therefore, the liquid collected
first should be _____. Answer: 1. 81
2. 111
3. cyclohexane
◉ What is the percentage of cyclohexane in the mixture? Answer: 38
mL (volume of cyclohexane collected)/40 mL (volume of the starting
solution)= 95%
◉ What is the boiling point of each component of the
cyclohexane/toluene mixture used in this experiment? Answer: The
boiling point of cyclohexane is 80.75 ℃. The boiling point of toluene
is 110.6 ℃.
, ◉ What precautions should you take when setting up a distillation
apparatus? Answer: -The glassware should be checked for any
damage.
-The condenser should be connected correctly.
-The apparatus used should be stable.
◉ What could happen if you overheat the solution in the flask?
Answer: If the solution is overheated and dried it could cause an
explosion. It can also cause the higher-boiling components to distill.
◉ What is an azeotrope? Answer: An azeotrope is a mixture of two
liquids which has a constant boiling point and composition
throughout distillation.
◉ What is the basis of the separation being performed in this
experiment? Answer: The components have two different boiling
points, therefore, the basis of separation was to separate the volatile
from the nonvolatile.
◉ Determine which base will work to deprotonate each compound
in an acid/base extraction. Answer: 1. CH2-CH2-CH2-OH(Neither)
2. O=OH-H3C-O2(Hydroxide or Bicarbonate)
3. OH-(H3C)2-CH3 (Only hydroxide)
