SYG 2000 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
REVIEW SHEET ACCURATE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS PREMIUM RESOURCE
●● Verstehen - Max Weber
Answer: "understanding" in German. Suggests that sociologists
approach social behavior from the perspective of those engaging in it.
●● Double Consciousness -W.E.B. Du Bois
Answer: A mechanism by which African Americans have two behavioral
scripts. The first is the script that any American would have by moving
through the world. The second is the script that takes the external
opinions of an often racially prejudiced onlooker into consideration.
●● Conflict Theory - Karl Marx
Answer: Marx's theory that conflicts between classes drives social
change throughout history. In Marx's version of history, each economic
system// had its own fault lines of conflict. Basically says that conflict
among competing interests is the basic, animating force of any society.
●● Feminist Theory
Answer: a conflict theory and theoretical perspective which observes
gender in its relation to power, both at the level of face-to-face
,interaction and reflexivity within a social structure at large. Focuses
include sexual orientation, race, economic status, and nationality.
●● Symbolic Interaction Theory
Answer: Eschewed big theories of society and instead focused on how
face-to-face interactions create the social world.
●● Post-modernism Theory
Answer: a condition characterized by a questioning of the notion of
progress and history, the replacement of narrative within pastiche, and
multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from disjointed
affiliations.
●● Qualitative methods
Answer: attempt to collect information about the social world that
cannot be readily converted to numeric form.
●● Quantitative methods
Answer: seek to obtain information about the social world that is already
in or can be converted to numeric form.
●● Deductive approach
, Answer: starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis, makes empirical
observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm, reject, or modify the
original theory.
●● Inductive approach
Answer: starts with empirical observations and then works to form a
theory.
●● Causality vs. Correlation
Answer: Causality means that a change in one factor causes a change in
another. Correlation, however, just means that we observe a change in
both.
●● The Challenges of Establishing Causality
Answer: Time order is important or reverse causality can occur in which
you would think that A results in change in B, but really B is causing a
change in A.
●● Dependent Variables
Answer: The outcome that the researcher is trying to explain.
●● Independent Variables
Answer: A measured factor that the researcher believes has a causal
impact on the dependent variable.
REVIEW SHEET ACCURATE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS PREMIUM RESOURCE
●● Verstehen - Max Weber
Answer: "understanding" in German. Suggests that sociologists
approach social behavior from the perspective of those engaging in it.
●● Double Consciousness -W.E.B. Du Bois
Answer: A mechanism by which African Americans have two behavioral
scripts. The first is the script that any American would have by moving
through the world. The second is the script that takes the external
opinions of an often racially prejudiced onlooker into consideration.
●● Conflict Theory - Karl Marx
Answer: Marx's theory that conflicts between classes drives social
change throughout history. In Marx's version of history, each economic
system// had its own fault lines of conflict. Basically says that conflict
among competing interests is the basic, animating force of any society.
●● Feminist Theory
Answer: a conflict theory and theoretical perspective which observes
gender in its relation to power, both at the level of face-to-face
,interaction and reflexivity within a social structure at large. Focuses
include sexual orientation, race, economic status, and nationality.
●● Symbolic Interaction Theory
Answer: Eschewed big theories of society and instead focused on how
face-to-face interactions create the social world.
●● Post-modernism Theory
Answer: a condition characterized by a questioning of the notion of
progress and history, the replacement of narrative within pastiche, and
multiple, perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from disjointed
affiliations.
●● Qualitative methods
Answer: attempt to collect information about the social world that
cannot be readily converted to numeric form.
●● Quantitative methods
Answer: seek to obtain information about the social world that is already
in or can be converted to numeric form.
●● Deductive approach
, Answer: starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis, makes empirical
observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm, reject, or modify the
original theory.
●● Inductive approach
Answer: starts with empirical observations and then works to form a
theory.
●● Causality vs. Correlation
Answer: Causality means that a change in one factor causes a change in
another. Correlation, however, just means that we observe a change in
both.
●● The Challenges of Establishing Causality
Answer: Time order is important or reverse causality can occur in which
you would think that A results in change in B, but really B is causing a
change in A.
●● Dependent Variables
Answer: The outcome that the researcher is trying to explain.
●● Independent Variables
Answer: A measured factor that the researcher believes has a causal
impact on the dependent variable.
