ORTHOPEDIC UPDATED FINAL EXAMS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Comminuted fracture - ✔✔Bone is broken or splintered into pieces.
✔✔Complete fracture - ✔✔Neither bone fragment is connected to the other; the break
interupts the continuity of bone.
✔✔Compound fracture - ✔✔An external wound that leads down to the site of the
fracture or fragments of bone protruding through the skin; open fracture.
✔✔Condyle - ✔✔Rounded projection at the end of a bone forming an articulation.
✔✔Diaphysis - ✔✔The shaft or middle part of a long, cylindrical bone.
✔✔Endosteum - ✔✔Membrane lining in the medullary cavity of a bone.
✔✔Epiphysis - ✔✔A center for ossification at the ends of a long bone.
✔✔Fracture - ✔✔A break in a bone.
,✔✔Greenstick fracture - ✔✔A fracture in which bone is partially bent and partially
broken.
✔✔De Quervain's Disease - ✔✔Inflammation of the tendon sheath of the thumb.
✔✔Dupuytren's contracture - ✔✔Abnormal formation of connective tissue of the palmar
fascia causing the ring and little fingers to bend into the palm.
✔✔Exostosis - ✔✔Bony growth on the surface of a bone.
✔✔External fixation - ✔✔The use of devices, such as pins, in fractured bone segments
to keep them in place.
✔✔Fasciectomy - ✔✔Excision of strips of fascia.
✔✔Faciotomy - ✔✔Surgical incision and division of fascia.
✔✔Foramen - ✔✔A hole in a bone for the passage of vessels.
✔✔Fossa - ✔✔Shallow depression.
✔✔Hallux Valgus - ✔✔Displacement of the great toe toward the other toes.
✔✔Hammer Toe - ✔✔A toe with dorsal flexion of the first phalanx and planter flexion of
the second and third phalanges.
✔✔Impacted - ✔✔A fracture in which the ends of the bones are wedged together.
✔✔Incomplete fracture - ✔✔The line of break does not include the whole bone; the
break is partial and some of the bones are still intact. Also known as a greenstick FX.
✔✔Insertion - ✔✔Movable attachment of the distal end of a muscle; it produces shape
changes or movement when the muscle contracts.
✔✔Internal fixation - ✔✔The use of internal wires, screws, or pins applied directly to
bone segments to keep them in place.
✔✔Joint cavity - ✔✔Space enclosed by the synovial membrane and articular cartilages;
contains synovial fluid.
✔✔Kirschner wire - ✔✔Steel wire placed through a bone in order to apply traction.
✔✔Laminectomy - ✔✔Excision of a vertebral posterior arch.
, ✔✔Luxation - ✔✔Dislocation of a joint; displacement of articular surfaces.
✔✔Malunion - ✔✔Growth of the fragments of a fractured bone in a faulty postition,
forming an imperfect union.
✔✔Marrow - ✔✔Soft tissue occupying the medullary cavity of many bones.
✔✔Medullary cavity - ✔✔The space within the diaphysis of a bone that contains
marrow.
✔✔Open reduction - ✔✔Use of surgery to place bones in their position.
✔✔ORIF - ✔✔Open reduction, internal fixation: surgical treatment of bone fracture by
placing the bones in their proper postition using internal wires, screws, or pins applied
directly to fractured bone segments to keep them in place.
✔✔Osteochondritis - ✔✔Inflammation of bone and cartilage.
✔✔Osteomyelitis - ✔✔Inflammation of bone, especially the marrow, caused by a
pathogenic organism.
✔✔Osteoporosis - ✔✔Disease process that results in reduction in the mass of bone per
unit of volume.
✔✔Osteotomy - ✔✔Surgical cutting through bone.
✔✔Palmar - ✔✔Concerning the palm of the hand.
✔✔Spiral fracture - ✔✔Fracture that follows the helical line.
✔✔Subluxation - ✔✔A partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint.
✔✔Transverse fracture - ✔✔Fracture line is perpendicular to the long axis of the bone.
✔✔The term for surgical fixation or immobilization of a joint is... - ✔✔Arthrodesis.
✔✔Direct visualization into a joint is called... - ✔✔Arthroscopy.
✔✔The bony growth on a surface on the bone is called... - ✔✔Exotosis.
