Medical/Surgical 1020 nursing Exam 1 || Graded A+.
What is central perfusion? correct answers A normal physiologic process that requires the heart
to generate sufficient cardiac output to transport blood through patent blood vessels for
distribution in the tissues throughout the body.
What is tissue perfusion? correct answers Flow of blood through target tissues. The blood flows
through arteries and capillaries, delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells, and removing cellular
waste products.
What is preload? correct answers volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
What is afterload? correct answers resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood
What are 4 causes of Impaired central perfusion? correct answers 1. Conduction or valve
problems
2. Disease of the heart muscle
3. Increased SVR (afterload)- HTN, aortic stenosis
4. Decreased SVR (afterload)- hemmorhage
What are 3 factors that impair tissue perfusion? correct answers 1. Poor central perfusion
2. Blockage of the vessel leading to target organ or tissue
3. Excessive edema interferes with cellular oxygen exchange
What are 4 non-modifiable risk factors that affect perfusion? correct answers Age, sex, genetics,
ethnicity
What are 6 modifiable risk factors that affect perfusion? correct answers Smoking, obesity,
hyperlipidemia, HTN, DM, sedentary lifestyle
, What are 3 examples of peripheral vascular disease? correct answers 1.) arteriosclerosis
2.) atherosclerosis
3.) hypertension
What are 2 diseases of cardiovascular disease? correct answers 1.) stable angina
2.) chronic heart failure
What are the most common sites for atherosclerosis? correct answers Carotid arteries
Aorta
Renal artery
Femoral artery
Popatile artery
What are 6 signs and symptoms of altered arterial perfusion? correct answers 1.) decreased O2
supply
2.) lip and nail pallor
3.) dependent rubor
4.) thickened toe nails
5.) thin, shinny, cool, dry skin
6.) loss of hair in extremities
What vital signs indicate altered arterial perfusion? correct answers Hypertension
Diminished pulses
Bruits
Poor capillary refill
What is central perfusion? correct answers A normal physiologic process that requires the heart
to generate sufficient cardiac output to transport blood through patent blood vessels for
distribution in the tissues throughout the body.
What is tissue perfusion? correct answers Flow of blood through target tissues. The blood flows
through arteries and capillaries, delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells, and removing cellular
waste products.
What is preload? correct answers volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
What is afterload? correct answers resistance left ventricle must overcome to circulate blood
What are 4 causes of Impaired central perfusion? correct answers 1. Conduction or valve
problems
2. Disease of the heart muscle
3. Increased SVR (afterload)- HTN, aortic stenosis
4. Decreased SVR (afterload)- hemmorhage
What are 3 factors that impair tissue perfusion? correct answers 1. Poor central perfusion
2. Blockage of the vessel leading to target organ or tissue
3. Excessive edema interferes with cellular oxygen exchange
What are 4 non-modifiable risk factors that affect perfusion? correct answers Age, sex, genetics,
ethnicity
What are 6 modifiable risk factors that affect perfusion? correct answers Smoking, obesity,
hyperlipidemia, HTN, DM, sedentary lifestyle
, What are 3 examples of peripheral vascular disease? correct answers 1.) arteriosclerosis
2.) atherosclerosis
3.) hypertension
What are 2 diseases of cardiovascular disease? correct answers 1.) stable angina
2.) chronic heart failure
What are the most common sites for atherosclerosis? correct answers Carotid arteries
Aorta
Renal artery
Femoral artery
Popatile artery
What are 6 signs and symptoms of altered arterial perfusion? correct answers 1.) decreased O2
supply
2.) lip and nail pallor
3.) dependent rubor
4.) thickened toe nails
5.) thin, shinny, cool, dry skin
6.) loss of hair in extremities
What vital signs indicate altered arterial perfusion? correct answers Hypertension
Diminished pulses
Bruits
Poor capillary refill
