BIOD 171 MODULE 1 MICROBIOLOGY
COMPLETE REVIEW SET WITH PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy
by converting _____ energy into _______ energy.
Answer: Light (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
◉ True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability
of colonies to form tissue layers.
Answer: True
◉ Cell walls are found in which of the following (select all that
apply):
A. Plants
B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Mammalian cells
E. Algae
Answer: A, B, C, E
◉ The function of the ribosome is (select all that apply):
,A. Lipid synthesis
B. Protein synthesis
C. To produce energy (ATP)
D. Protein modification and distribution
E. Waste disposal via hydrolytic enzymes
Answer: B
◉ KNOW PICTURE
Answer: KNOW PICTURE
◉ True or false: metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical
reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life.
Answer: True
◉ True or false: enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve
energy
Answer: false, they speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions
◉ The term for metal ions that assist enzymes during the catalysis
reaction
Answer: cofactors
,◉ What is catabolism?
Answer: The process of breaking down larger molecules into useful
energy sources
◉ Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during
the growth and repair phases of the cell.
Answer: anabolism
◉ An organism that obtains its energy (derives ATP) from photons
of light is called a __________________
Answer: phototrophic microorganism
◉ An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from
elemental sulfur would be classified as a ____________
Answer: Lithotroph
◉ Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ADP and ATP
Answer: ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate, and ADP
can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can
be dephosphorylated (ATP-----> ADP + Pi), while ADP can be
dephosphorylated into ATP (ADP + Pi -----> ATP)
◉ This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of
chemotropic eukaryotes
, Answer: oxidative phosphorylation
◉ The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what
three transitions
Answer: The breakdown of glucose goes through 1. glycolysis 2.
fermentation or respiration and then 3. electron transport chain ETC
◉ True or false: in the absence of absence of oxygen fermentation
produces 2 ATP
Answer: false
◉ what is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle select
Answer: NADH and FADH2
◉ True or false: in the absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2
ATP
Answer: False, it does not produce any additional ATP
◉ True or false: the reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel
the electron transport system
Answer: False
◉ What are the main two roles of glucose 6 - phosphate in the cell?
COMPLETE REVIEW SET WITH PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy
by converting _____ energy into _______ energy.
Answer: Light (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
◉ True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability
of colonies to form tissue layers.
Answer: True
◉ Cell walls are found in which of the following (select all that
apply):
A. Plants
B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Mammalian cells
E. Algae
Answer: A, B, C, E
◉ The function of the ribosome is (select all that apply):
,A. Lipid synthesis
B. Protein synthesis
C. To produce energy (ATP)
D. Protein modification and distribution
E. Waste disposal via hydrolytic enzymes
Answer: B
◉ KNOW PICTURE
Answer: KNOW PICTURE
◉ True or false: metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical
reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life.
Answer: True
◉ True or false: enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve
energy
Answer: false, they speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions
◉ The term for metal ions that assist enzymes during the catalysis
reaction
Answer: cofactors
,◉ What is catabolism?
Answer: The process of breaking down larger molecules into useful
energy sources
◉ Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during
the growth and repair phases of the cell.
Answer: anabolism
◉ An organism that obtains its energy (derives ATP) from photons
of light is called a __________________
Answer: phototrophic microorganism
◉ An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from
elemental sulfur would be classified as a ____________
Answer: Lithotroph
◉ Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ADP and ATP
Answer: ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate, and ADP
can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can
be dephosphorylated (ATP-----> ADP + Pi), while ADP can be
dephosphorylated into ATP (ADP + Pi -----> ATP)
◉ This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of
chemotropic eukaryotes
, Answer: oxidative phosphorylation
◉ The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what
three transitions
Answer: The breakdown of glucose goes through 1. glycolysis 2.
fermentation or respiration and then 3. electron transport chain ETC
◉ True or false: in the absence of absence of oxygen fermentation
produces 2 ATP
Answer: false
◉ what is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle select
Answer: NADH and FADH2
◉ True or false: in the absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2
ATP
Answer: False, it does not produce any additional ATP
◉ True or false: the reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel
the electron transport system
Answer: False
◉ What are the main two roles of glucose 6 - phosphate in the cell?
