EXAM WITH ACTUALQUESTIONS AND RELIABLE
ANSWERS , GUARANTEED PASS
Question 1: A measurement scale that uses names or categories without ordering them is called:
A) Ordinal scale
B) Interval scale
C) Nominal scale
D) Ratio scale
Answer: C
Rationale: A nominal scale categorizes data into groups or categories without any inherent order (e.g.,
vehicle types, gender, political affiliation). Ordinal scales have order, interval scales have equal spacing,
and ratio scales have a true zero point.
Question 2: A measurement scale that uses categories in a certain order is called:
A) Nominal scale
B) Ordinal scale
C) Interval scale
D) Ratio scale
Answer: B
Rationale: An ordinal scale categorizes data with a meaningful order (e.g., rankings, education levels,
Likert scales). However, the differences between categories are not necessarily equal.
Question 3: A numerical measurement scale that is evenly spaced between increments and has no true
zero point is called:
A) Nominal scale
B) Ordinal scale
C) Interval scale
D) Ratio scale
Answer: C
Rationale: An interval scale has equal intervals between values but no true zero point (e.g., temperature
in Fahrenheit, time on a 12-hour clock). A ratio scale has a meaningful zero point.
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,Question 4: An interval measurement scale with a zero value that represents the complete absence of
the variable being measured is called:
A) Nominal scale
B) Ordinal scale
C) Interval scale
D) Ratio scale
Answer: D
Rationale: A ratio scale has equal intervals and a true zero point (e.g., height, weight, income). This
allows for meaningful ratios (e.g., 10 kg is twice as heavy as 5 kg).
Question 5: Which of the following is an example of an interval scale?
A) Gender (male/female)
B) Education level (high school, college, graduate)
C) Time on a 12-hour clock
D) Income in dollars
Answer: C
Rationale: Time on a 12-hour clock is an interval scale because the differences between times are
meaningful, but there is no true zero point. Gender is nominal, education level is ordinal, and income is
ratio.
Question 6: Numbers that can only be zero or one are called:
A) Integers
B) Real numbers
C) Binary numbers
D) Continuous variables
Answer: C
Rationale: Binary numbers are restricted to two values: 0 and 1. This is commonly used in statistics for
dummy coding or binary outcomes (e.g., yes/no, success/failure).
Question 7: Whole numbers that do not have decimals or fractions are called:
A) Binary numbers
B) Integers
C) Real numbers
D) Continuous variables
Answer: B
Rationale: Integers are whole numbers without decimal or fractional parts (e.g., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3). They
can be positive, negative, or zero.
Question 8: Numbers that include a decimal or fraction portion are called:
A) Integers
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,B) Binary numbers
C) Real numbers
D) Discrete variables
Answer: C
Rationale: Real numbers include all numbers that can be represented on the number line, including
integers, fractions, and decimals. They are continuous in nature.
Question 9: A variable with countable values, such as whole numbers, is called:
A) Continuous variable
B) Discrete variable
C) Interval variable
D) Ratio variable
Answer: B
Rationale: A discrete variable has countable, distinct values (e.g., number of children, number of cars).
You cannot have 2.5 children—it must be a whole number.
Question 10: A variable with infinite possible values that can be measured is called:
A) Discrete variable
B) Nominal variable
C) Continuous variable
D) Ordinal variable
Answer: C
Rationale: A continuous variable can take on any value within a range (e.g., weight, height,
temperature). These values can be measured to any level of precision.
Question 11: Weight of a soil sample is an example of:
A) Discrete variable
B) Continuous variable
C) Nominal variable
D) Ordinal variable
Answer: B
Rationale: Weight is a continuous variable because it can take on any value within a range (e.g., 5.2 kg,
5.23 kg, 5.234 kg). It is measured, not counted.
Question 12: The entire group or collection that a researcher is attempting to study is called the:
A) Sample
B) Statistic
C) Population
D) Parameter
Answer: C
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, Rationale: The population is the complete set of individuals or items of interest in a study. A sample is a
subset of the population used to make inferences about the population.
Question 13: A manageable subset of the population is called a:
A) Population
B) Parameter
C) Statistic
D) Sample
Answer: D
Rationale: A sample is a subset of the population that is selected for study. It is used to estimate
population parameters because studying the entire population is often impractical.
Question 14: A numeric data summary that describes a population is called a:
A) Statistic
B) Sample
C) Parameter
D) Variable
Answer: C
Rationale: A parameter is a numerical characteristic of a population (e.g., population mean, population
proportion). A statistic is a numerical characteristic of a sample.
Question 15: A numeric data summary that describes a sample is called a:
A) Parameter
B) Statistic
C) Population
D) Variable
Answer: B
Rationale: A statistic is a numerical characteristic of a sample (e.g., sample mean, sample proportion). It
is used to estimate the corresponding population parameter.
Question 16: Every member of the population has an equal probability of being chosen in which
sampling method?
A) Stratified sampling
B) Cluster sampling
C) Simple random sampling
D) Convenience sampling
Answer: C
Rationale: Simple random sampling gives every member of the population an equal chance of selection,
such as drawing names from a hat or using a random number generator.
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