Sarah Michelle Live Review Study Guide | Newest
Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | Expert
Verified
• What are common signs and symptoms of Meniere's Disease? -✓✓ Vertigo,
tinnitus, ear pressure, nystagmus
• What is our biggest worry for a Meniere's Disease patient? -✓✓ There is a
possibility for a potential, permanent hearing loss.
• What is rhinitis meidcamentosa? -✓✓ Drug-induced rebound nasal congestion,
this can happen after use of nasal decongestants like Afrin. These nasal
decongestants should ideally not be used for greater than 3-5 days because of this
risk.
• What is herpes keratitis? -✓✓ This is an infection of the cornea due to herpes
simplex virus
• How is herpes keratitis diagnosed? -✓✓ By examining the eye under a black
lamp and visualized the cornea, in herpes keratitis, fern like lines will be seen on
the cornea
• A child that has a history of mononucleosis is at increased risk for development
for what cancer later in life? And why? -✓✓ Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Burkitt's
Lymphoma, this is due to the exposure of the Epstein-Barr virus
• What types of patients will be at a higher risk of pneumonia? -✓✓ Patient with
chronic lung diseases: asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis.
,• Why are cough suppressants not helpful in pneumonia patients? -✓✓ Because we
WANT them to get that gunk out, we do not want them to hold it in their lungs, an
expectorant would be a better option for these patients.
• When should a follow up chest X-Ray be completed after treatment of
pneumonia? -✓✓ Around 8 week mark
• What is COPD? -✓✓ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. This is a chronic
condition that is made up of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It is a progressive
inflammatory lung disease that makes it hard for the patients to breathe, because
the chronic bronchitis leads to mucous build up and the emphysema portion
destroys areas of the lungs.
• What signs and symptoms are common in COPD patients? -✓✓ Chronic cough
Sputum production
Dyspnea- difficulty breathing
• What signs and symptoms are specific to B12 deficiency anemia? -✓✓
Neurological symptoms, paresthesia (numbness and tingling in hands and feet),
unsteady gait, memory issues
Beefy red tongue
• What diet can result in B12 deficiency? -✓✓ Vegan- oral supplements can be
used for treatment
• What surgery can result in B12 deficiency? -✓✓ Gastric surgery- patient will lose
intrinsic factor that is required to absorb B12- these patients will require life long
IM B12 injections
,• What patient population is lupus commonly seen? -✓✓ Women of childbearing
age- ages 15-45, African Americans are going to be at higher risk
• What is the diagnostic criteria for Lupus? -✓✓ Must have 4/11 diagnostic
criteria:
Malar rash
Discoid rash
Photosensitivity
Oral/nasal ulcers
Non-erosive arthritis
Cardio-pulmonary complaints
Renal complaints
Neurological concerns
Immunological disorders
+ ANA test
Hematologic disorders
• What is Sjogren's Syndrome and what is the treatment? -✓✓ Dry eyes and dry
mouth- treatment revolves around symptom management- artificial tears, hard
candies, etc.
Common in lupus patients
• What is a major concern for lupus patients? How do we monitor this? -✓✓
Impact on the kidneys- Lupus nephritis
Be on the look out for glomerularnephritis as well as proteinuria
, These patients will require routine UA for assessment of their kidneys and protect
them
• What is the function of the thyroid? -✓✓ Viral hormone gland
Metabolism regulation- impacts every SINGLE cell within the body
Proper growth and development across the entire lifespan
• What produces TSH? -✓✓ Pituitary gland
• What is the function of TSH? -✓✓ Tells your thyroid when to produce and
release those critical thyroid hormones- T3 and T4.
• What disorders include hypothyroidism? -✓✓ Iodine deficiency, Hashimoto's, or
thyroiditis
• A presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies indicates that? -✓✓ Hypothyroidism
is caused by an autoimmune process of some sort
• What are some signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism? -✓✓ Weight gain,
constipation, dry skin, cold intolerance, fatigue, course hair, facial puffiness, thick
tongue, and maybe some cardiac side effects
• What patient education must be included regarding Synthroid administration? -
✓✓ Must be taken on an empty stomach before other medications
• What are signs and symptoms of a myxedema coma? -✓✓ Low body
temperature, edema, confusion, lethargy, tongue thickening, difficulty breathing
Questions and Answers | 2026 Update | Expert
Verified
• What are common signs and symptoms of Meniere's Disease? -✓✓ Vertigo,
tinnitus, ear pressure, nystagmus
• What is our biggest worry for a Meniere's Disease patient? -✓✓ There is a
possibility for a potential, permanent hearing loss.
