URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS ACTUAL
TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION VERIFIED RESOURCE
●● Reagent Performance
Answer: Analytical
●● Result Performing
Answer: Post-analytical
●● Organic constituents of urine
Answer: Urea, Creatinine, uric acid
●● Inorganic constituents of urine
Answer: Chloride, Sodium, Potassium
●● Normal range of daily output of urine
Answer: Average: 1200-1500ml/day; Reference Range: 600-2000ml/day
●● Oliguria
Answer: Less than 600ml urine/day
,●● Nocturia
Answer: Increased urine output at night
●● Polyuria
Answer: Increased urine output (over 2000ml/day)
●● Polydipsia
Answer: Increased thirst/water intake
●● Diabetes Mellitus
Answer: Decreased/defect in insulin production; Increased glucose in
urine, high specific gravity
●● Diabetes Insipidus
Answer: Decrease in antidiuretic hormone; low specific gravity
●● Changes in urine specimen at room temperature for more than 2
hours
Answer: Color: modified/darkened; Clarity: Decreased; Odor: increases
ammonia smell; pH: increased; Glucose: decreased; Ketones: decreased;
Bilirubin: decreased; Urobilinogen: decreased; Nitrate: increased; RBCs,
WBCs, and casts: decreased; Bacteria: increased; Trichomonas:
decreased
,●● Best preservation method for urine specimen
Answer: Refrigeration
●● Reasons a laboratory would reject a urine specimen
Answer: Specimen in unlabeled containers, non-matching labels and
requisition form, specimens contaminated with toilet paper or feces,
containers with contaminated exteriors
●● Methods for preserving urines
Answer: Refrigeration, Urine collection kits, Light gray and gray C&S
tubes, Yellow UA plus tube; The ideal preservative is bactericidal,
inhibits urease, and preserves the formed elements in the sediment (like
casts, crystals, and cells)
●● Random urine specimen
Answer: Routine testing
●● First morning urine specimen
Answer: Routine testing, pregnancy testing, orthostatic proteins
(prostatic issues)
●● 24-hour urine specimen
Answer: Quantitative chemical tests
, ●● Catheterized urine specimen
Answer: Bacterial culture, or drugs of abuse on adolescents who are
unwilling or unconscious
●● Midstream urine specimen
Answer: Routine testing, bacterial cultures
●● Suprapubic aspiration urine specimen
Answer: Bacterial cultures, cytology
●● Three and four glass collections urine specimen
Answer: Prostatic infections
●● Methods for determining whether a questionable fluid is urine
Answer: Creatinine and Urea test; specific gravity must be above 1.005
or it is not urine
●● Functions of the kidneys
Answer: Excretory, Regulatory, Synthetic
●● Functional unit of the kidney
Answer: Nephron
TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION VERIFIED RESOURCE
●● Reagent Performance
Answer: Analytical
●● Result Performing
Answer: Post-analytical
●● Organic constituents of urine
Answer: Urea, Creatinine, uric acid
●● Inorganic constituents of urine
Answer: Chloride, Sodium, Potassium
●● Normal range of daily output of urine
Answer: Average: 1200-1500ml/day; Reference Range: 600-2000ml/day
●● Oliguria
Answer: Less than 600ml urine/day
,●● Nocturia
Answer: Increased urine output at night
●● Polyuria
Answer: Increased urine output (over 2000ml/day)
●● Polydipsia
Answer: Increased thirst/water intake
●● Diabetes Mellitus
Answer: Decreased/defect in insulin production; Increased glucose in
urine, high specific gravity
●● Diabetes Insipidus
Answer: Decrease in antidiuretic hormone; low specific gravity
●● Changes in urine specimen at room temperature for more than 2
hours
Answer: Color: modified/darkened; Clarity: Decreased; Odor: increases
ammonia smell; pH: increased; Glucose: decreased; Ketones: decreased;
Bilirubin: decreased; Urobilinogen: decreased; Nitrate: increased; RBCs,
WBCs, and casts: decreased; Bacteria: increased; Trichomonas:
decreased
,●● Best preservation method for urine specimen
Answer: Refrigeration
●● Reasons a laboratory would reject a urine specimen
Answer: Specimen in unlabeled containers, non-matching labels and
requisition form, specimens contaminated with toilet paper or feces,
containers with contaminated exteriors
●● Methods for preserving urines
Answer: Refrigeration, Urine collection kits, Light gray and gray C&S
tubes, Yellow UA plus tube; The ideal preservative is bactericidal,
inhibits urease, and preserves the formed elements in the sediment (like
casts, crystals, and cells)
●● Random urine specimen
Answer: Routine testing
●● First morning urine specimen
Answer: Routine testing, pregnancy testing, orthostatic proteins
(prostatic issues)
●● 24-hour urine specimen
Answer: Quantitative chemical tests
, ●● Catheterized urine specimen
Answer: Bacterial culture, or drugs of abuse on adolescents who are
unwilling or unconscious
●● Midstream urine specimen
Answer: Routine testing, bacterial cultures
●● Suprapubic aspiration urine specimen
Answer: Bacterial cultures, cytology
●● Three and four glass collections urine specimen
Answer: Prostatic infections
●● Methods for determining whether a questionable fluid is urine
Answer: Creatinine and Urea test; specific gravity must be above 1.005
or it is not urine
●● Functions of the kidneys
Answer: Excretory, Regulatory, Synthetic
●● Functional unit of the kidney
Answer: Nephron
