243 mh - amy chaffin exam 1 (2025) actual exam comprehensive questions and verified
accurate solution (detailed & elaborated) |get it 100% accurate!! 2025 test!!
Sigmund Freud theory was on which developments? - -personality, awareness, anxiety,
defense mechanism, and psychosexual development
--What are the three levels of awareness Freud had? - -1. conscious:Holds all memories,
perception, thoughts, fantasies, and feelings
2. preconscious: Material retrieved by conscious effort
3. unconscious: repressed memories and passions associated with trauma
--In terms of Freud where are his 3 personality structures? And ages they occur? - -Id: occurs
at birth, a pleasure principle, cannot tolerate frustration, cannot problem solve
Ego: happens when a child interacts with others, is able to solve their frustration by
problem-solving and differentiating reality
Superego: 3-5 yrs old, develop a consciousness of right and wrong
--A patient tells a healthcare worker they remind them of their sister because their smile is
an example of what? - -Transference (an unconscious feeling of pt to health care worker)
--A nurse thinking a nagging patient reminds them of their mom is an example of what ? - -
countertransference (an unconscious feeling of healthcare worker to pt)
--What was Sullivan's theory? - -interpersonal theory - humans are driven by the need of
interaction
--What is interpersonal therapy? - -short term therapy that reduce anxiety (ex. talking to
student before a test to distract you from nerves)
--interpersonal therapy responds best towards what problems? - -Grief and loss
(death/divorce), interpersonal dispute (conflict with sig. other), role transition (problematic
change in life status/social role)
,--What is the goal of behavior therapy? - -change in behavior can be modified through
conditioning
--What was Watson theory ? - -Behavioral therapy - controlling environment can mold
behavior and anyone could be trained to be anything
--What was Pavlov's experiment? - -classical condition - linking a neutral stimulus with
another stimulus (response involuntary)
Ex: dog salivating to food with the sound of a bell
--What was Skinner experiment? - -Operant - use reinforcement to make a behavior occur
more frequently
Ex: Skinner box with rat and response lever
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is modeling? - -Having a role model
Ex: pt learns through imitation
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is operant conditioning? - -Using POSITIVE
reinforcement for good/desired behavior
Ex: Kid at the store acting out, you ignore there acting out and reward them when they act
appropriately
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is exposure therapy? - -Used on pt with anxiety,
phobias, or memories. Expose pt to fear slowly to eliminate or lower their anxiety
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is aversion therapy? - -Paring negative behavior with a
negative reinforcement/stimulus
Ex: Biting of nails we would apply a bitter nail polish
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is biofeedback - -Using of our own body to eliminate
stress and anxiety
, --What did Hildegard Peplau do? - -Helped to recognize level of anxiety pt is at, and set for
nurses to observe behavior in themselves and pt
- self awareness helps focus on PT
--What is cognitive therapy? - -therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of
thinking; thinking comes before actions (interplay with individual and environment)
--Who established rational-emotive therapy? and what is the goal - -[Ellis] Aims to eradicate
irrational beliefs and recognize thoughts that are not accurate of useful.
Ex: Pt stating "voices in my head are telling me to hurt myself- and this therapy would help
them to recognize it is not accurate
--What was Aaron Beck therapy? - -Cognitive behavioral therapy - This helped to identify
and test distorted negative thoughts and change way of thinking by making it into positive
thinking
--What patients does trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy target? - -Sexual
abuse/trauma mainly in children and helps to identify feelings and mange them
--What is the goal of dialectical behavior therapy? - -Integration of opposites to help pt give
up extreme positions
-used for emotional dysregulation
--What is the nursing implications for cognitive theories for nursing - -helps to identify
negative thinking patterns and interplay of events/triggers, nurses will work though those
thoughts to turn them
--What is the approach of humanistic theories - -Focus on human potential, personal
growth, and strengths of a pt. When a lower need is meet you can emerge
GOAL: Human striving for self actualization
--What are the hierarchy of needs? - -physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-
actualization [In order from most important to least]
accurate solution (detailed & elaborated) |get it 100% accurate!! 2025 test!!