• What is rhinitis meidcamentosa? -✓✓ Drug-induced rebound nasal congestion,
this can happen after use of nasal decongestants like Afrin. These nasal
decongestants should ideally not be used for greater than 3-5 days because of this
risk.
• What is herpes keratitis? -✓✓ This is an infection of the cornea due to herpes
simplex virus
• How is herpes keratitis diagnosed? -✓✓ By examining the eye under a black
lamp and visualized the cornea, in herpes keratitis, fern like lines will be seen on
the cornea
• A child that has a history of mononucleosis is at increased risk for development
for what cancer later in life? And why? -✓✓ Hodgkin's Lymphoma and Burkitt's
Lymphoma, this is due to the exposure of the Epstein-Barr virus
• What types of patients will be at a higher risk of pneumonia? -✓✓ Patient with
chronic lung diseases: asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis.
,• Why are cough suppressants not helpful in pneumonia patients? -✓✓ Because we
WANT them to get that gunk out, we do not want them to hold it in their lungs, an
expectorant would be a better option for these patients.
• When should a follow up chest X-Ray be completed after treatment of
pneumonia? -✓✓ Around 8 week mark
• What is COPD? -✓✓ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. This is a chronic
condition that is made up of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It is a progressive
inflammatory lung disease that makes it hard for the patients to breathe, because
the chronic bronchitis leads to mucous build up and the emphysema portion
destroys areas of the lungs.
• What signs and symptoms are common in COPD patients? -✓✓ Chronic cough
Sputum production
Dyspnea- difficulty breathing
• What signs and symptoms are specific to B12 deficiency anemia? -✓✓
Neurological symptoms, paresthesia (numbness and tingling in hands and feet),
unsteady gait, memory issues
Beefy red tongue
• What diet can result in B12 deficiency? -✓✓ Vegan- oral supplements can be
used for treatment
• What surgery can result in B12 deficiency? -✓✓ Gastric surgery- patient will lose
intrinsic factor that is required to absorb B12- these patients will require life long
IM B12 injections
,• What patient population is lupus commonly seen? -✓✓ Women of childbearing
age- ages 15-45, African Americans are going to be at higher risk
• What is the diagnostic criteria for Lupus? -✓✓ Must have 4/11 diagnostic
criteria:
Malar rash
Discoid rash
Photosensitivity
Oral/nasal ulcers
Non-erosive arthritis
Cardio-pulmonary complaints
Renal complaints
Neurological concerns
Immunological disorders
+ ANA test
Hematologic disorders
• What is Sjogren's Syndrome and what is the treatment? -✓✓ Dry eyes and dry
mouth- treatment revolves around symptom management- artificial tears, hard
candies, etc.
Common in lupus patients
• What is a major concern for lupus patients? How do we monitor this? -✓✓
Impact on the kidneys- Lupus nephritis
Be on the look out for glomerularnephritis as well as proteinuria
, These patients will require routine UA for assessment of their kidneys and protect
them
• What is the function of the thyroid? -✓✓ Viral hormone gland
Metabolism regulation- impacts every SINGLE cell within the body
Proper growth and development across the entire lifespan
• What produces TSH? -✓✓ Pituitary gland
• What is the function of TSH? -✓✓ Tells your thyroid when to produce and
release those critical thyroid hormones- T3 and T4.
• What disorders include hypothyroidism? -✓✓ Iodine deficiency, Hashimoto's, or
thyroiditis
• A presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies indicates that? -✓✓ Hypothyroidism
is caused by an autoimmune process of some sort
• What are some signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism? -✓✓ Weight gain,
constipation, dry skin, cold intolerance, fatigue, course hair, facial puffiness, thick
tongue, and maybe some cardiac side effects
• What patient education must be included regarding Synthroid administration? -
✓✓ Must be taken on an empty stomach before other medications
• What are signs and symptoms of a myxedema coma? -✓✓ Low body
temperature, edema, confusion, lethargy, tongue thickening, difficulty breathing
