CNSC 2026 EXAMINERS SET ALL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔The most predominant clinical change seen with essential fatty acid deficiency
(EFAD) is
1: a dry, scaly rash.
2: increased susceptibility to infection.
3: impaired wound healing.
4: weight gain. - ✔✔1: a dry, scaly rash.
✔✔The energy for glucose transport is provided by active transport of
1: potassium into the cell.
2: potassium out of the cell.
3: sodium into the cell.
4: sodium out of the cell. - ✔✔4: sodium out of the cell.
✔✔A 32-year-old female presents to the clinic seeking treatment for a sunburn-like
rash. She also reports that she feels very sad and has no energy. Which of the following
deficiencies should be considered?
,1: Vitamin A
2: Vitamin K
3: Lipid
4: Protein - ✔✔4: Protein
✔✔Ursodiol facilitates absorption of
1: carbohydrate.
2: protein.
3: fat.
4: vitamin K. - ✔✔3: fat.
✔✔A 62-year-old female with impaired renal function was prescribed
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim for a urinary tract infection. What electrolyte disorder is
likely to occur?
1: Hypermagnesemia
2: Hyperkalemia
3: Hypercalcemia
4: Hyperphosphatemia - ✔✔2: Hyperkalemia
✔✔First-line therapy for hyperkalemic emergencies is
1: hemodialysis.
2: regular insulin with dextrose.
3: calcium gluconate.
4: furosemide. - ✔✔3: calcium gluconate.
✔✔AF has had a nasogastric tube to suction for 48 hours secondary to a post-operative
ileus. Which of the following electrolytes will be lost?
1: Bicarbonate
2: Potassium
3: Calcium
4: Phosphorus - ✔✔2: Potassium
✔✔A patient in your intensive care unit has severe diarrhea secondary to clostridium
difficile toxin. Which of the following acid-base disorders is likely to occur?
, 1: Metabolic acidosis
2: Metabolic alkalosis
3: Respiratory acidosis
4: Respiratory alkalosis - ✔✔1: Metabolic acidosis
Diarrhea induces gastrointestinal losses of bicarbonate and can cause a metabolic
acidosis (normal anion gap).
✔✔Metastatic calcification is a complication of
1: hyperkalemia.
2: hypokalemia.
3: hyperphosphatemia.
4: hypophosphatemia. - ✔✔3: hyperphosphatemia.
✔✔Which of the following children is at greatest risk for iron deficiency anemia?
1: 4 month-old term infant exclusively fed human milk
2: 4 month corrected gestational age, former preemie on a transitional formula
3: 10 month-old switched from formula to whole milk
4: 17 month-old \"picky eater\" - ✔✔3: 10 month-old switched from formula to whole
milk
Infants exclusively fed human milk require an iron supplement starting at 4-6 months of
age. Transitional infant formulas are fortified with sufficient iron to meet the needs of
infants with a history of prematurity. The iron content of cow's milk is inadequate and not
efficiently absorbed by infants.
✔✔An obese 12-year-old female is admitted to the hospital for an evaluation of sleep
apnea. A diet history reveals that she drinks three cans of soda, 24 ounces of juice, and
8 ounces of chocolate milk daily. In what mineral may she be deficient?
1: Calcium
2: Phosphorus
3: Selenium
4: Potassium - ✔✔1: Calcium
Past studies indicate that increased intake of juices, sodas, and sweetened beverages
have placed children at higher risk for deficiencies in minerals such as magnesium and
calcium. Drinking three 8 ounce glasses of milk per day (or equivalent in other non-dairy
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔The most predominant clinical change seen with essential fatty acid deficiency
(EFAD) is
1: a dry, scaly rash.
2: increased susceptibility to infection.
3: impaired wound healing.
4: weight gain. - ✔✔1: a dry, scaly rash.
✔✔The energy for glucose transport is provided by active transport of
1: potassium into the cell.
2: potassium out of the cell.
3: sodium into the cell.
4: sodium out of the cell. - ✔✔4: sodium out of the cell.
✔✔A 32-year-old female presents to the clinic seeking treatment for a sunburn-like
rash. She also reports that she feels very sad and has no energy. Which of the following
deficiencies should be considered?
,1: Vitamin A
2: Vitamin K
3: Lipid
4: Protein - ✔✔4: Protein
✔✔Ursodiol facilitates absorption of
1: carbohydrate.
2: protein.
3: fat.
4: vitamin K. - ✔✔3: fat.
✔✔A 62-year-old female with impaired renal function was prescribed
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim for a urinary tract infection. What electrolyte disorder is
likely to occur?
1: Hypermagnesemia
2: Hyperkalemia
3: Hypercalcemia
4: Hyperphosphatemia - ✔✔2: Hyperkalemia
✔✔First-line therapy for hyperkalemic emergencies is
1: hemodialysis.
2: regular insulin with dextrose.
3: calcium gluconate.
4: furosemide. - ✔✔3: calcium gluconate.
✔✔AF has had a nasogastric tube to suction for 48 hours secondary to a post-operative
ileus. Which of the following electrolytes will be lost?
1: Bicarbonate
2: Potassium
3: Calcium
4: Phosphorus - ✔✔2: Potassium
✔✔A patient in your intensive care unit has severe diarrhea secondary to clostridium
difficile toxin. Which of the following acid-base disorders is likely to occur?
, 1: Metabolic acidosis
2: Metabolic alkalosis
3: Respiratory acidosis
4: Respiratory alkalosis - ✔✔1: Metabolic acidosis
Diarrhea induces gastrointestinal losses of bicarbonate and can cause a metabolic
acidosis (normal anion gap).
✔✔Metastatic calcification is a complication of
1: hyperkalemia.
2: hypokalemia.
3: hyperphosphatemia.
4: hypophosphatemia. - ✔✔3: hyperphosphatemia.
✔✔Which of the following children is at greatest risk for iron deficiency anemia?
1: 4 month-old term infant exclusively fed human milk
2: 4 month corrected gestational age, former preemie on a transitional formula
3: 10 month-old switched from formula to whole milk
4: 17 month-old \"picky eater\" - ✔✔3: 10 month-old switched from formula to whole
milk
Infants exclusively fed human milk require an iron supplement starting at 4-6 months of
age. Transitional infant formulas are fortified with sufficient iron to meet the needs of
infants with a history of prematurity. The iron content of cow's milk is inadequate and not
efficiently absorbed by infants.
✔✔An obese 12-year-old female is admitted to the hospital for an evaluation of sleep
apnea. A diet history reveals that she drinks three cans of soda, 24 ounces of juice, and
8 ounces of chocolate milk daily. In what mineral may she be deficient?
1: Calcium
2: Phosphorus
3: Selenium
4: Potassium - ✔✔1: Calcium
Past studies indicate that increased intake of juices, sodas, and sweetened beverages
have placed children at higher risk for deficiencies in minerals such as magnesium and
calcium. Drinking three 8 ounce glasses of milk per day (or equivalent in other non-dairy
