NSG 4100 EXAMINATION | EXAM 3 | TEST BANK
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TOPICS COVERED
Shock (all types)
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)
Sepsis
Burns
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Massive transfusion protocols
Critical care monitoring
Mechanical ventilation
Acid-base disorders
Electrolyte emergencies
Emergency pharmacology
Prioritization and delegation
Topic 1: Shock (All Types)
1. A patient presents with tachycardia, hypotension, cool and clammy
skin, and decreased urine output. Which type of shock is most likely?
A) Distributive shock
B) Hypovolemic shock
C) Cardiogenic shock
D) Obstructive shock
Answer: C) Cardiogenic shock
2. A patient with a massive pulmonary embolism is hypotensive and
tachycardic. This presentation is characteristic of which type of shock?
A) Hypovolemic shock
B) Cardiogenic shock
,C) Obstructive shock
D) Septic shock
Answer: C) Obstructive shock
3. The nurse is caring for a patient in hypovolemic shock. Which
hemodynamic parameter would the nurse expect to be decreased?
A) Central venous pressure (CVP)
B) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
C) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
D) Cardiac output (CO)
Answer: A) Central venous pressure (CVP)
4. A patient in septic shock has a fever, hypotension, and a cardiac
output that is high. Which finding is consistent with the hyperdynamic
state of early septic shock?
A) Low SVR and warm, flushed skin
B) High SVR and cool, clammy skin
C) Low cardiac index and bradycardia
D) High PAWP and pulmonary edema
Answer: A) Low SVR and warm, flushed skin
5. A patient is diagnosed with neurogenic shock following a cervical
spinal cord injury. Which assessment finding is most consistent with
this condition?
A) Hypotension with bradycardia and warm skin
B) Hypotension with tachycardia and cool skin
C) Hypertension with bradycardia
D) Hypertension with tachycardia
Answer: A) Hypotension with bradycardia and warm skin
6. Which vasopressor is considered the first-line agent for the
treatment of septic shock?
A) Dopamine
B) Vasopressin
,C) Norepinephrine
D) Dobutamine
Answer: C) Norepinephrine
7. The nurse is preparing to administer a fluid bolus to a patient in
hypovolemic shock. Which fluid is the preferred initial resuscitation
fluid?
A) 5% Dextrose in water (D5W)
B) 0.9% Normal saline
C) 3% Normal saline
D) Albumin
Answer: B) 0.9% Normal saline (or Lactated Ringer's; this is a standard
NCLEX answer)
8. For a patient in cardiogenic shock, which medication is most
appropriate to improve cardiac contractility?
A) Norepinephrine
B) Dobutamine
C) Phenylephrine
D) Nitroprusside
Answer: B) Dobutamine
9. A patient in anaphylactic shock has stridor and wheezing. Which
medication should be administered immediately?
A) Diphenhydramine
B) Methylprednisolone
C) Epinephrine
D) Albuterol
Answer: C) Epinephrine
10. Which assessment is the most sensitive indicator of end-organ
perfusion in shock states?
A) Blood pressure
B) Heart rate
, C) Urine output
D) Level of consciousness
Answer: D) Level of consciousness
11. The nurse is caring for a patient with obstructive shock secondary
to cardiac tamponade. The provider is preparing for a
pericardiocentesis. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Administer pain medication
B) Obtain informed consent and prepare the procedure tray
C) Administer a fluid bolus
D) Start a vasopressor drip
Answer: B) Obtain informed consent and prepare the procedure tray
12. A patient in septic shock has a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 52
mmHg. What is the priority intervention?
A) Administer a dopamine infusion
B) Administer a normal saline bolus
C) Recheck the blood pressure in 15 minutes
D) Notify the provider
Answer: B) Administer a normal saline bolus (The initial step is fluid
resuscitation; vasopressors are started if fluid fails.)
13. Which hemodynamic parameter best reflects left ventricular
preload?
A) Central venous pressure (CVP)
B) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
C) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
D) Cardiac index (CI)
Answer: B) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
14. A patient in hypovolemic shock has a hematocrit of 22%. Which
intervention does the nurse anticipate?
