BIOL 200 FINAL EXAM WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
negative feedback - ANSWER-a form of regulation in which accumulation of an end
product of a process of a process SLOWS the process
positive feedback - ANSWER-a form of regulation in which an end product of a process
speeds up that process
bacteria - ANSWER-domain with prokaryotes
archaea - ANSWER-prokaryotes including extremum thermophiles
eukarya - ANSWER-the domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms (various groups
of protists and the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia
inductive reasoning - ANSWER-use specific observations to make a general statement
(hypothesis)
(specific to general)
deductive reasoning - ANSWER-use general statements (hypothesis) to reach a
specific conclusion
data - ANSWER-recorded observations
theory - ANSWER-an explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates
new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence.
technology - ANSWER-consists of any method or device that applies scientific
knowledge or some specific purpose that affects society.
hydrocarbon - ANSWER-an organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen
isomer - ANSWER-compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures
and therefore different properties.
structural isomer - ANSWER-compounds with different covalent arrangements of atoms
cis-trans isomer - ANSWER-different arrangement of atoms around double bond
geometric isomer
cis- two x's on same side
, tran two x's on opposite sides
enantomer - ANSWER-isomers that are mirror images of each other
functional group - ANSWER-chemical groups that are directly involved in chemical
reactions. has certain properties, such as shape and charge that causes it to participate
in chemical reactions in a characteristic way
ATP - ANSWER-Adenosine Triphosphate-- an adenine containing nucleoside
triphosphate that can react with H2O to make ADP and inorganic phosphate. This
energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cell.
element - ANSWER-any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance
by chemical reactions
compound - ANSWER-a substance consisting of two or more different elements
combined in a fixed ratio
atom - ANSWER-the smallest unit of of an element
atomic number - ANSWER-the number of protons in the nucleus determines this
number
atomic mass - ANSWER-sum of protons and neutrons
apoptosis - ANSWER-programmed cell death which is brought about by activation
enzymes that break down many chemical components in the cell
chromosomes - ANSWER-a cellular structure consisting of one DNA molecule and
associated protein molecules.
somatic cells - ANSWER-any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg or
their precursors
have 2 sets of chromosomes
sister chromatids - ANSWER-two copies of duplicated chromosome attached to each
other by proteins at the centromere and, sometimes, along the arm. Two sister
chromatids make one chromosome.
centromeres - ANSWER-the region on each sister chromatid where it is most closely
attached to the other chromatid by proteins that bind to the other chromatid by proteins
that bind to the centromeric DNA.
mitosis - ANSWER-division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into
5 stages: PMAT. identical to the parent cells
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
negative feedback - ANSWER-a form of regulation in which accumulation of an end
product of a process of a process SLOWS the process
positive feedback - ANSWER-a form of regulation in which an end product of a process
speeds up that process
bacteria - ANSWER-domain with prokaryotes
archaea - ANSWER-prokaryotes including extremum thermophiles
eukarya - ANSWER-the domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms (various groups
of protists and the kingdoms Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia
inductive reasoning - ANSWER-use specific observations to make a general statement
(hypothesis)
(specific to general)
deductive reasoning - ANSWER-use general statements (hypothesis) to reach a
specific conclusion
data - ANSWER-recorded observations
theory - ANSWER-an explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates
new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence.
technology - ANSWER-consists of any method or device that applies scientific
knowledge or some specific purpose that affects society.
hydrocarbon - ANSWER-an organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen
isomer - ANSWER-compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures
and therefore different properties.
structural isomer - ANSWER-compounds with different covalent arrangements of atoms
cis-trans isomer - ANSWER-different arrangement of atoms around double bond
geometric isomer
cis- two x's on same side
, tran two x's on opposite sides
enantomer - ANSWER-isomers that are mirror images of each other
functional group - ANSWER-chemical groups that are directly involved in chemical
reactions. has certain properties, such as shape and charge that causes it to participate
in chemical reactions in a characteristic way
ATP - ANSWER-Adenosine Triphosphate-- an adenine containing nucleoside
triphosphate that can react with H2O to make ADP and inorganic phosphate. This
energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cell.
element - ANSWER-any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance
by chemical reactions
compound - ANSWER-a substance consisting of two or more different elements
combined in a fixed ratio
atom - ANSWER-the smallest unit of of an element
atomic number - ANSWER-the number of protons in the nucleus determines this
number
atomic mass - ANSWER-sum of protons and neutrons
apoptosis - ANSWER-programmed cell death which is brought about by activation
enzymes that break down many chemical components in the cell
chromosomes - ANSWER-a cellular structure consisting of one DNA molecule and
associated protein molecules.
somatic cells - ANSWER-any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg or
their precursors
have 2 sets of chromosomes
sister chromatids - ANSWER-two copies of duplicated chromosome attached to each
other by proteins at the centromere and, sometimes, along the arm. Two sister
chromatids make one chromosome.
centromeres - ANSWER-the region on each sister chromatid where it is most closely
attached to the other chromatid by proteins that bind to the other chromatid by proteins
that bind to the centromeric DNA.
mitosis - ANSWER-division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into
5 stages: PMAT. identical to the parent cells
