NUR 3490 TEST 2 | COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, NCLEX-STYLE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Communicable Diseases dramatically decrease with: - ANS ✔✔1. vaccines
2. antibiotics
3. antiviral drugs
4. antitoxins
However:
○New diseases emerge
○Old diseases are reappearing
○Drug-resistance
Nurses must have accurate assessment skills and be familiar with the signs and symptoms of
common childhood infectious diseases so that they can: - ANS ✔✔provide prompt
1. recognition
2. treatment
3. guidance
4. support to families.
○Identifying the infectious agent is of primary importance to prevent further spread
Prevention of communicable diseases by nurses: - ANS ✔✔○handwashing
○adequate immunization
○proper handling and preparation of food
○judicious antibiotic use
,○educating parents and the community
chain of infection: - ANS ✔✔1. infectious agent (germs)
2. reservoir
3. portal of exit/entry
4. mode of transmission
5. susceptible host
Fever - ANS ✔✔●Fever is PROTECTIVE sign - fights infection
-Enhances components of immune response
-Slows growth of bacteria and viruses
-Increases neutrophil production
-Increases T-cell proliferation
●One of most common reasons parents seek care
●Most infections/communicable diseases are accompanied by fever
●Parents have great concerns about fever -> fear:
-febrile seizures
-neurologic complications
-potential serious underlying disease
Fever (Fears & misconceptions) - ANS ✔✔lead to mismanagement
■inappropriate dosing of antipyretics
,■waking kids during sleep to medicate
■inappropriate Tx (alcohol or cold)
Antipyretics for fever - ANS ✔✔provide relief - don't change course!
●They provide comfort and decrease fluid needs
diurnal variations - ANS ✔✔TEMPERATURE INCREASES AT NIGHT
NOTE - there are diurnal variations - changes as much as 1°C (1.8°F) over a 24-hours - peaking in
evening
assessment of child with communicable disorder. The nurse must observe the child's: - ANS
✔✔-affect
-energy level
-interaction with caregivers
■Lethargy can indicate serious infection or sepsis
Most common side effect of vaccines - ANS ✔✔-Redness
-tenderness
-swelling at the site
-low-grade fever
-fussiness
○Usually resolve within a few days
, The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act requires that - ANS ✔✔Vaccine Information
Statements be provided to parents before an immunization is given
○Risk benefit and side effects
○Allow time for them to read and discuss
TIPS for child immunization:
-Immunization review should be done at every health
-verify siblings are up-to-date
-(helpful) limit families trips to doctor
Clinically significant adverse event that occurs after an immunization should be reported to the -
ANS ✔✔Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
Who should you NOT immunize? - ANS ✔✔Do not immunize:
-child with a fever
-child with a moderate/severe illness (okay w minor illness)
-children severely immunocompromised
-pregnant women (cannot get live vaccines = MMR, Varicella)
ADVERSE reaction = Seizures anaphylaxis and death
how to communicate/educate those with vaccine hesitancy? - ANS ✔✔1. empathy
2. ask permission to share
3. debunk the myth-replace with evidence
4. focus on the disease
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Communicable Diseases dramatically decrease with: - ANS ✔✔1. vaccines
2. antibiotics
3. antiviral drugs
4. antitoxins
However:
○New diseases emerge
○Old diseases are reappearing
○Drug-resistance
Nurses must have accurate assessment skills and be familiar with the signs and symptoms of
common childhood infectious diseases so that they can: - ANS ✔✔provide prompt
1. recognition
2. treatment
3. guidance
4. support to families.
○Identifying the infectious agent is of primary importance to prevent further spread
Prevention of communicable diseases by nurses: - ANS ✔✔○handwashing
○adequate immunization
○proper handling and preparation of food
○judicious antibiotic use
,○educating parents and the community
chain of infection: - ANS ✔✔1. infectious agent (germs)
2. reservoir
3. portal of exit/entry
4. mode of transmission
5. susceptible host
Fever - ANS ✔✔●Fever is PROTECTIVE sign - fights infection
-Enhances components of immune response
-Slows growth of bacteria and viruses
-Increases neutrophil production
-Increases T-cell proliferation
●One of most common reasons parents seek care
●Most infections/communicable diseases are accompanied by fever
●Parents have great concerns about fever -> fear:
-febrile seizures
-neurologic complications
-potential serious underlying disease
Fever (Fears & misconceptions) - ANS ✔✔lead to mismanagement
■inappropriate dosing of antipyretics
,■waking kids during sleep to medicate
■inappropriate Tx (alcohol or cold)
Antipyretics for fever - ANS ✔✔provide relief - don't change course!
●They provide comfort and decrease fluid needs
diurnal variations - ANS ✔✔TEMPERATURE INCREASES AT NIGHT
NOTE - there are diurnal variations - changes as much as 1°C (1.8°F) over a 24-hours - peaking in
evening
assessment of child with communicable disorder. The nurse must observe the child's: - ANS
✔✔-affect
-energy level
-interaction with caregivers
■Lethargy can indicate serious infection or sepsis
Most common side effect of vaccines - ANS ✔✔-Redness
-tenderness
-swelling at the site
-low-grade fever
-fussiness
○Usually resolve within a few days
, The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act requires that - ANS ✔✔Vaccine Information
Statements be provided to parents before an immunization is given
○Risk benefit and side effects
○Allow time for them to read and discuss
TIPS for child immunization:
-Immunization review should be done at every health
-verify siblings are up-to-date
-(helpful) limit families trips to doctor
Clinically significant adverse event that occurs after an immunization should be reported to the -
ANS ✔✔Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
Who should you NOT immunize? - ANS ✔✔Do not immunize:
-child with a fever
-child with a moderate/severe illness (okay w minor illness)
-children severely immunocompromised
-pregnant women (cannot get live vaccines = MMR, Varicella)
ADVERSE reaction = Seizures anaphylaxis and death
how to communicate/educate those with vaccine hesitancy? - ANS ✔✔1. empathy
2. ask permission to share
3. debunk the myth-replace with evidence
4. focus on the disease
