Portage Learning Anatomy and Physiology
(33)-compressed Exam Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
Name the Two main divisions (1) those of the alimentary canal and (2)
of the digestive system the accessory digestive organs
organs.
Name the seven parts of the Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach,
gastrointestinal tract. small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
Name the six digestive system Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary
accessory organs. glands, liver and pancreas.
What structures respectively a. Opening = Lips
form these parts of the b. Floor = Tongue
mouth?: c. Walls = Cheeks
A. Opening d. Roof = Hard/soft palates
B. Floor
C. Walls
D. Roof
List the two bones and the The tongue is attached to the hyoid bone
membrane to which the and the mandible and the membranous
tongue is attached. lingual frenulum.
,How many teeth are there in There are thirty-two teeth in the human
an adult human and what do mouth. Together they work to tear, crush
they do? and grind food to mechanically digest
food.
What are the four types of The teeth are composed of two chisel-
teeth, how many of each type shaped incisors for biting; one pointed
are there and what does each canine for tearing; two fairly flat pre-
type do? molars for grinding; and three flat molars
for crushing.
What is the specific function Food is mixed and moistened with saliva
of the salivary gland in the (from the salivary glands) containing
process of digestion? enzymes that begin the process of
chemical digestion by breaking down
starches.
Where are taste buds Taste buds are found primarily on the
located? tongue but also on the surface of the
mouth and the wall of the pharynx.
Describe the function of the The tongue grips the food, constantly
tongue in the digestive repositions it between the teeth and
process. forms it into a compact mass which is
pushed back to the pharynx to begin the
process of swallowing.
What is a bolus? A bolus is the compact mass of food
formed by the combination of chewing
by the teeth and repositioning by the
tongue.
, List the 3 parts of the pharynx. the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and
the laryngopharynx.
Through what sections of the Air enters the nose, continues through
pharynx does air travel? the nasopharynx, oropharynx and the
Through what sections of the laryngopharynx. Air then enters the
pharynx does food travel? trachea on its way to the lungs. Food and
liquid enter the mouth, continue through
the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx
but then continue into the esophagus.
What prevents food from Food is prevented from entering the
entering the lungs and why is larynx by the epiglottis, a flap of elastic
this necessary? cartilage which covers the larynx when
swallowing food or liquid.
Describe how the muscular The pharynx has two types of skeletal
layers in the pharynx assist muscles; a circumferential outer layer and
with food passage. an inner longitudinal layer which contract
alternatively squeezing food into the
esophagus.
List and describe the tissue The esophagus contains 4 layers of
layers of the esophagus. tissue: the innermost layer is the mucosa
which secretes mucus into the interior the
gastrointestinal tract, the second layer is
the submucosa which contains blood and
lymph vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, and
mucous glands, the third layer is the
muscularis externa which is made of two
layers of muscle: the outer longitudinal
fibers and inner circumferential fibers and
the outermost layer is the serosa which is
made up of cells that make serous fluid.
(33)-compressed Exam Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
Name the Two main divisions (1) those of the alimentary canal and (2)
of the digestive system the accessory digestive organs
organs.
Name the seven parts of the Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach,
gastrointestinal tract. small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
Name the six digestive system Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary
accessory organs. glands, liver and pancreas.
What structures respectively a. Opening = Lips
form these parts of the b. Floor = Tongue
mouth?: c. Walls = Cheeks
A. Opening d. Roof = Hard/soft palates
B. Floor
C. Walls
D. Roof
List the two bones and the The tongue is attached to the hyoid bone
membrane to which the and the mandible and the membranous
tongue is attached. lingual frenulum.
,How many teeth are there in There are thirty-two teeth in the human
an adult human and what do mouth. Together they work to tear, crush
they do? and grind food to mechanically digest
food.
What are the four types of The teeth are composed of two chisel-
teeth, how many of each type shaped incisors for biting; one pointed
are there and what does each canine for tearing; two fairly flat pre-
type do? molars for grinding; and three flat molars
for crushing.
What is the specific function Food is mixed and moistened with saliva
of the salivary gland in the (from the salivary glands) containing
process of digestion? enzymes that begin the process of
chemical digestion by breaking down
starches.
Where are taste buds Taste buds are found primarily on the
located? tongue but also on the surface of the
mouth and the wall of the pharynx.
Describe the function of the The tongue grips the food, constantly
tongue in the digestive repositions it between the teeth and
process. forms it into a compact mass which is
pushed back to the pharynx to begin the
process of swallowing.
What is a bolus? A bolus is the compact mass of food
formed by the combination of chewing
by the teeth and repositioning by the
tongue.
, List the 3 parts of the pharynx. the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and
the laryngopharynx.
Through what sections of the Air enters the nose, continues through
pharynx does air travel? the nasopharynx, oropharynx and the
Through what sections of the laryngopharynx. Air then enters the
pharynx does food travel? trachea on its way to the lungs. Food and
liquid enter the mouth, continue through
the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx
but then continue into the esophagus.
What prevents food from Food is prevented from entering the
entering the lungs and why is larynx by the epiglottis, a flap of elastic
this necessary? cartilage which covers the larynx when
swallowing food or liquid.
Describe how the muscular The pharynx has two types of skeletal
layers in the pharynx assist muscles; a circumferential outer layer and
with food passage. an inner longitudinal layer which contract
alternatively squeezing food into the
esophagus.
List and describe the tissue The esophagus contains 4 layers of
layers of the esophagus. tissue: the innermost layer is the mucosa
which secretes mucus into the interior the
gastrointestinal tract, the second layer is
the submucosa which contains blood and
lymph vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, and
mucous glands, the third layer is the
muscularis externa which is made of two
layers of muscle: the outer longitudinal
fibers and inner circumferential fibers and
the outermost layer is the serosa which is
made up of cells that make serous fluid.
