NUR 751 Induction Agents–Questions and Answers
| 2026 Update | 100% Correct.
neurotransmitter ; GABAa ; glycoprotein ; Cl- ; influx ; hyperpolarization ; depolarize ;
impulses
GABA:
-Gamma-aminobutyric acid = GABA = ______________
-Binds to ______ receptor (5 __________ subunits = pentamer) -
> increases ___ conductance/_____ via opening of channels -> _____________ of neuron -
> cannot ________ -> brain cannot conduct neural ________
benzos ; barbs ; prop ; etomidate ; allosteric ; inhibitory ; ketamine
GABA:
-______ + _____ + _____ + ________ + ethanol = all enhance the effects of GABA at GABAa
receptors (work as positive ________ modulators -> enhance GABAa receptor activity -
> increase GABA's _________ effect)
-Big exception = ________ = NMDA antagonist
barbiturate ; phencyclidine/PCP ; imidazole ; phenol ; benzo
Classes:
-Sodium thiopental = ___________ = no longer available in US
-Ketamine = _____________/___ derivative (hallucinogen)
-Etomidate = __________ derivative
,-Propofol = substituted ______
-Midazolam = _____
10.5 ; incompatible ; awakening ; redistribution ; brain/plasma ; sequestered ; plasma ;
infusion
Sodium Pentothal/Thiopental:
-pH ____ = highly alkaline solution is ___________ w/ most drugs
-Rapid ___________ after a single IV dose reflects rapid ____________ of this drug (same
thing for most induction agents)
-The equilibration of _____/_______ concentration = rapid
-____________ in fat/skeletal muscle + will remain in ______ (esp. w/ prolonged ________)
SNS ; SVR ; CO ; contractility ; peripheral ; redirect ; organs ; central
Sodium Pentothal/Thiopental:
-Barbiturates = selectively depress the ___ -> decreased BP (___ & __) + decreased
cardiac ___________
-Hypovolemia/shock = _________ compartment does NOT receive much of the drug (since
body is vasoconstricted to ______ blood flow to _______) -> concentration in the
_______ compartment is much higher
lipid ; 72-86% ; aspirin ; compete ; enhance ; displacement ; free ; dose
Sodium Pentothal/Thiopental: Protein Binding
, -Protein binding is high due to high _____ solubility (like most induction agents) = __-___ of
drug binds to albumin
-______ & other protein bound drugs = may ______ for protein binding sites ->
_______ effect of thiopental (drug-drug ____________ effect)
-Hypoalbuminemia -> increased ____ drug -> lower ____ needed
barbiturate ; 0.75-1 ; rapid ; 8-10 ; ECT ; long ; shortens ; smoother
Methohexital:
-Another __________
-Dose = ____-_ mg/kg
-_____ onset
-DOA = _-__ min
-Gold standard for ___ = want a "____" seizure
-NOT prop because = _______ seizure duration -> less effective therapy (but does have
_______ emergence)
crisis ; heme ; congenital ; AIP/acute ; thiopental ; methohexital
Porphyria:
-Barbiturates = can trigger a _____
-____ (vital component of RBCs) biosynthesis is altered
-_________/primarily inherited dz
| 2026 Update | 100% Correct.
neurotransmitter ; GABAa ; glycoprotein ; Cl- ; influx ; hyperpolarization ; depolarize ;
impulses
GABA:
-Gamma-aminobutyric acid = GABA = ______________
-Binds to ______ receptor (5 __________ subunits = pentamer) -
> increases ___ conductance/_____ via opening of channels -> _____________ of neuron -
> cannot ________ -> brain cannot conduct neural ________
benzos ; barbs ; prop ; etomidate ; allosteric ; inhibitory ; ketamine
GABA:
-______ + _____ + _____ + ________ + ethanol = all enhance the effects of GABA at GABAa
receptors (work as positive ________ modulators -> enhance GABAa receptor activity -
> increase GABA's _________ effect)
-Big exception = ________ = NMDA antagonist
barbiturate ; phencyclidine/PCP ; imidazole ; phenol ; benzo
Classes:
-Sodium thiopental = ___________ = no longer available in US
-Ketamine = _____________/___ derivative (hallucinogen)
-Etomidate = __________ derivative
,-Propofol = substituted ______
-Midazolam = _____
10.5 ; incompatible ; awakening ; redistribution ; brain/plasma ; sequestered ; plasma ;
infusion
Sodium Pentothal/Thiopental:
-pH ____ = highly alkaline solution is ___________ w/ most drugs
-Rapid ___________ after a single IV dose reflects rapid ____________ of this drug (same
thing for most induction agents)
-The equilibration of _____/_______ concentration = rapid
-____________ in fat/skeletal muscle + will remain in ______ (esp. w/ prolonged ________)
SNS ; SVR ; CO ; contractility ; peripheral ; redirect ; organs ; central
Sodium Pentothal/Thiopental:
-Barbiturates = selectively depress the ___ -> decreased BP (___ & __) + decreased
cardiac ___________
-Hypovolemia/shock = _________ compartment does NOT receive much of the drug (since
body is vasoconstricted to ______ blood flow to _______) -> concentration in the
_______ compartment is much higher
lipid ; 72-86% ; aspirin ; compete ; enhance ; displacement ; free ; dose
Sodium Pentothal/Thiopental: Protein Binding
, -Protein binding is high due to high _____ solubility (like most induction agents) = __-___ of
drug binds to albumin
-______ & other protein bound drugs = may ______ for protein binding sites ->
_______ effect of thiopental (drug-drug ____________ effect)
-Hypoalbuminemia -> increased ____ drug -> lower ____ needed
barbiturate ; 0.75-1 ; rapid ; 8-10 ; ECT ; long ; shortens ; smoother
Methohexital:
-Another __________
-Dose = ____-_ mg/kg
-_____ onset
-DOA = _-__ min
-Gold standard for ___ = want a "____" seizure
-NOT prop because = _______ seizure duration -> less effective therapy (but does have
_______ emergence)
crisis ; heme ; congenital ; AIP/acute ; thiopental ; methohexital
Porphyria:
-Barbiturates = can trigger a _____
-____ (vital component of RBCs) biosynthesis is altered
-_________/primarily inherited dz
