Georgia Biology EOC (2026/2027) | Latest
Questions | 100% Verified Answers | A+
• Prokaryote -✓✓A unicellular bacteria cell that lacks a nucleus and
membrane bound organelles (includes archaebacteria and eubacteria
• Eukaryote -✓✓A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles like mitochondria and/or chloroplasts
• Protists -✓✓mostly unicellular eukaryotes like amoeba, paramecium,
or euglena
• Fungi -✓✓Mostly heterotrophic eukaryotes with a cell wall of chitin
(means that can not move) that must absorb their food and are often
involved in decomposing dead material ex. mushrooms, molds
• Plants -✓✓A multicelled, eukaryotic, photoautotroph, most with well-
developed roots and shoots (e.g., stems, leaves), as well as
photosynthetic cells that produce starch and polysaccharides such as
cellulose, for their cell walls.
• animals -✓✓eukaryotic multicellular heterotrophic organisms that lack
cell walls and that have the ability to move to find food or mates
,• Nucleus -✓✓Control center of the cell surrounded by the nuclear
membrane that contains DNA that forms chromosomes which provide
heredity and protein production for traits
• Cell Membrane -✓✓A cell structure composed of phospholipids and
proteins that is selectively permeable and controls which substances can
enter or leave the cell and is responsible for helping the cell maintain
HOMEOSTASIS
• Cytoplasm -✓✓A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles
are suspended
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) -✓✓A cell structure that forms a maze
of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from
one part of the cell to another (often it moves proteins to the Golgi Body
for secretion)
• Golgi body -✓✓A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other
newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them,
and distributes them to other parts of the cell. (UPS of the cell)
• Ribosomes -✓✓site of protein synthesis where amino acids are
covalently bonded to one another by peptide bonds to for a
protein/polypeptide
,• Lysosomes -✓✓cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break
down certain materials in the cell
• chloroplast -✓✓organelle found in cells of plants and some other
organisms such as algae that captures the energy from sunlight and
converts it into chemical energy during photosynthesis
• Mitochondria -✓✓Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production due to aerobic cellular respiration occurring
here
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water vapor + 38 ATP
• cell wall -✓✓strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in
some cells such as plants, fungus, and bacteria (non-living and provides
shape, support, and protection)
• Difference between prokaryote and eukaryotic cells -✓✓Prokaryote
cells have no nucleus in which to hold their DNA
• Similarities between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells -✓✓Each of
these cell types contain DNA, a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and
ribosomes
• Difference between plant and animal cells -✓✓Plant cells have a
larger central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts
, • Differences between viruses and bacteria -✓✓-Bacteria are cells,
viruses are genetic material surrounded by a protein coat (called a
capsid)
-Bacteria are usually much larger than viruses
-Bacteria can grow and reproduce independently, whereas viruses
require a host cell to reproduce.
Viruses are non-living particles
• Homeostasis -✓✓A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant
internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as
blood glucose or body temperature at a particular level
• Binary fission -✓✓A form of asexual reproduction in which one
bacteria cell divides to form two identical cells.
• carbohydrates -✓✓the starches and sugars present in foods
• polysaccharides -✓✓Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
simple sugars such as glucose. Examples:
starch (plant energy storage) glycogen (animal energy storage in muscle
and liver cells) and cellulose (plant cell walls)
Questions | 100% Verified Answers | A+
• Prokaryote -✓✓A unicellular bacteria cell that lacks a nucleus and
membrane bound organelles (includes archaebacteria and eubacteria
• Eukaryote -✓✓A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles like mitochondria and/or chloroplasts
• Protists -✓✓mostly unicellular eukaryotes like amoeba, paramecium,
or euglena
• Fungi -✓✓Mostly heterotrophic eukaryotes with a cell wall of chitin
(means that can not move) that must absorb their food and are often
involved in decomposing dead material ex. mushrooms, molds
• Plants -✓✓A multicelled, eukaryotic, photoautotroph, most with well-
developed roots and shoots (e.g., stems, leaves), as well as
photosynthetic cells that produce starch and polysaccharides such as
cellulose, for their cell walls.
• animals -✓✓eukaryotic multicellular heterotrophic organisms that lack
cell walls and that have the ability to move to find food or mates
,• Nucleus -✓✓Control center of the cell surrounded by the nuclear
membrane that contains DNA that forms chromosomes which provide
heredity and protein production for traits
• Cell Membrane -✓✓A cell structure composed of phospholipids and
proteins that is selectively permeable and controls which substances can
enter or leave the cell and is responsible for helping the cell maintain
HOMEOSTASIS
• Cytoplasm -✓✓A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles
are suspended
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) -✓✓A cell structure that forms a maze
of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from
one part of the cell to another (often it moves proteins to the Golgi Body
for secretion)
• Golgi body -✓✓A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other
newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them,
and distributes them to other parts of the cell. (UPS of the cell)
• Ribosomes -✓✓site of protein synthesis where amino acids are
covalently bonded to one another by peptide bonds to for a
protein/polypeptide
,• Lysosomes -✓✓cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break
down certain materials in the cell
• chloroplast -✓✓organelle found in cells of plants and some other
organisms such as algae that captures the energy from sunlight and
converts it into chemical energy during photosynthesis
• Mitochondria -✓✓Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production due to aerobic cellular respiration occurring
here
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water vapor + 38 ATP
• cell wall -✓✓strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in
some cells such as plants, fungus, and bacteria (non-living and provides
shape, support, and protection)
• Difference between prokaryote and eukaryotic cells -✓✓Prokaryote
cells have no nucleus in which to hold their DNA
• Similarities between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells -✓✓Each of
these cell types contain DNA, a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and
ribosomes
• Difference between plant and animal cells -✓✓Plant cells have a
larger central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts
, • Differences between viruses and bacteria -✓✓-Bacteria are cells,
viruses are genetic material surrounded by a protein coat (called a
capsid)
-Bacteria are usually much larger than viruses
-Bacteria can grow and reproduce independently, whereas viruses
require a host cell to reproduce.
Viruses are non-living particles
• Homeostasis -✓✓A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant
internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as
blood glucose or body temperature at a particular level
• Binary fission -✓✓A form of asexual reproduction in which one
bacteria cell divides to form two identical cells.
• carbohydrates -✓✓the starches and sugars present in foods
• polysaccharides -✓✓Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
simple sugars such as glucose. Examples:
starch (plant energy storage) glycogen (animal energy storage in muscle
and liver cells) and cellulose (plant cell walls)
