INMT 341 FINAL EXAM VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
Black hole - Answers - No process can have only inputs.
If an object has only inputs, then it must be a sink
If an object has only outputs - Answers - it must be a source
If an object has only inputs - Answers - it must be a sink
Context Diagram - Answers - The least detailed level of data flow diagramming
The diagram shows only the major information flows between the system and the
external parties that interact with the system
Outside sources/systems/agents - Answers - You can tell something or someone is an
outside source because you do not know details about how the data you receive was
created
Decomposition - Answers - When you take the processes shown on a DFD and divide
each into more detailed (sub)processes, this is referred to as decomposition
Balancing - Answers - When you balance a DFD it means you preserve the inputs and
outputs of a parent DFD at the next level of decomposition
Flowcharts - Answers - Flowcharts focus on the physical aspects of information flows,
files, sources, destinations and processes
Systems flowcharts - Answers - They show the entire system configuration, including
the data inputs, data outputs, and processes of a system, and the relationships between
system inputs, processes and outputs
Document flowcharts - Answers - Focuses on the creation, flow, and destinations of
documents and information within a system
Program flowcharts - Answers - Show the logic and processing steps of a computer
program or code
Paper Documents (Rectangle with Squiggly bottom) - Answers - The document symbol
is used for all types of paper source documents that are processed by the system (e.g.
checks, invoices, ledgers, journals, and reports)
Input/Output symbol (Paralellogram) - Answers - The Input/Output symbol is typically
used to display records and master files on a program logic flowchart. It is also used to
denote records and files (journals and ledgers) in a manual flowchart
,Manual Process Symbol (Trapezoid) - Answers - The manual-process symbol indicates
a manual operation (such as completing forms or verifying amounts).
Paper documents are a common input to the manual process and paper documents are
common outputs from the process.
Machine-processing symbol (Rectangle) - Answers - This typically denotes a computer
application (such as an order entry program or an invoicing program).
Manual system off-line storage symbol (Upside Down Triangle) - Answers - A manual
system off-line storage symbol represents any storage of paper documents (e.g., file
cabinet, safe, or shelves)
Computer-storage (Cylinder) - Answers - Computer-storage5: Direct storage (Disk). A
file label is included on the symbol.
Terminal or System Exit/Entry - Answers - This symbol is used to indicate the
beginning, or ending point of the process represented on a flowchart.
It is also used to display system entry or exit of data
On-Page Connector (Small Circle) - Answers - On-page connectors tell the user where
to go next when the flow continues on the same page
Off Page Connector (Weird Upside Down Triangle Like Shape) - Answers - Off page
connectors are used to connect multiple pages of a document flowchart.
Shown within the off page connector symbol is the page number that the flow continues
to (or from which the flow came) and a connector number
Annotation - Answers - This symbol is used to include important supplementary
information or explanations that are difficult to describe graphically within the flowchart
itself
Decision points (Diamond Shape) - Answers - A decision symbol would display the
decision, and a description of the decision would appear in the symbol (e.g. "Is the
document complete?"). Two labeled flow lines would exit from the decision symbol to
illustrate the indicated course of action
GRC -Governance, Risk and Compliance - Answers - GRC refers to a strategy for
managing an organization's overall Governance, enterprise Risk management and
Compliance with regulations
Benefits of GRC - Answers - A well-planned GRC strategy comes with lots of benefits:
improved decision-making, more optimal IT investments, elimination of silos, and
reduced fragmentation among divisions and departments
Governance - Answers - The processes that ensure the effective and efficient use of IT
in enabling an organization to achieve its goals
, Risk - Answers - Making sure that any risk (or opportunity) associated with
organizational activities is identified and addressed in a way that supports the
organization's business goals
Compliance - Answers - Making sure that IT systems, and the data contained in those
systems, are used and secured properly
IT Governance helps you assess whether your organization is: - Answers - •Aligning IT
with the enterprise and realizing promised benefits
•Using IT to exploit opportunities and maximize benefits
•Using IT resources responsibly
•Managing IT risks
•Recognizing opportunities and acting upon them
IT governance framework - Answers - Describes the leadership, organizational
structures, and processes that ensure IT sustains and extends organizational strategies
and objectives
IT governance framework - Answers - 1. ITIL 4
2. ISO:IEC 38500:20015
3. COBIT 2019
ITIL Framework - Answers - ITIL - Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ITIL is a framework that helps organizations manage their IT services across their
lifecycle
ISO/IEC 38500:20015 - Answers - Model for Corporate Governance of IT provides
guiding principles for members of governing bodies of organizations on the effective,
efficient, and acceptable use of information technology (IT) within their organizations
Purpose of ISO/IEC Governance Frmanework - Answers - The purpose is to promote
effective, efficient, and acceptable use of IT in all organizations by:
- assuring stakeholders that, if the principles and practices proposed by the standard
are followed, they can have confidence in the organization's governance of IT,
- informing and guiding governing bodies in governing the use of IT in their organization
- establishing a vocabulary for the governance of IT.
Which Governance Framework separates Governance from Managment? - Answers -
COBIT 2019
COBIT or COBIT-19 - Answers - Control Objectives for Information and related
Technology
It strives to aid IT governance by helping organizations generate the maximum added
value to the business via its IT investments, while mitigating risks and optimizing
resources.
