BIOLOGY MACROMOLECULES EXAMS SCRIPT 2026/2027
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Four groups of organic molecules - ✔✔Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids
✔✔1.A. What are the major elements of life? - ✔✔Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen.
✔✔1.B. What properties of carbon explain carbon's ability to different large and complex
structures? - ✔✔Carbon can bond to itself, has 4 valence electrons, causing strong
covalent bonds to occur between carbon and another element.
✔✔2.A. Name four groups of organic compounds found in living things. -
✔✔Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
✔✔2.B. Describe at least one function of each group of organic compound. -
✔✔Carbohydrates: main source of energy for plants and animals; proteins: regulation of
cellular transportation of materials, cellular processes, formation of structures, and anti-
bodies; lipids: storage of energy; storage or transmission of genetic information.
✔✔2.C. Why are proteins considered polymers but lipids not? - ✔✔Proteins have long
chains of monomers, but lipids do NOT made up of components that make up a chain.
✔✔3.A. What atoms constitute the compound above? - ✔✔Carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen atoms.
✔✔3.B. What class of macromolecule does the compound belong to? -
✔✔Carbohydrates
✔✔dehydration synthesis - ✔✔forms polymers and a water molecule
✔✔hydrolysis - ✔✔Divides a polymer into monomers through the addition of water
✔✔Where do macromolecules get energy? - ✔✔macromolecules get energy from
bonds
✔✔polymer - ✔✔result of many monomers linking together (protein or peptide and
amino acids or polypeptide)
✔✔What makes up proteins? - ✔✔polymers made of amino acids (50-500 chains long)
✔✔amino acid is also known as a...? - ✔✔peptide or protein
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Four groups of organic molecules - ✔✔Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids
✔✔1.A. What are the major elements of life? - ✔✔Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen.
✔✔1.B. What properties of carbon explain carbon's ability to different large and complex
structures? - ✔✔Carbon can bond to itself, has 4 valence electrons, causing strong
covalent bonds to occur between carbon and another element.
✔✔2.A. Name four groups of organic compounds found in living things. -
✔✔Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
✔✔2.B. Describe at least one function of each group of organic compound. -
✔✔Carbohydrates: main source of energy for plants and animals; proteins: regulation of
cellular transportation of materials, cellular processes, formation of structures, and anti-
bodies; lipids: storage of energy; storage or transmission of genetic information.
✔✔2.C. Why are proteins considered polymers but lipids not? - ✔✔Proteins have long
chains of monomers, but lipids do NOT made up of components that make up a chain.
✔✔3.A. What atoms constitute the compound above? - ✔✔Carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen atoms.
✔✔3.B. What class of macromolecule does the compound belong to? -
✔✔Carbohydrates
✔✔dehydration synthesis - ✔✔forms polymers and a water molecule
✔✔hydrolysis - ✔✔Divides a polymer into monomers through the addition of water
✔✔Where do macromolecules get energy? - ✔✔macromolecules get energy from
bonds
✔✔polymer - ✔✔result of many monomers linking together (protein or peptide and
amino acids or polypeptide)
✔✔What makes up proteins? - ✔✔polymers made of amino acids (50-500 chains long)
✔✔amino acid is also known as a...? - ✔✔peptide or protein
