EMS1055 Final Exam with Accurate
Solutions
carotid pulse - ANS-the pulse felt along the large carotid artery on either side of the
neck. Blood pressure is at least 60 systolic
Know how to read a blood pressure. - ANS-"Typical" BP is 120/80. The top number is
the systolic BP (contraction), and the bottom number is the diastolic BP (relaxation).
Low blood pressure is never a good sign.
femoral pulse - ANS-Pulse felt on either side of the groin; Femoral artery. blood
pressure is at least 70 systolic.
brachial pulse - ANS-the pulse felt in the upper arm. (often used for infants.)
radial pulse - ANS-the pulse felt at the wrist. blood pressure is at least 80 systolic.
pedal pulse - ANS-The pulse rate obtained on the top of the foot. blood pressure is at
least 90-100 systolic
when to use diff O2 delivery device - ANS-BVM: patient is unresponsive and needs high
flow (apply 10-15 LPM)
NRBM: patient is conscious and needs high flow (10-15 LPM)
NC: only need low flow (2-6 LPM)
venturi: special percentage, 2-11 LPM
how to open airway - ANS-head tilt chin lift-
*do not perform on suspected c-spine injury
jaw thrust maneuver- *use if you suspect a neck injury and tilt head to slight sniffing
position or neutral position. use thumbs to pull down lower jaw.
OPA (oropharyngeal airway) - ANS-Oral airway
Used to maintain or open a patient's airway. It does this by preventing the tongue from
covering the epiglottis.
*used in patients with no gag reflex
, *measure from the edge of the mouth to the angle of the jaw to determine the correct
size .
*insert with the tip pointing to the top of the head then rotate 180 degrees until position
NPA (nasal trumpet) - ANS--can use on patients with a gag reflex
-patients who are snoring or have ETOH are common
-measure from the nare to the tip of the earlobe
-use surgical lube to help with insertion
- right nare is usually largest
know how to use suction - ANS-Suction when the tube is being withdrawn and never for
more than 15 seconds at a time.
You can try to suction away an obstruction if you believe it is possible.
topographic anatomy - ANS-Anterior (or ventral): front of the body
Posterior (or dorsal): back of the body
Superior: On top
Inferior: Under
Proximal: close to the area of attachment
Distal: far from the area of attachment
Golden Hour - ANS-the 60-minute period after a severe injury; it is the maximum
acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured
trauma patient.
Supine positioning - ANS-Lying on their back with the head and shoulders NOT raised.
Which, can raise the risk of aspiration. basically laying flat.
prone position - ANS-lying on abdomen, facing downward (head may be turned to one
side)
Trendenlenburg Position - ANS-person is lying flat and supine, with feet a little elevated
above the head
Fowler's position - ANS-30 degrees is the optimal airway position.
Glasgow Coma Scale - ANS-eyes, verbal, motor
Max- 15 pts, below 8= coma
decorticate posturing v. decerebrate posturing - ANS-decorticate - arms inwards
towards chest (abnormal flexion)
decerebrate - arms outwards towards chest (abnormal extension)
stridor - ANS-strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in
the pharynx or larynx. sounds like whale. sign of upper airway obstruction or epiglottitis
Solutions
carotid pulse - ANS-the pulse felt along the large carotid artery on either side of the
neck. Blood pressure is at least 60 systolic
Know how to read a blood pressure. - ANS-"Typical" BP is 120/80. The top number is
the systolic BP (contraction), and the bottom number is the diastolic BP (relaxation).
Low blood pressure is never a good sign.
femoral pulse - ANS-Pulse felt on either side of the groin; Femoral artery. blood
pressure is at least 70 systolic.
brachial pulse - ANS-the pulse felt in the upper arm. (often used for infants.)
radial pulse - ANS-the pulse felt at the wrist. blood pressure is at least 80 systolic.
pedal pulse - ANS-The pulse rate obtained on the top of the foot. blood pressure is at
least 90-100 systolic
when to use diff O2 delivery device - ANS-BVM: patient is unresponsive and needs high
flow (apply 10-15 LPM)
NRBM: patient is conscious and needs high flow (10-15 LPM)
NC: only need low flow (2-6 LPM)
venturi: special percentage, 2-11 LPM
how to open airway - ANS-head tilt chin lift-
*do not perform on suspected c-spine injury
jaw thrust maneuver- *use if you suspect a neck injury and tilt head to slight sniffing
position or neutral position. use thumbs to pull down lower jaw.
OPA (oropharyngeal airway) - ANS-Oral airway
Used to maintain or open a patient's airway. It does this by preventing the tongue from
covering the epiglottis.
*used in patients with no gag reflex
, *measure from the edge of the mouth to the angle of the jaw to determine the correct
size .
*insert with the tip pointing to the top of the head then rotate 180 degrees until position
NPA (nasal trumpet) - ANS--can use on patients with a gag reflex
-patients who are snoring or have ETOH are common
-measure from the nare to the tip of the earlobe
-use surgical lube to help with insertion
- right nare is usually largest
know how to use suction - ANS-Suction when the tube is being withdrawn and never for
more than 15 seconds at a time.
You can try to suction away an obstruction if you believe it is possible.
topographic anatomy - ANS-Anterior (or ventral): front of the body
Posterior (or dorsal): back of the body
Superior: On top
Inferior: Under
Proximal: close to the area of attachment
Distal: far from the area of attachment
Golden Hour - ANS-the 60-minute period after a severe injury; it is the maximum
acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured
trauma patient.
Supine positioning - ANS-Lying on their back with the head and shoulders NOT raised.
Which, can raise the risk of aspiration. basically laying flat.
prone position - ANS-lying on abdomen, facing downward (head may be turned to one
side)
Trendenlenburg Position - ANS-person is lying flat and supine, with feet a little elevated
above the head
Fowler's position - ANS-30 degrees is the optimal airway position.
Glasgow Coma Scale - ANS-eyes, verbal, motor
Max- 15 pts, below 8= coma
decorticate posturing v. decerebrate posturing - ANS-decorticate - arms inwards
towards chest (abnormal flexion)
decerebrate - arms outwards towards chest (abnormal extension)
stridor - ANS-strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in
the pharynx or larynx. sounds like whale. sign of upper airway obstruction or epiglottitis