Black hole - Answers - No process can have only inputs.
If an object has only inputs, then it must be a sink
If an object has only outputs - Answers - it must be a source
If an object has only inputs - Answers - it must be a sink
Context Diagram - Answers - The least detailed level of data flow diagramming
The diagram shows only the major information flows between the system and the
external parties that interact with the system
Outside sources/systems/agents - Answers - You can tell something or someone is an
outside source because you do not know details about how the data you receive was
created
Decomposition - Answers - When you take the processes shown on a DFD and divide
each into more detailed (sub)processes, this is referred to as decomposition
Balancing - Answers - When you balance a DFD it means you preserve the inputs and
outputs of a parent DFD at the next level of decomposition
Flowcharts - Answers - Flowcharts focus on the physical aspects of information flows,
files, sources, destinations and processes
Systems flowcharts - Answers - They show the entire system configuration, including
the data inputs, data outputs, and processes of a system, and the relationships between
system inputs, processes and outputs
Document flowcharts - Answers - Focuses on the creation, flow, and destinations of
documents and information within a system
Program flowcharts - Answers - Show the logic and processing steps of a computer
program or code
Paper Documents (Rectangle with Squiggly bottom) - Answers - The document symbol
is used for all types of paper source documents that are processed by the system (e.g.
checks, invoices, ledgers, journals, and reports)
Input/Output symbol (Paralellogram) - Answers - The Input/Output symbol is typically
used to display records and master files on a program logic flowchart. It is also used to
denote records and files (journals and ledgers) in a manual flowchart
,Manual Process Symbol (Trapezoid) - Answers - The manual-process symbol indicates
a manual operation (such as completing forms or verifying amounts).
Paper documents are a common input to the manual process and paper documents are
common outputs from the process.
Machine-processing symbol (Rectangle) - Answers - This typically denotes a computer
application (such as an order entry program or an invoicing program).
Manual system off-line storage symbol (Upside Down Triangle) - Answers - A manual
system off-line storage symbol represents any storage of paper documents (e.g., file
cabinet, safe, or shelves)
Computer-storage (Cylinder) - Answers - Computer-storage5: Direct storage (Disk). A
file label is included on the symbol.
Terminal or System Exit/Entry - Answers - This symbol is used to indicate the
beginning, or ending point of the process represented on a flowchart.
It is also used to display system entry or exit of data
On-Page Connector (Small Circle) - Answers - On-page connectors tell the user where
to go next when the flow continues on the same page
Off Page Connector (Weird Upside Down Triangle Like Shape) - Answers - Off page
connectors are used to connect multiple pages of a document flowchart.
Shown within the off page connector symbol is the page number that the flow continues
to (or from which the flow came) and a connector number
Annotation - Answers - This symbol is used to include important supplementary
information or explanations that are difficult to describe graphically within the flowchart
itself
Decision points (Diamond Shape) - Answers - A decision symbol would display the
decision, and a description of the decision would appear in the symbol (e.g. "Is the
document complete?"). Two labeled flow lines would exit from the decision symbol to
illustrate the indicated course of action
GRC -Governance, Risk and Compliance - Answers - GRC refers to a strategy for
managing an organization's overall Governance, enterprise Risk management and
Compliance with regulations
Benefits of GRC - Answers - A well-planned GRC strategy comes with lots of benefits:
improved decision-making, more optimal IT investments, elimination of silos, and
reduced fragmentation among divisions and departments
Governance - Answers - The processes that ensure the effective and efficient use of IT
in enabling an organization to achieve its goals
, Risk - Answers - Making sure that any risk (or opportunity) associated with
organizational activities is identified and addressed in a way that supports the
organization's business goals
Compliance - Answers - Making sure that IT systems, and the data contained in those
systems, are used and secured properly
IT Governance helps you assess whether your organization is: - Answers - •Aligning IT
with the enterprise and realizing promised benefits
•Using IT to exploit opportunities and maximize benefits
•Using IT resources responsibly
•Managing IT risks
•Recognizing opportunities and acting upon them
IT governance framework - Answers - Describes the leadership, organizational
structures, and processes that ensure IT sustains and extends organizational strategies
and objectives
IT governance framework - Answers - 1. ITIL 4
2. ISO:IEC 38500:20015
3. COBIT 2019
ITIL Framework - Answers - ITIL - Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ITIL is a framework that helps organizations manage their IT services across their
lifecycle
ISO/IEC 38500:20015 - Answers - Model for Corporate Governance of IT provides
guiding principles for members of governing bodies of organizations on the effective,
efficient, and acceptable use of information technology (IT) within their organizations
Purpose of ISO/IEC Governance Frmanework - Answers - The purpose is to promote
effective, efficient, and acceptable use of IT in all organizations by:
- assuring stakeholders that, if the principles and practices proposed by the standard
are followed, they can have confidence in the organization's governance of IT,
- informing and guiding governing bodies in governing the use of IT in their organization
- establishing a vocabulary for the governance of IT.
Which Governance Framework separates Governance from Managment? - Answers -
COBIT 2019
COBIT or COBIT-19 - Answers - Control Objectives for Information and related
Technology
It strives to aid IT governance by helping organizations generate the maximum added
value to the business via its IT investments, while mitigating risks and optimizing
resources.
