NURS 5366 Module 9 Exam V3 | NURS
5366 Principles of Research in Nursing |
Actual Q&A with Rationale (NURS5366
Module 9 Exam) | The University of Texas
at Arlington
1. A researcher conducts a study comparing the effectiveness of two different wound
dressings. The p-value is calculated as 0.03 with an alpha of 0.05. Which of the following is
the most appropriate statistical conclusion?
A. Accept the null hypothesis
B. Reject the null hypothesis
C. Fail to reject the null hypothesis
D. Determine the results are clinically insignificant
Answer: B
Rationale: When the p-value is less than the predetermined alpha level, the researcher
rejects the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative. This indicates that the observed
difference is unlikely to have occurred by chance alone. In this specific scenario, a p-value
of 0.03 is below the 0.05 threshold for significance.
2. Which type of error occurs if a researcher fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually
false?
A. Type I error
,B. Type II error
C. Selection bias
D. Confounding error
Answer: B
Rationale: A Type II error, often designated as beta, occurs when the study fails to detect a
difference that truly exists. This frequently happens in nursing research when the sample
size is too small to provide adequate statistical power. Identifying this error is critical to
ensure that potentially beneficial interventions are not discarded prematurely.
3. In a study assessing the relationship between age (in years) and blood pressure (in mmHg),
which statistical test is most appropriate for determining the strength and direction of the
association?
A. Pearson’s r
B. Chi-square test
C. Independent t-test
D. Mann-Whitney U
Answer: A
Rationale: Pearson’s correlation coefficient is used when both variables are measured at
the interval or ratio level and are normally distributed. It provides a numerical value
between -1.00 and +1.00 to represent the linear relationship between variables. Because
, age and blood pressure are continuous variables, this is the standard parametric test for
association.
4. A nurse researcher is examining the differences in mean pain scores between three
different groups of postoperative patients receiving different analgesics. Which test should
be employed?
A. Paired t-test
B. Simple linear regression
C. Independent t-test
D. One-way ANOVA
Answer: D
Rationale: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is the correct statistical method when comparing
the means of three or more independent groups. While a t-test can compare two means,
using multiple t-tests increases the risk of a Type I error. The ANOVA provides an F-
statistic to determine if at least one group mean is significantly different from the others.
5. What is the primary purpose of a power analysis in quantitative nursing research?
A. To estimate the required sample size
B. To control for demographic variables
C. To determine the internal validity of the tool
D. To establish the level of significance
5366 Principles of Research in Nursing |
Actual Q&A with Rationale (NURS5366
Module 9 Exam) | The University of Texas
at Arlington
1. A researcher conducts a study comparing the effectiveness of two different wound
dressings. The p-value is calculated as 0.03 with an alpha of 0.05. Which of the following is
the most appropriate statistical conclusion?
A. Accept the null hypothesis
B. Reject the null hypothesis
C. Fail to reject the null hypothesis
D. Determine the results are clinically insignificant
Answer: B
Rationale: When the p-value is less than the predetermined alpha level, the researcher
rejects the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative. This indicates that the observed
difference is unlikely to have occurred by chance alone. In this specific scenario, a p-value
of 0.03 is below the 0.05 threshold for significance.
2. Which type of error occurs if a researcher fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually
false?
A. Type I error
,B. Type II error
C. Selection bias
D. Confounding error
Answer: B
Rationale: A Type II error, often designated as beta, occurs when the study fails to detect a
difference that truly exists. This frequently happens in nursing research when the sample
size is too small to provide adequate statistical power. Identifying this error is critical to
ensure that potentially beneficial interventions are not discarded prematurely.
3. In a study assessing the relationship between age (in years) and blood pressure (in mmHg),
which statistical test is most appropriate for determining the strength and direction of the
association?
A. Pearson’s r
B. Chi-square test
C. Independent t-test
D. Mann-Whitney U
Answer: A
Rationale: Pearson’s correlation coefficient is used when both variables are measured at
the interval or ratio level and are normally distributed. It provides a numerical value
between -1.00 and +1.00 to represent the linear relationship between variables. Because
, age and blood pressure are continuous variables, this is the standard parametric test for
association.
4. A nurse researcher is examining the differences in mean pain scores between three
different groups of postoperative patients receiving different analgesics. Which test should
be employed?
A. Paired t-test
B. Simple linear regression
C. Independent t-test
D. One-way ANOVA
Answer: D
Rationale: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is the correct statistical method when comparing
the means of three or more independent groups. While a t-test can compare two means,
using multiple t-tests increases the risk of a Type I error. The ANOVA provides an F-
statistic to determine if at least one group mean is significantly different from the others.
5. What is the primary purpose of a power analysis in quantitative nursing research?
A. To estimate the required sample size
B. To control for demographic variables
C. To determine the internal validity of the tool
D. To establish the level of significance