✔✔ANATOMY - ✔✔The following terms are referring to the anatomy in Orthopedics.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Comminuted fracture - ✔✔Bone is broken or splintered into pieces.
✔✔Complete fracture - ✔✔Neither bone fragment is connected to the other; the break
interupts the continuity of bone.
✔✔Compound fracture - ✔✔An external wound that leads down to the site of the
fracture or fragments of bone protruding through the skin; open fracture.
✔✔Condyle - ✔✔Rounded projection at the end of a bone forming an articulation.
✔✔Diaphysis - ✔✔The shaft or middle part of a long, cylindrical bone.
✔✔Endosteum - ✔✔Membrane lining in the medullary cavity of a bone.
✔✔Epiphysis - ✔✔A center for ossification at the ends of a long bone.
✔✔Fracture - ✔✔A break in a bone.
,✔✔Greenstick fracture - ✔✔A fracture in which bone is partially bent and partially
broken.
✔✔De Quervain's Disease - ✔✔Inflammation of the tendon sheath of the thumb.
✔✔Dupuytren's contracture - ✔✔Abnormal formation of connective tissue of the palmar
fascia causing the ring and little fingers to bend into the palm.
✔✔Exostosis - ✔✔Bony growth on the surface of a bone.
✔✔External fixation - ✔✔The use of devices, such as pins, in fractured bone segments
to keep them in place.
✔✔Fasciectomy - ✔✔Excision of strips of fascia.
✔✔Faciotomy - ✔✔Surgical incision and division of fascia.
✔✔Foramen - ✔✔A hole in a bone for the passage of vessels.
✔✔Fossa - ✔✔Shallow depression.
✔✔Hallux Valgus - ✔✔Displacement of the great toe toward the other toes.
✔✔Hammer Toe - ✔✔A toe with dorsal flexion of the first phalanx and planter flexion of
the second and third phalanges.
✔✔Impacted - ✔✔A fracture in which the ends of the bones are wedged together.
✔✔Incomplete fracture - ✔✔The line of break does not include the whole bone; the
break is partial and some of the bones are still intact. Also known as a greenstick FX.
✔✔Insertion - ✔✔Movable attachment of the distal end of a muscle; it produces shape
changes or movement when the muscle contracts.
✔✔Internal fixation - ✔✔The use of internal wires, screws, or pins applied directly to
bone segments to keep them in place.
✔✔Joint cavity - ✔✔Space enclosed by the synovial membrane and articular cartilages;
contains synovial fluid.
✔✔Kirschner wire - ✔✔Steel wire placed through a bone in order to apply traction.
✔✔Laminectomy - ✔✔Excision of a vertebral posterior arch.
, ✔✔Luxation - ✔✔Dislocation of a joint; displacement of articular surfaces.
✔✔Malunion - ✔✔Growth of the fragments of a fractured bone in a faulty postition,
forming an imperfect union.
✔✔Marrow - ✔✔Soft tissue occupying the medullary cavity of many bones.
✔✔Medullary cavity - ✔✔The space within the diaphysis of a bone that contains
marrow.
✔✔Open reduction - ✔✔Use of surgery to place bones in their position.
✔✔ORIF - ✔✔Open reduction, internal fixation: surgical treatment of bone fracture by
placing the bones in their proper postition using internal wires, screws, or pins applied
directly to fractured bone segments to keep them in place.
✔✔Osteochondritis - ✔✔Inflammation of bone and cartilage.
✔✔Osteomyelitis - ✔✔Inflammation of bone, especially the marrow, caused by a
pathogenic organism.
✔✔Osteoporosis - ✔✔Disease process that results in reduction in the mass of bone per
unit of volume.
✔✔Osteotomy - ✔✔Surgical cutting through bone.
✔✔Palmar - ✔✔Concerning the palm of the hand.
✔✔Spiral fracture - ✔✔Fracture that follows the helical line.
✔✔Subluxation - ✔✔A partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint.
✔✔Transverse fracture - ✔✔Fracture line is perpendicular to the long axis of the bone.
✔✔The term for surgical fixation or immobilization of a joint is... - ✔✔Arthrodesis.
✔✔Direct visualization into a joint is called... - ✔✔Arthroscopy.
✔✔The bony growth on a surface on the bone is called... - ✔✔Exotosis.
✔✔ANATOMY - ✔✔The following terms are referring to the anatomy in Orthopedics.
