NUR 242 / NUR242 Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 3
Practice Test Actual 2025/2026 with Detailed
Rationales | 100% Verified | Pass Guaranteed – A+
Graded
SECTION 1: Cardiovascular Disorders (12 Questions)
Q1: A patient with heart failure exhibits crackles, jugular vein distention, and peripheral
edema. Which condition is the patient experiencing?
A. Right-sided heart failure
B. Left-sided heart failure
C. Cor pulmonale
D. Cardiogenic shock
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion with
crackles and respiratory symptoms.
Q2: Which dietary modification is appropriate for a patient with heart failure?
A. Low-fat diet
B. Low-sodium diet
C. High-protein diet
D. High-carbohydrate diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because sodium restriction reduces fluid retention in heart failure.
Q3: A patient with an acute myocardial infarction is prescribed aspirin. What is the primary
purpose?
A. Pain relief
B. Antiplatelet effect
C. Reduce inflammation
D. Lower blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation to prevent further clot
formation.
Q4: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. What electrolyte imbalance should
be monitored?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because furosemide causes potassium wasting leading to hypokalemia.
Q5: A patient with heart failure has an ejection fraction of 35%. This indicates:
A. Normal heart function
B. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
C. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
D. Hyperdynamic heart function
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because EF <40% indicates HFrEF.
Q6: A patient with uncontrolled hypertension is at greatest risk for which complication?
A. Stroke
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Renal failure
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because uncontrolled HTN increases risk of stroke, MI, and renal failure.
Q7: A patient with an acute stroke is within the 4.5-hour window for treatment. What is the
priority intervention?
A. tPA administration
B. Aspirin administration
C. Heparin administration
D. Blood pressure management
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because tPA is indicated for acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 hours.
Q8: A patient with an acute MI is on bed rest. What is the priority intervention?
A. Cardiac monitoring
B. Oxygen administration
C. Pain management
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because all are priority interventions for acute MI.
Q9: A patient with coronary artery disease is prescribed a statin. What is the primary
benefit?
A. Lowering cholesterol
B. Reducing inflammation
C. Lowering blood pressure
D. Both A and B
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because statins lower cholesterol and have anti-inflammatory effects.
Q10: A patient with a myocardial infarction should have which lab test drawn?
A. Troponin
B. CK-MB
C. Myoglobin
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because all are cardiac biomarkers for MI.
Q11: A patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm is at greatest risk for:
A. Hemorrhage
B. Infection
C. Thrombosis
D. Embolization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because rupture of AAA can cause life-threatening hemorrhage.
Q12: Which of the following is a sign of fluid overload?
A. Crackles in the lungs
Practice Test Actual 2025/2026 with Detailed
Rationales | 100% Verified | Pass Guaranteed – A+
Graded
SECTION 1: Cardiovascular Disorders (12 Questions)
Q1: A patient with heart failure exhibits crackles, jugular vein distention, and peripheral
edema. Which condition is the patient experiencing?
A. Right-sided heart failure
B. Left-sided heart failure
C. Cor pulmonale
D. Cardiogenic shock
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion with
crackles and respiratory symptoms.
Q2: Which dietary modification is appropriate for a patient with heart failure?
A. Low-fat diet
B. Low-sodium diet
C. High-protein diet
D. High-carbohydrate diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because sodium restriction reduces fluid retention in heart failure.
Q3: A patient with an acute myocardial infarction is prescribed aspirin. What is the primary
purpose?
A. Pain relief
B. Antiplatelet effect
C. Reduce inflammation
D. Lower blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation to prevent further clot
formation.
Q4: A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. What electrolyte imbalance should
be monitored?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because furosemide causes potassium wasting leading to hypokalemia.
Q5: A patient with heart failure has an ejection fraction of 35%. This indicates:
A. Normal heart function
B. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
C. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
D. Hyperdynamic heart function
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because EF <40% indicates HFrEF.
Q6: A patient with uncontrolled hypertension is at greatest risk for which complication?
A. Stroke
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Renal failure
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because uncontrolled HTN increases risk of stroke, MI, and renal failure.
Q7: A patient with an acute stroke is within the 4.5-hour window for treatment. What is the
priority intervention?
A. tPA administration
B. Aspirin administration
C. Heparin administration
D. Blood pressure management
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because tPA is indicated for acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 hours.
Q8: A patient with an acute MI is on bed rest. What is the priority intervention?
A. Cardiac monitoring
B. Oxygen administration
C. Pain management
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because all are priority interventions for acute MI.
Q9: A patient with coronary artery disease is prescribed a statin. What is the primary
benefit?
A. Lowering cholesterol
B. Reducing inflammation
C. Lowering blood pressure
D. Both A and B
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because statins lower cholesterol and have anti-inflammatory effects.
Q10: A patient with a myocardial infarction should have which lab test drawn?
A. Troponin
B. CK-MB
C. Myoglobin
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because all are cardiac biomarkers for MI.
Q11: A patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm is at greatest risk for:
A. Hemorrhage
B. Infection
C. Thrombosis
D. Embolization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because rupture of AAA can cause life-threatening hemorrhage.
Q12: Which of the following is a sign of fluid overload?
A. Crackles in the lungs