A) Administration of packed red blood cells (PRBCs)
B) Administration of 0.9% normal saline
| 200+ Verified Questions & Answers | Latest Updated
Version | 100% Pass Success Resource | Instant
Download PDF
TOPICS COVERED
Shock (all types)
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)
Sepsis
Burns
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Massive transfusion protocols
Critical care monitoring
Mechanical ventilation
Acid-base disorders
Electrolyte emergencies
Emergency pharmacology
Prioritization and delegation
Topic 1: Shock (All Types)
1. A patient presents with tachycardia, hypotension, cool and clammy
skin, and decreased urine output. Which type of shock is most likely?
A) Distributive shock
B) Hypovolemic shock
C) Cardiogenic shock
D) Obstructive shock
Answer: C) Cardiogenic shock
2. A patient with a massive pulmonary embolism is hypotensive and
tachycardic. This presentation is characteristic of which type of shock?
A) Hypovolemic shock
B) Cardiogenic shock
,C) Obstructive shock
D) Septic shock
Answer: C) Obstructive shock
3. The nurse is caring for a patient in hypovolemic shock. Which
hemodynamic parameter would the nurse expect to be decreased?
A) Central venous pressure (CVP)
B) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
C) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
D) Cardiac output (CO)
Answer: A) Central venous pressure (CVP)
4. A patient in septic shock has a fever, hypotension, and a cardiac
output that is high. Which finding is consistent with the hyperdynamic
state of early septic shock?
A) Low SVR and warm, flushed skin
B) High SVR and cool, clammy skin
C) Low cardiac index and bradycardia
D) High PAWP and pulmonary edema
Answer: A) Low SVR and warm, flushed skin
5. A patient is diagnosed with neurogenic shock following a cervical
spinal cord injury. Which assessment finding is most consistent with
this condition?
A) Hypotension with bradycardia and warm skin
B) Hypotension with tachycardia and cool skin
C) Hypertension with bradycardia
D) Hypertension with tachycardia
Answer: A) Hypotension with bradycardia and warm skin
6. Which vasopressor is considered the first-line agent for the
treatment of septic shock?
A) Dopamine
B) Vasopressin
,C) Norepinephrine
D) Dobutamine
Answer: C) Norepinephrine
7. The nurse is preparing to administer a fluid bolus to a patient in
hypovolemic shock. Which fluid is the preferred initial resuscitation
fluid?
A) 5% Dextrose in water (D5W)
B) 0.9% Normal saline
C) 3% Normal saline
D) Albumin
Answer: B) 0.9% Normal saline (or Lactated Ringer's; this is a standard
NCLEX answer)
8. For a patient in cardiogenic shock, which medication is most
appropriate to improve cardiac contractility?
A) Norepinephrine
B) Dobutamine
C) Phenylephrine
D) Nitroprusside
Answer: B) Dobutamine
9. A patient in anaphylactic shock has stridor and wheezing. Which
medication should be administered immediately?
A) Diphenhydramine
B) Methylprednisolone
C) Epinephrine
D) Albuterol
Answer: C) Epinephrine
10. Which assessment is the most sensitive indicator of end-organ
perfusion in shock states?
A) Blood pressure
B) Heart rate
, C) Urine output
D) Level of consciousness
Answer: D) Level of consciousness
11. The nurse is caring for a patient with obstructive shock secondary
to cardiac tamponade. The provider is preparing for a
pericardiocentesis. What is the priority nursing action?
A) Administer pain medication
B) Obtain informed consent and prepare the procedure tray
C) Administer a fluid bolus
D) Start a vasopressor drip
Answer: B) Obtain informed consent and prepare the procedure tray
12. A patient in septic shock has a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 52
mmHg. What is the priority intervention?
A) Administer a dopamine infusion
B) Administer a normal saline bolus
C) Recheck the blood pressure in 15 minutes
D) Notify the provider
Answer: B) Administer a normal saline bolus (The initial step is fluid
resuscitation; vasopressors are started if fluid fails.)
13. Which hemodynamic parameter best reflects left ventricular
preload?
A) Central venous pressure (CVP)
B) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
C) Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
D) Cardiac index (CI)
Answer: B) Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
14. A patient in hypovolemic shock has a hematocrit of 22%. Which
intervention does the nurse anticipate?
A) Administration of packed red blood cells (PRBCs)
B) Administration of 0.9% normal saline
