CPAN CORE MAIN EXAMS ALL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔ketamine - ✔✔induction agent: hypnotics - dissociative agent
✔✔Clonidine
Dexmedetomidine - ✔✔induction agent: hypnotics - alpha2 agonists
✔✔diazepam
midazolam
lorazepam - ✔✔induction agent: hypnotics - benzos
✔✔methohexital (Brevital) - ✔✔induction agent: barbiturate
-most commonly used for ECTs
-short acting, quick induction and recovery
-amnesia, no analgesia
-dose dependent for CNS function
-lowers seizure threshold
-burns via IV admin
✔✔etomidate (Amidate) - ✔✔induction agent: non barbiturate
-very short acting
-hypnotic, no analgesia
, -high therapeutic and safety level
-low SV effects
-great for emergency cases where there is little time for fluid replacement/risk of high
EBL
-laryngospasm, cough, hiccups may occur
✔✔propofol (Diprovan) - ✔✔induction agent: non barbiturate
-short acting, rapid onset and emergence
-no analgesia
-cont or intermittent dosing
-dec cerebral perfusion, blood flow, ICP
-significant hypotension on induction
less nausea/vomiting
✔✔ketamine - ✔✔induction agent: dissociative agent
-excellent analgesia; selectively blocks pain conduction/perception
-produces profound state of unconsciousness
-subanesthetic doses or combo with other drugs good for opioid sparing action and side
effects
-lower doses rare CNS effects
✔✔dexmedetomidine (Precedex) - ✔✔induction agent: alpha2 agonist
-produces cooperative sedation, pain relief, anxiety reduction, stable resp rates
-commonly used in MAC and ICU sedation
-mostly used as cont infusion
✔✔midazolam (Versed) - ✔✔induction agent: benzo
-used as premed and sedation with regional
-reduction in anxiety, profound amnesia
-no effect on ICP
-hypnotic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant
-dec BP, SVR
-inc HR
-use in caution with MI, COPD
✔✔Flumazenol (Romazicon) - ✔✔benzo antagonist that antagonizes sedation,
amnesia, psychomotor impairment and resp depression
✔✔resedation - ✔✔Since flumazenil has a shorter duration than benzos, monitor for this
✔✔seizure, chronic benzo use - ✔✔caution use of flumazenil in patients with these
conditions
✔✔nitrous oxide - ✔✔Inhalation agent:
-odorless/sweet smelling
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔ketamine - ✔✔induction agent: hypnotics - dissociative agent
✔✔Clonidine
Dexmedetomidine - ✔✔induction agent: hypnotics - alpha2 agonists
✔✔diazepam
midazolam
lorazepam - ✔✔induction agent: hypnotics - benzos
✔✔methohexital (Brevital) - ✔✔induction agent: barbiturate
-most commonly used for ECTs
-short acting, quick induction and recovery
-amnesia, no analgesia
-dose dependent for CNS function
-lowers seizure threshold
-burns via IV admin
✔✔etomidate (Amidate) - ✔✔induction agent: non barbiturate
-very short acting
-hypnotic, no analgesia
, -high therapeutic and safety level
-low SV effects
-great for emergency cases where there is little time for fluid replacement/risk of high
EBL
-laryngospasm, cough, hiccups may occur
✔✔propofol (Diprovan) - ✔✔induction agent: non barbiturate
-short acting, rapid onset and emergence
-no analgesia
-cont or intermittent dosing
-dec cerebral perfusion, blood flow, ICP
-significant hypotension on induction
less nausea/vomiting
✔✔ketamine - ✔✔induction agent: dissociative agent
-excellent analgesia; selectively blocks pain conduction/perception
-produces profound state of unconsciousness
-subanesthetic doses or combo with other drugs good for opioid sparing action and side
effects
-lower doses rare CNS effects
✔✔dexmedetomidine (Precedex) - ✔✔induction agent: alpha2 agonist
-produces cooperative sedation, pain relief, anxiety reduction, stable resp rates
-commonly used in MAC and ICU sedation
-mostly used as cont infusion
✔✔midazolam (Versed) - ✔✔induction agent: benzo
-used as premed and sedation with regional
-reduction in anxiety, profound amnesia
-no effect on ICP
-hypnotic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant
-dec BP, SVR
-inc HR
-use in caution with MI, COPD
✔✔Flumazenol (Romazicon) - ✔✔benzo antagonist that antagonizes sedation,
amnesia, psychomotor impairment and resp depression
✔✔resedation - ✔✔Since flumazenil has a shorter duration than benzos, monitor for this
✔✔seizure, chronic benzo use - ✔✔caution use of flumazenil in patients with these
conditions
✔✔nitrous oxide - ✔✔Inhalation agent:
-odorless/sweet smelling
