PORTAGE LEARNING NUTRITION
FINAL EXAM 2026 COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE REVIEW NOTES PRACTICE
QUESTIONS DETAILED RATIONALES
AND FINAL EXAM PREPARATION
What are the four types of fad diets? -CORRECT ANSWER-Moderate
calorie restriction, carbohydrate focused, low-fat, or novelty
What are the three keys to weight loss and maintenance? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Controlling calories, physical activity, and behavior
modification
What are 3 drastic weight loss measures that can be taken if an individual
has a BMI of >30, or >27 with co-morbid health risks. -CORRECT
ANSWER-Medications, Extremely low-calorie diet, and Surgery
How do bariatric surgeries produce rapid weight loss results? -CORRECT
ANSWER-They reduce the size of the stomach
What are the 3 bariatric surgeries that are available? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Gastric balloon, Gastroplasty, Gastric Banding
What vitamin can be consumed to help the body absorb more iron? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Vitamin C
,How can you eat maximize the amount of iron absorb from nonheme Iron?
-CORRECT ANSWER-Vitamin C and Heme iron
What are the water soluble vitamins? -CORRECT ANSWER-B vitamins
and vitamin C
A ________________ is a molecule that bind to an inactive enzyme thus
activating it -CORRECT ANSWER-Coenzyme
_____________ is the degree to which a nutrient is absorbed and
available for use by the body -CORRECT ANSWER-Bioavailibility
What are the eight B vitamins? -CORRECT ANSWER-Thiamin (B1),
riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid, biotin, pyridoxine (B6), folate
and B12
What condition can result from thiamin deficiency? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Beriberi
What condition can result from riboflavin deficiency? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Ariboflavinosis
What condition can result from niacin deficiency? -CORRECT ANSWER-
Pellagra
, What are the four D's of pellagra? -CORRECT ANSWER-Dementia,
Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Death
What condition can be treated with niacin? -CORRECT ANSWER-High
cholesterol
What vitamin deficiency can cause microcytic hypochromic anemia? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Pyridoxine
What conditions can result from taking excess amounts of pyridoxine? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Hand and foot numbness, irreversible nerve
damage
What condition can result from a deficiency of folate and B12? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Megaloblastic (Macrocytic) Anemia
Folate deficiency during pregnancy can result in ________ _________
__________ in the fetus. -CORRECT ANSWER-Neural Tube Defects
What two conditions can result from Neural Tube Defects? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Anencephaly and spina bifida
What vitamin deficiency can result in pernicious anemia? -CORRECT
ANSWER-B12
FINAL EXAM 2026 COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE REVIEW NOTES PRACTICE
QUESTIONS DETAILED RATIONALES
AND FINAL EXAM PREPARATION
What are the four types of fad diets? -CORRECT ANSWER-Moderate
calorie restriction, carbohydrate focused, low-fat, or novelty
What are the three keys to weight loss and maintenance? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Controlling calories, physical activity, and behavior
modification
What are 3 drastic weight loss measures that can be taken if an individual
has a BMI of >30, or >27 with co-morbid health risks. -CORRECT
ANSWER-Medications, Extremely low-calorie diet, and Surgery
How do bariatric surgeries produce rapid weight loss results? -CORRECT
ANSWER-They reduce the size of the stomach
What are the 3 bariatric surgeries that are available? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Gastric balloon, Gastroplasty, Gastric Banding
What vitamin can be consumed to help the body absorb more iron? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Vitamin C
,How can you eat maximize the amount of iron absorb from nonheme Iron?
-CORRECT ANSWER-Vitamin C and Heme iron
What are the water soluble vitamins? -CORRECT ANSWER-B vitamins
and vitamin C
A ________________ is a molecule that bind to an inactive enzyme thus
activating it -CORRECT ANSWER-Coenzyme
_____________ is the degree to which a nutrient is absorbed and
available for use by the body -CORRECT ANSWER-Bioavailibility
What are the eight B vitamins? -CORRECT ANSWER-Thiamin (B1),
riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid, biotin, pyridoxine (B6), folate
and B12
What condition can result from thiamin deficiency? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Beriberi
What condition can result from riboflavin deficiency? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Ariboflavinosis
What condition can result from niacin deficiency? -CORRECT ANSWER-
Pellagra
, What are the four D's of pellagra? -CORRECT ANSWER-Dementia,
Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Death
What condition can be treated with niacin? -CORRECT ANSWER-High
cholesterol
What vitamin deficiency can cause microcytic hypochromic anemia? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Pyridoxine
What conditions can result from taking excess amounts of pyridoxine? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Hand and foot numbness, irreversible nerve
damage
What condition can result from a deficiency of folate and B12? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Megaloblastic (Macrocytic) Anemia
Folate deficiency during pregnancy can result in ________ _________
__________ in the fetus. -CORRECT ANSWER-Neural Tube Defects
What two conditions can result from Neural Tube Defects? -CORRECT
ANSWER-Anencephaly and spina bifida
What vitamin deficiency can result in pernicious anemia? -CORRECT
ANSWER-B12
