HNG 540 Exam 5 #1 Questions with correct answers

HNG 540 Exam 5 #1 Questions with correct answers
Risk factors for CAD - ✔✔- Male
- Old gender
- HTN/Hypercholestermia
- Obesity
- DM
- Sedentary Lifestyle
- Family history of premature CAD
- Smoking


What causes Angina? - ✔✔Imbalance between coronary blood flow and
myocardial oxygen consumption (supply/demand mismatch)


What conditions/events can cause angina? - ✔✔- CHF
- Electrical instability/cardiac arrhythmias
- Myocardial Infarction


Most common cause of myocardial ischemia/angina pectoris - ✔✔Atherosclerosis


What causes variant angina? - ✔✔- coronary artery spasm
- vasoactive materials from platelets
- endothelial damage

,Clinical presentation of angina pectoris - ✔✔Retrosternal chest pain radiating to
neck, left shoulder/arm, and jaw


Levine's sign - ✔✔Clutching chest usually in presence of angina pectoris


What commonly triggers angina pectoris? - ✔✔- Physical Exertion
- Emotional Tension
- Cold Weather


Gold standard diagnosis of angina - ✔✔Coronary angiography: determines
anatomic extent of CAD and LV Function (EF)


How will Angina Present on ECG? - ✔✔ST Depression of > 1 mm
+/- inverted T waves


Angina Treatment - ✔✔- Lifestyle modification
- Pharmacological Treatment
- Revascularization


Lifestyle modifications for angina treatment - ✔✔- Smoking cessation
- Weight loss
- Low fat/low cholesterol diet
- Regular aerobic exercise
- Treatment of HTN

, Pharmacological therapy for angina treatment - ✔✔- Antiplatelet drugs
- B-blockers
- CCBs
- ACE Inhibitors
- Nitrates


What procedures are used for revascularization for CAD patients? - ✔✔- CABG
- PTCA


MI Diagnosis - ✔✔- Clinical history of angina pectoris
- ECG changes (ST elevation/depression/T wave inversion/BBB)
- Rise and fall of cardiac enzyme markers (Troponin T or I increased)


Immediate Treatment of MI - ✔✔MONA
- Morphine
- Oxygen
- Nitrates
- Aspirin


Longer term treatment of MI - ✔✔- Thrombolytic Therapy
- Coronary angioplasty
- CABG