WGU D027 Advanced Pathopharmacological
Foundations Objective Assessment Review Actual
2025/2026 with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified |
Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: Cellular Pathophysiology & Genetics (10 Questions)
Q1: Which cellular adaptation occurs in response to increased workload, resulting in
an increase in cell size?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Hypertrophy
C. Atrophy
D. Metaplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because hypertrophy is an increase in cell size in response to
increased demand.
Q2: A patient with uncontrolled hypertension develops left ventricular hypertrophy.
This is an example of:
A. Pathologic hypertrophy
B. Physiologic hypertrophy
C. Hyperplasia
D. Dysplasia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because pathologic hypertrophy occurs in response to disease
states like hypertension.
Q3: Which of the following is a hallmark of inflammation?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Decreased blood flow
C. Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
,D. Decreased white blood cell count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because inflammation involves vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability.
Q4: Which of the following is a component of the acute inflammatory response?
A. Vasodilation
B. Increased vascular permeability
C. Leukocyte migration
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because all are components of the acute inflammatory response.
Q5: Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by IgE antibodies and mast
cells?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because Type I hypersensitivity is IgE-mediated and involves mast
cell degranulation.
Q6: A patient with sepsis develops disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Which lab finding is expected?
A. Elevated platelets
B. Elevated fibrinogen
C. Prolonged PT and PTT
D. Normal D-dimer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because DIC consumes clotting factors, causing prolonged
PT/PTT.
Q7: Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant cells?
A. Loss of contact inhibition
B. Anchorage independence
, C. Invasion and metastasis
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because malignant cells exhibit all of these characteristics.
Q8: In shock, which type is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response to
infection?
A. Hypovolemic shock
B. Cardiogenic shock
C. Septic shock
D. Anaphylactic shock
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because septic shock is caused by severe infection and systemic
inflammation.
Q9: A patient with hypovolemic shock should receive which type of fluid first?
A. Hypotonic solution
B. Hypertonic solution
C. Isotonic crystalloid
D. Colloid only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because isotonic crystalloids (NS or LR) are first-line for
hypovolemic shock.
Q10: Which of the following is a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
A. High estrogen levels
B. Corticosteroid use
C. Weight-bearing exercise
D. High calcium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because chronic corticosteroid use increases osteoporosis risk.
SECTION 2: Inflammation, Immunity & Infectious Disease (10
Questions)
Foundations Objective Assessment Review Actual
2025/2026 with Detailed Rationales | 100% Verified |
Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: Cellular Pathophysiology & Genetics (10 Questions)
Q1: Which cellular adaptation occurs in response to increased workload, resulting in
an increase in cell size?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Hypertrophy
C. Atrophy
D. Metaplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because hypertrophy is an increase in cell size in response to
increased demand.
Q2: A patient with uncontrolled hypertension develops left ventricular hypertrophy.
This is an example of:
A. Pathologic hypertrophy
B. Physiologic hypertrophy
C. Hyperplasia
D. Dysplasia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because pathologic hypertrophy occurs in response to disease
states like hypertension.
Q3: Which of the following is a hallmark of inflammation?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Decreased blood flow
C. Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
,D. Decreased white blood cell count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because inflammation involves vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability.
Q4: Which of the following is a component of the acute inflammatory response?
A. Vasodilation
B. Increased vascular permeability
C. Leukocyte migration
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because all are components of the acute inflammatory response.
Q5: Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by IgE antibodies and mast
cells?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct because Type I hypersensitivity is IgE-mediated and involves mast
cell degranulation.
Q6: A patient with sepsis develops disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Which lab finding is expected?
A. Elevated platelets
B. Elevated fibrinogen
C. Prolonged PT and PTT
D. Normal D-dimer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because DIC consumes clotting factors, causing prolonged
PT/PTT.
Q7: Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant cells?
A. Loss of contact inhibition
B. Anchorage independence
, C. Invasion and metastasis
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct because malignant cells exhibit all of these characteristics.
Q8: In shock, which type is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response to
infection?
A. Hypovolemic shock
B. Cardiogenic shock
C. Septic shock
D. Anaphylactic shock
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because septic shock is caused by severe infection and systemic
inflammation.
Q9: A patient with hypovolemic shock should receive which type of fluid first?
A. Hypotonic solution
B. Hypertonic solution
C. Isotonic crystalloid
D. Colloid only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct because isotonic crystalloids (NS or LR) are first-line for
hypovolemic shock.
Q10: Which of the following is a risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
A. High estrogen levels
B. Corticosteroid use
C. Weight-bearing exercise
D. High calcium intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct because chronic corticosteroid use increases osteoporosis risk.
SECTION 2: Inflammation, Immunity & Infectious Disease (10
Questions)
