URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS COMPLETE
STUDY SHEET QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS PREMIUM PREPARATION
MATERIAL
●● The approximate number of nephrons contained in each kidney is:
Answer: 1,000,000
●● The glomerular filtrate is described as a:
Answer: Protein-free ultrafiltrate of plasma
●● The specific gravity of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is:
Answer: 1.010
●● All of the following substances are reabsorbed from the glomerular
filtrate by active transport except:
Answer: Water
●● For active transport to occur, a substance:
Answer: Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical
energy
,●● Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must
measure substances that are:
Answer: Neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules
●● All of the following are endogenous clearance test substances except:
Answer: Inulin
●● The normal serum osmolality is:
Answer: 275 to 300 mOsm
●● Following fluid deprivation, a patient has a serum osmolality of 276
mOsm and a urine osmolality of 1000 mOsm. This patient:
Answer: Has normal concentration ability
●● Which of the following tests provides information similar to specific
gravity?
Answer: Osmolality
●● Following injection of ADH, a patient has a serum osmolality of 290
mOsm and a urine osmolality of 450 mOsm. The patient:
Answer: Lacks tubular response to ADH
●● The PAH test is used to measure:
,Answer: Renal blood flow
●● A substance that is not filtered by the glomerulus will not be found in
the urine.
Answer: False
●● Can a patient with the following results be given a nephrotoxic
medication: urine volume—720 mL/24 h, urine creatinine—100 mg/dL,
and serum creatinine—2.5 mg/dL?
Answer: No, clearance is 20 mL/min
●● Using the following values, calculate the creatinine clearance: urine
volume—1200 mL/12h, urine creatinine—60 mg/dL, and serum
creatinine—0.8 mg/dL.
Answer: 125 mL/min
●● The extent to which the kidney concentrates the glomerular filtrate
can be determined by measuring:
Answer: Urine and serum osmolality
●● In the measurement of osmolality, a solute that is dissolved in
solvent will:
Answer: Decrease the freezing point
, ●● Decreased production of aldosterone:
Answer: Produces a high urine volume
●● For active transport to occur, a chemical:
Answer: must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical
energy
●● Test to measure the tubular secretion of hydrogen ions include all of
the following except:
Answer: urinary bicarbonate
●● The renal function that is most frequently the first affected by early
renal disease is:
Answer: Tubular reabsorption
●● Water is passively reabsorbed in all parts of the nephron except the:
Answer: Ascending loop of Henle
●● A patient with polyuria shows a high specific gravity in the urine.
The patient should be evaluated for:
Answer: Diabetes mellitus
●● All of the following are components of normal urine except:
STUDY SHEET QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS PREMIUM PREPARATION
MATERIAL
●● The approximate number of nephrons contained in each kidney is:
Answer: 1,000,000
●● The glomerular filtrate is described as a:
Answer: Protein-free ultrafiltrate of plasma
●● The specific gravity of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is:
Answer: 1.010
●● All of the following substances are reabsorbed from the glomerular
filtrate by active transport except:
Answer: Water
●● For active transport to occur, a substance:
Answer: Must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical
energy
,●● Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must
measure substances that are:
Answer: Neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules
●● All of the following are endogenous clearance test substances except:
Answer: Inulin
●● The normal serum osmolality is:
Answer: 275 to 300 mOsm
●● Following fluid deprivation, a patient has a serum osmolality of 276
mOsm and a urine osmolality of 1000 mOsm. This patient:
Answer: Has normal concentration ability
●● Which of the following tests provides information similar to specific
gravity?
Answer: Osmolality
●● Following injection of ADH, a patient has a serum osmolality of 290
mOsm and a urine osmolality of 450 mOsm. The patient:
Answer: Lacks tubular response to ADH
●● The PAH test is used to measure:
,Answer: Renal blood flow
●● A substance that is not filtered by the glomerulus will not be found in
the urine.
Answer: False
●● Can a patient with the following results be given a nephrotoxic
medication: urine volume—720 mL/24 h, urine creatinine—100 mg/dL,
and serum creatinine—2.5 mg/dL?
Answer: No, clearance is 20 mL/min
●● Using the following values, calculate the creatinine clearance: urine
volume—1200 mL/12h, urine creatinine—60 mg/dL, and serum
creatinine—0.8 mg/dL.
Answer: 125 mL/min
●● The extent to which the kidney concentrates the glomerular filtrate
can be determined by measuring:
Answer: Urine and serum osmolality
●● In the measurement of osmolality, a solute that is dissolved in
solvent will:
Answer: Decrease the freezing point
, ●● Decreased production of aldosterone:
Answer: Produces a high urine volume
●● For active transport to occur, a chemical:
Answer: must combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical
energy
●● Test to measure the tubular secretion of hydrogen ions include all of
the following except:
Answer: urinary bicarbonate
●● The renal function that is most frequently the first affected by early
renal disease is:
Answer: Tubular reabsorption
●● Water is passively reabsorbed in all parts of the nephron except the:
Answer: Ascending loop of Henle
●● A patient with polyuria shows a high specific gravity in the urine.
The patient should be evaluated for:
Answer: Diabetes mellitus
●● All of the following are components of normal urine except:
