LEADERSHIP HESI STUDY GUIDE EXAM 2026/2027
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Who should explain and describe a surgical procedure to the client - ✔✔The health
care provider
It is the nurse's responsibility to be sure that the operative permit is signed and is on the
chart. It is not the nurse;s responsibility to explain the procedure to the client. The nurse
must document that the client was given the information and agreed to it.
✔✔Consent - ✔✔The law does not require written consent to perform medical
treatment. Treatment can be performed if the client has been fully informed about the
procedure. Treatment can be performed if the client voluntarily consents to the
procedure.
If informed consent cannot be obtained because client is unconscious, and immediate
treatment is required to save life or limb, the emergency laws can be applied.
✔✔Verbal or written consent - ✔✔When verbal consent is obtained, a notation should
be made. It describes in detail how and why verbal consent was obtained. It is placed in
the clients record or chart. It is witnessed and signed by two persons.
✔✔Verbal or written consent can be given by - ✔✔Alert, coherent, or otherwise
competent adults
A parent of legal guardian
A person in loco parentis (a person standing in for a parent with a parent's rights, duties,
and responsibilities) in cases of minors or incompetent adults
✔✔Consent of minors - ✔✔Minors 14 years of age and older must agree to treatment
along with their parents of guardians
Emancipated minors can consent to treatment themselves. Be aware that the definition
of emancipated minor can change from state to state
✔✔Good Samaritan Act - ✔✔Protects health care providers against malpractice claims
for care provided in emergency situations
Ex) nurse gives aid at the scene to an automobile accident victim.
The nurse is required to perform in a reasonable and prudent manner aka IN THEIR
SCOPE OF FIELD
✔✔What to do if a nurse questions a health care provider's order because he or she
believes that it's wrong (wrong dosage) - ✔✔Inform the HCP
Record that the HCP was informed and record the HCP's response to such information
Inform the nursing supervisor
Refuse to carry out the prescription
, ✔✔What to do if the nurse believes that a health care probider's rx was made with poor
judgement (too many meds) - ✔✔Record that the HCP was notified and that the rx was
questioned
Carry out the rx because nursing judgement cannot be substituted for a HCP judgement
✔✔What to do if a nurse is asked to perform a tak he or she has not been prepared
educationally or does not have the necessary experience - ✔✔Inform the HCP that he
or she does not have the education or experience to carry out the rx
Refuse to carry out the rx
If the nurse does not inform the HCP of his or her lack or preparation and carries out the
rx, then the nurse is solely liable for any damages.
If the nurse informs the HCP about his or her lack of preparation and carries out the rx
anyways, then the nurse and the HCP are liable for any damages.
✔✔Clients may be retrained only under the following circumstances - ✔✔In an
emergency
For a limited time
For the purpose of protecting the client or others from injury or from harm
✔✔Nursing responsibilities regarding to restraints - ✔✔The nurse must notify the HCP
immediately that the client has be restrained
It is required and imperative that the nurse accurately document the facts and the
client's behavior leading to restraint
✔✔Leadership and management roles - ✔✔A leader is an individual who influences
people to accomplish goals
A manager is an individual who works to accomplish goals of the organization
A nurse manager acts to achieve the goals of safe, effective client care within the
overall goals of a health care facility
✔✔How can a nurse leader provide an environment that will promote motivation -
✔✔Through positive feedback, respect, and seeking input
✔✔Classic leadership styles and behavior associated with it - ✔✔Democratic
(participative)-Assertive
Authoritarian (autocratic)-Aggressive
Laissez-faire (permissive)-Passive
Effective leadership involves assertive management skills. Look for responses that
demonstrate that the nurse is using assertive communication skills.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Who should explain and describe a surgical procedure to the client - ✔✔The health
care provider
It is the nurse's responsibility to be sure that the operative permit is signed and is on the
chart. It is not the nurse;s responsibility to explain the procedure to the client. The nurse
must document that the client was given the information and agreed to it.
✔✔Consent - ✔✔The law does not require written consent to perform medical
treatment. Treatment can be performed if the client has been fully informed about the
procedure. Treatment can be performed if the client voluntarily consents to the
procedure.
If informed consent cannot be obtained because client is unconscious, and immediate
treatment is required to save life or limb, the emergency laws can be applied.
✔✔Verbal or written consent - ✔✔When verbal consent is obtained, a notation should
be made. It describes in detail how and why verbal consent was obtained. It is placed in
the clients record or chart. It is witnessed and signed by two persons.
✔✔Verbal or written consent can be given by - ✔✔Alert, coherent, or otherwise
competent adults
A parent of legal guardian
A person in loco parentis (a person standing in for a parent with a parent's rights, duties,
and responsibilities) in cases of minors or incompetent adults
✔✔Consent of minors - ✔✔Minors 14 years of age and older must agree to treatment
along with their parents of guardians
Emancipated minors can consent to treatment themselves. Be aware that the definition
of emancipated minor can change from state to state
✔✔Good Samaritan Act - ✔✔Protects health care providers against malpractice claims
for care provided in emergency situations
Ex) nurse gives aid at the scene to an automobile accident victim.
The nurse is required to perform in a reasonable and prudent manner aka IN THEIR
SCOPE OF FIELD
✔✔What to do if a nurse questions a health care provider's order because he or she
believes that it's wrong (wrong dosage) - ✔✔Inform the HCP
Record that the HCP was informed and record the HCP's response to such information
Inform the nursing supervisor
Refuse to carry out the prescription
, ✔✔What to do if the nurse believes that a health care probider's rx was made with poor
judgement (too many meds) - ✔✔Record that the HCP was notified and that the rx was
questioned
Carry out the rx because nursing judgement cannot be substituted for a HCP judgement
✔✔What to do if a nurse is asked to perform a tak he or she has not been prepared
educationally or does not have the necessary experience - ✔✔Inform the HCP that he
or she does not have the education or experience to carry out the rx
Refuse to carry out the rx
If the nurse does not inform the HCP of his or her lack or preparation and carries out the
rx, then the nurse is solely liable for any damages.
If the nurse informs the HCP about his or her lack of preparation and carries out the rx
anyways, then the nurse and the HCP are liable for any damages.
✔✔Clients may be retrained only under the following circumstances - ✔✔In an
emergency
For a limited time
For the purpose of protecting the client or others from injury or from harm
✔✔Nursing responsibilities regarding to restraints - ✔✔The nurse must notify the HCP
immediately that the client has be restrained
It is required and imperative that the nurse accurately document the facts and the
client's behavior leading to restraint
✔✔Leadership and management roles - ✔✔A leader is an individual who influences
people to accomplish goals
A manager is an individual who works to accomplish goals of the organization
A nurse manager acts to achieve the goals of safe, effective client care within the
overall goals of a health care facility
✔✔How can a nurse leader provide an environment that will promote motivation -
✔✔Through positive feedback, respect, and seeking input
✔✔Classic leadership styles and behavior associated with it - ✔✔Democratic
(participative)-Assertive
Authoritarian (autocratic)-Aggressive
Laissez-faire (permissive)-Passive
Effective leadership involves assertive management skills. Look for responses that
demonstrate that the nurse is using assertive communication skills.
