ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TOWARD A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE FULL SOLUTION

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TOWARD A
SUSTAINABLE FUTURE UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE FULL SOLUTION

●● Trophic level
Answer: a feeding level defined with respect to the primary source of
energy. Animals can occupy multiple levels depending on their food
source
•Green plants are the first trophic level
•primary consumers (e.g., mouse eating seeds/fruits) are at the second
trophic
level
•secondary consumers (e.g., snake eating a are at the third trophic level
•tertiary consumers (e.g., a hawk eating a snake) are on the fourth
trophic level


●● Food web
Answer: the combination of all the feeding relationships that exist in an
ecosystem
•Plant photosynthesis produces organic molecules
•Energy is passed through the food chain

, •Organisms are linked by food chains that designate where energy and
nutrients
go. When energy moves up the food chain most energy is lost going to
higher
tropic levels. Food chains are interconnected into food webs.
•Terrestrial ecosystems have three or four trophic levels marine systems
sometimes have five trophic levels.


●● Autotrophs (producers)
Answer: produce their own organic material from
inorganic molecules (e.g., green plants, algae and cyanobacteria, and
chemotrophic bacteria oxidize inorganic compounds for energy)


●● Heterotrophs
Answer: organisms that must consume organic material for energy


●● Herbivores
Answer: plant eaters


●● Carnivores
Answer: meat eaters


●● Omnivores