Sigmund Freud theory was on which developments? - -personality, awareness, anxiety,
defense mechanism, and psychosexual development
--What are the three levels of awareness Freud had? - -1. conscious:Holds all memories,
perception, thoughts, fantasies, and feelings
2. preconscious: Material retrieved by conscious effort
3. unconscious: repressed memories and passions associated with trauma
--In terms of Freud where are his 3 personality structures? And ages they occur? - -Id: occurs
at birth, a pleasure principle, cannot tolerate frustration, cannot problem solve
Ego: happens when a child interacts with others, is able to solve their frustration by
problem-solving and differentiating reality
Superego: 3-5 yrs old, develop a consciousness of right and wrong
--A patient tells a healthcare worker they remind them of their sister because their smile is
an example of what? - -Transference (an unconscious feeling of pt to health care worker)
--A nurse thinking a nagging patient reminds them of their mom is an example of what ? - -
countertransference (an unconscious feeling of healthcare worker to pt)
--What was Sullivan's theory? - -interpersonal theory - humans are driven by the need of
interaction
--What is interpersonal therapy? - -short term therapy that reduce anxiety (ex. talking to
student before a test to distract you from nerves)
--interpersonal therapy responds best towards what problems? - -Grief and loss
(death/divorce), interpersonal dispute (conflict with sig. other), role transition (problematic
change in life status/social role)
,--What is the goal of behavior therapy? - -change in behavior can be modified through
conditioning
--What was Watson theory ? - -Behavioral therapy - controlling environment can mold
behavior and anyone could be trained to be anything
--What was Pavlov's experiment? - -classical condition - linking a neutral stimulus with
another stimulus (response involuntary)
Ex: dog salivating to food with the sound of a bell
--What was Skinner experiment? - -Operant - use reinforcement to make a behavior occur
more frequently
Ex: Skinner box with rat and response lever
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is modeling? - -Having a role model
Ex: pt learns through imitation
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is operant conditioning? - -Using POSITIVE
reinforcement for good/desired behavior
Ex: Kid at the store acting out, you ignore there acting out and reward them when they act
appropriately
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is exposure therapy? - -Used on pt with anxiety,
phobias, or memories. Expose pt to fear slowly to eliminate or lower their anxiety
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is aversion therapy? - -Paring negative behavior with a
negative reinforcement/stimulus
Ex: Biting of nails we would apply a bitter nail polish
--In terms of behavioral therapy what is biofeedback - -Using of our own body to eliminate
stress and anxiety
, --What did Hildegard Peplau do? - -Helped to recognize level of anxiety pt is at, and set for
nurses to observe behavior in themselves and pt
- self awareness helps focus on PT
--What is cognitive therapy? - -therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of
thinking; thinking comes before actions (interplay with individual and environment)
--Who established rational-emotive therapy? and what is the goal - -[Ellis] Aims to eradicate
irrational beliefs and recognize thoughts that are not accurate of useful.
Ex: Pt stating "voices in my head are telling me to hurt myself- and this therapy would help
them to recognize it is not accurate
--What was Aaron Beck therapy? - -Cognitive behavioral therapy - This helped to identify
and test distorted negative thoughts and change way of thinking by making it into positive
thinking
--What patients does trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy target? - -Sexual
abuse/trauma mainly in children and helps to identify feelings and mange them
--What is the goal of dialectical behavior therapy? - -Integration of opposites to help pt give
up extreme positions
-used for emotional dysregulation
--What is the nursing implications for cognitive theories for nursing - -helps to identify
negative thinking patterns and interplay of events/triggers, nurses will work though those
thoughts to turn them
--What is the approach of humanistic theories - -Focus on human potential, personal
growth, and strengths of a pt. When a lower need is meet you can emerge
GOAL: Human striving for self actualization
--What are the hierarchy of needs? - -physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-
actualization [In order from most important to least]
