NSG 4800 Final Exam V2 | NSG 4800
Transition To Professional Nursing
Practice | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG4800 Final Exam) | Galen
1. A nurse manager is discussing the five rights of delegation with a new graduate nurse.
Which of the following tasks should the manager identify as appropriate for an assistive
personnel (AP)?
A. Evaluating a patient’s response to pain medication
B. Teaching a patient how to use an incentive spirometer
C. Performing postmortem care on a deceased patient
D. Assessing a patient’s surgical incision for signs of infection
Correct Answer: C
Postmortem care is a task that falls within the scope of practice for assistive personnel as
it involves routine physical care of the body. Evaluation, assessment, and teaching are all
clinical activities that require the specialized judgment and knowledge of a licensed nurse.
Nurses must always ensure that the task matches the skill level and job description of the
person to whom it is delegated.
2. Which of the following elements are required to prove professional negligence in a court of
law? (Select all that apply.)
A. Duty to provide care
,B. Breach of duty
C. Injury or damage occurred
D. Causal relationship between breach and injury
E. Intent to harm the patient
F. Presence of a witness during the event
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
To establish professional negligence or malpractice, four specific legal elements must be
proven by the plaintiff. There must be a duty to the patient, a failure to meet the standard
of care (breach), a resulting injury, and a direct link where the breach caused the injury.
Intent to harm is not a requirement for negligence, as negligence often involves
unintentional errors or omissions.
3. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is prioritizing care for a group of patients. Which patient
should the nurse see first?
A. A patient who was admitted for observation after a syncopal episode 24 hours ago.
B. A patient with a history of heart failure who has 2+ pitting edema in the lower
extremities.
C. A patient with diabetes mellitus who has a fasting blood glucose level of 150 mg/dL.
D. A patient who is 12 hours postoperative and reports sudden onset of shortness of breath
and chest pain.
,Correct Answer: D
The nurse must use the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) framework to prioritize
patient care. Sudden onset of shortness of breath and chest pain in a postoperative patient
are clinical indicators of a potential pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening
emergency. The other patients are stable or showing expected findings for their conditions
and do not require immediate intervention.
4. A nurse is working on a unit that uses a democratic leadership style. Which of the following
characteristics should the nurse expect from the leader?
A. The leader encourages staff participation in decision-making and values communication.
B. The leader provides little to no direction and allows the staff to function autonomously.
C. The leader makes all decisions independently without consulting the staff.
D. The leader uses threats and coercion to ensure that organizational goals are met.
Correct Answer: A
Democratic leadership is characterized by a participative approach where the leader
involves the team in setting goals and making decisions. This style fosters a sense of
ownership and high morale among staff members, although it can sometimes slow down
the decision-making process. In contrast, autocratic leaders make decisions alone, and
laissez-faire leaders offer minimal guidance.
, 5. Which of the following components must be included when obtaining informed consent for
a surgical procedure? (Select all that apply.)
A. Description of the procedure and who will perform it
B. Explanation of the risks and benefits of the procedure
C. Discussion of alternative treatments and their risks
D. The right of the patient to refuse the procedure even after consent is given
E. The estimated cost of the procedure including hospital stay
F. A guarantee of the procedure’s success or total recovery
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Informed consent is a legal process where the provider must explain the nature of the
treatment, the purpose, and the associated risks and benefits. It also requires a discussion
of alternatives and the explicit understanding that the patient can withdraw consent at any
time. Financial costs and outcome guarantees are not standard requirements for clinical
informed consent forms.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. The
nurse supports the patient’s decision even though the nurse believes the transfusion is
necessary. Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
Transition To Professional Nursing
Practice | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG4800 Final Exam) | Galen
1. A nurse manager is discussing the five rights of delegation with a new graduate nurse.
Which of the following tasks should the manager identify as appropriate for an assistive
personnel (AP)?
A. Evaluating a patient’s response to pain medication
B. Teaching a patient how to use an incentive spirometer
C. Performing postmortem care on a deceased patient
D. Assessing a patient’s surgical incision for signs of infection
Correct Answer: C
Postmortem care is a task that falls within the scope of practice for assistive personnel as
it involves routine physical care of the body. Evaluation, assessment, and teaching are all
clinical activities that require the specialized judgment and knowledge of a licensed nurse.
Nurses must always ensure that the task matches the skill level and job description of the
person to whom it is delegated.
2. Which of the following elements are required to prove professional negligence in a court of
law? (Select all that apply.)
A. Duty to provide care
,B. Breach of duty
C. Injury or damage occurred
D. Causal relationship between breach and injury
E. Intent to harm the patient
F. Presence of a witness during the event
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
To establish professional negligence or malpractice, four specific legal elements must be
proven by the plaintiff. There must be a duty to the patient, a failure to meet the standard
of care (breach), a resulting injury, and a direct link where the breach caused the injury.
Intent to harm is not a requirement for negligence, as negligence often involves
unintentional errors or omissions.
3. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is prioritizing care for a group of patients. Which patient
should the nurse see first?
A. A patient who was admitted for observation after a syncopal episode 24 hours ago.
B. A patient with a history of heart failure who has 2+ pitting edema in the lower
extremities.
C. A patient with diabetes mellitus who has a fasting blood glucose level of 150 mg/dL.
D. A patient who is 12 hours postoperative and reports sudden onset of shortness of breath
and chest pain.
,Correct Answer: D
The nurse must use the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) framework to prioritize
patient care. Sudden onset of shortness of breath and chest pain in a postoperative patient
are clinical indicators of a potential pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening
emergency. The other patients are stable or showing expected findings for their conditions
and do not require immediate intervention.
4. A nurse is working on a unit that uses a democratic leadership style. Which of the following
characteristics should the nurse expect from the leader?
A. The leader encourages staff participation in decision-making and values communication.
B. The leader provides little to no direction and allows the staff to function autonomously.
C. The leader makes all decisions independently without consulting the staff.
D. The leader uses threats and coercion to ensure that organizational goals are met.
Correct Answer: A
Democratic leadership is characterized by a participative approach where the leader
involves the team in setting goals and making decisions. This style fosters a sense of
ownership and high morale among staff members, although it can sometimes slow down
the decision-making process. In contrast, autocratic leaders make decisions alone, and
laissez-faire leaders offer minimal guidance.
, 5. Which of the following components must be included when obtaining informed consent for
a surgical procedure? (Select all that apply.)
A. Description of the procedure and who will perform it
B. Explanation of the risks and benefits of the procedure
C. Discussion of alternative treatments and their risks
D. The right of the patient to refuse the procedure even after consent is given
E. The estimated cost of the procedure including hospital stay
F. A guarantee of the procedure’s success or total recovery
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Informed consent is a legal process where the provider must explain the nature of the
treatment, the purpose, and the associated risks and benefits. It also requires a discussion
of alternatives and the explicit understanding that the patient can withdraw consent at any
time. Financial costs and outcome guarantees are not standard requirements for clinical
informed consent forms.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. The
nurse supports the patient’s decision even though the nurse believes the transfusion is
necessary. Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
