NUR 3490 FINAL EXAM | COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, NCLEX-STYLE PRACTICE QUESTIONS
& ANSWERS 2026/2027
General caring for infants and children - ANS ✔✔Don't lie to a child
Explain to the child and the parent- communication
Give choices when possible
Bend a little and be flexible
Do not harm
Show respect
Talk to child and parents
Don't tell a child not to cry
Provide privacy
Manage pain
Pediatric Physical exam - ANS ✔✔**painful procedures last, don't wake a sleeping baby, listen
to heart and lungs when quiet etc....**
Noninvasive to invasive
Inspect
Auscultate
Palpate
Invasive = ears/mouth/nose/temperature/blood pressure
Peripheral to central
Examine normal before abnormal
Go with the flow
rooting reflex - ANS ✔✔when touched on the cheeked a baby will turn his or her head to the
side and seek to put the object in his or her mouth
,sucking reflex - ANS ✔✔when an object is placed in a baby's mouth the infant will suck on it
grasping reflex - ANS ✔✔if an object is placed on a baby's palm or foot pad he or she will try to
grasp it with his or her fingers or toes
moro reflex - ANS ✔✔when startled a baby will fling their limbs out and then quickly make
themself as small as possible
babinski reflex - ANS ✔✔when a baby's foot is stroked they will spread out their toes
communication techniques - infants - ANS ✔✔Respond to crying quickly
Use a soothing voice
Allow them time to warm up
May need cuddles, holding, rocking
communication techniques - toddlers - ANS ✔✔Approach carefully
Use toddler's preferred words
Stories, dolls, books
Parallel play to convey communication
Prepare about procedures JUST before they occur
Word revolves around parents
communication techniques - preschoolers - ANS ✔✔Use play, puppets, and third party
approach
Simple, concrete terms
Imaginative play
,Prepare them 1 hour before procedures
Ask specific questions
Understand them and clear up misunderstandings
communication techniques - school age children - ANS ✔✔Diagrams, illustrations, books, videos
Use third-party stories
Allow the child to ask their questions
Prepare a few days before procedure
Explain what and why & allow them to use tools like holding the stethoscope
communication techniques - adolescents - ANS ✔✔Always respect their privacy
Ensure confidentiality
Remain non-judgemental
Use appropriate medical terms, explain as needed
Use creativity and humor
Do not force them to talk
Prepare up to 1 full week before procedure
Katz 10 Rules of Engagement - ANS ✔✔FIRST do no harm
NEVER lie
Talk to child and parents
Explain to child AND parents
Do not tell a child not to cry
Give choices when possible/appropriate
Show respect
Provide privacy
, Bend a little-be flexible
Manage pain
Atraumatic care - ANS ✔✔therapeutic care that minimizes or eliminates psychological and
physical distress; do no harm
Prevent or minimize physical distressors
Child life specialist
Therapeutic play
Prevent or minimize parent-child separation
Explain procedures to children little by little
Soothe and cuddle children post procedure
Promote a sense of control
Family-centered care
Therapeutic, effective communication
General caring for an infant in an ICU - ANS ✔✔Monitoring vital signs
Clustered care
Food management-failure to thrive
Monitoring
Intubations
Thermoregulation
Change of health status
& ANSWERS 2026/2027
General caring for infants and children - ANS ✔✔Don't lie to a child
Explain to the child and the parent- communication
Give choices when possible
Bend a little and be flexible
Do not harm
Show respect
Talk to child and parents
Don't tell a child not to cry
Provide privacy
Manage pain
Pediatric Physical exam - ANS ✔✔**painful procedures last, don't wake a sleeping baby, listen
to heart and lungs when quiet etc....**
Noninvasive to invasive
Inspect
Auscultate
Palpate
Invasive = ears/mouth/nose/temperature/blood pressure
Peripheral to central
Examine normal before abnormal
Go with the flow
rooting reflex - ANS ✔✔when touched on the cheeked a baby will turn his or her head to the
side and seek to put the object in his or her mouth
,sucking reflex - ANS ✔✔when an object is placed in a baby's mouth the infant will suck on it
grasping reflex - ANS ✔✔if an object is placed on a baby's palm or foot pad he or she will try to
grasp it with his or her fingers or toes
moro reflex - ANS ✔✔when startled a baby will fling their limbs out and then quickly make
themself as small as possible
babinski reflex - ANS ✔✔when a baby's foot is stroked they will spread out their toes
communication techniques - infants - ANS ✔✔Respond to crying quickly
Use a soothing voice
Allow them time to warm up
May need cuddles, holding, rocking
communication techniques - toddlers - ANS ✔✔Approach carefully
Use toddler's preferred words
Stories, dolls, books
Parallel play to convey communication
Prepare about procedures JUST before they occur
Word revolves around parents
communication techniques - preschoolers - ANS ✔✔Use play, puppets, and third party
approach
Simple, concrete terms
Imaginative play
,Prepare them 1 hour before procedures
Ask specific questions
Understand them and clear up misunderstandings
communication techniques - school age children - ANS ✔✔Diagrams, illustrations, books, videos
Use third-party stories
Allow the child to ask their questions
Prepare a few days before procedure
Explain what and why & allow them to use tools like holding the stethoscope
communication techniques - adolescents - ANS ✔✔Always respect their privacy
Ensure confidentiality
Remain non-judgemental
Use appropriate medical terms, explain as needed
Use creativity and humor
Do not force them to talk
Prepare up to 1 full week before procedure
Katz 10 Rules of Engagement - ANS ✔✔FIRST do no harm
NEVER lie
Talk to child and parents
Explain to child AND parents
Do not tell a child not to cry
Give choices when possible/appropriate
Show respect
Provide privacy
, Bend a little-be flexible
Manage pain
Atraumatic care - ANS ✔✔therapeutic care that minimizes or eliminates psychological and
physical distress; do no harm
Prevent or minimize physical distressors
Child life specialist
Therapeutic play
Prevent or minimize parent-child separation
Explain procedures to children little by little
Soothe and cuddle children post procedure
Promote a sense of control
Family-centered care
Therapeutic, effective communication
General caring for an infant in an ICU - ANS ✔✔Monitoring vital signs
Clustered care
Food management-failure to thrive
Monitoring
Intubations
Thermoregulation
Change of health status
