Pathophysiology Exam 1 Sample Questions with answer
100% correct
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (189)
A report comes back indicating that B. Size
muscular atrophy has occurred. A nurse
recalls that muscular atrophy involves a
decrease in muscle cell:
a. number
b. size
c. vacuoles
d. lipofuscin
During childhood, the thymus decreases A. Physiologic
in size, and this is referred to as what type
of atrophy?
a. Physiologic
b. Pathologic
c. Disuse
d. Neurogenic
When planning care for a cardiac patient, A. Increase in size
the nurse knows that in response to an
increased workload, cardiac myocardial
cells will experience hypertrophy which is
an:
a.increase in size
b. decrease in length
c. increase in excitability
d. decrease in number
,A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of C. Metaplasia
smoking is examined for respiratory
disturbance. Examination of his airway
(bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous
epithelial cells have replaced the normal
columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular
adaption is called:
a.anaplasia
b. hyperplasia
c. metaplasia
d. dysplasia
When planning care for the pregnant B. Hormonal hyperplasia
patient, the nurse will recall that the
mammary glands enlarge as a
consequence of:
a.compensatory hyperplasia
b. hormonal hyperplasia
c. hormonal anaplasia
d. compensatory anaplasia
A 24-year-old female presents with D. Pathologic hyperplasia
excessive menstrual bleeding. The
physician identified endometrial changes
that are due to hormonal imbalances.
These cellular changes would be
referred to as:
a.dysplasia
b. pathologic dysplasia
c. hyperplasia
d. pathologic hyperplas
A 55-year-old male is diagnosed with C. Compensatory hyperplasia
hepatocellular cancer secondary to
hepatitis C. If the cancerous region of his
liver is removed, the remaining cells would
undergo:
a. pathologic hyperplasia
b. pathologic metaplasia
c. compensatory hyperplasia
d. compensatory aplasia
A 40-year-old female's Pap smear indicates D. Dyspalsia
abnormal changes in the shape and
organization of cervical cells. Which term
would be used to identify this type of
change?
a. Metaplasia
b.Atrophy
c. Hypertrophy
d. Dysplasia
,A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain C. Ischemia
on exertion. The chest pain is most likely due
to hypoxic injury secondary to:
a. malnutrition
b. free radicals
c. ischemia
d. chemical toxicity
A patient has a heart attack that leads to D. Necrosis
progressive cell injury that causes cell death
with severe cell swelling and breakdown
of organelles. What term would the nurse
use to define this process?
a.Adaptation
b. Calcification
c. Apoptosis
D. Necrosis
Sodium and water accumulation in A. Decreased ATP production
an injured cell are a direct result
of:
a. decreased ATP production
b. karyorrhexis
c. ribosome detachment
d. dehydration
The early dilation (swelling) of the C. Reduced protein synthesis
cell's endoplasmic reticulum results
in:
a.increased aerobic metabolism
b. failure of DNA
c. reduced protein synthesis
d. increase Na+ - K+ pump function
A 52-year-old male suffered a myocardial A. Oxidative stress
infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and
ischemia. Once blood flow is returned to
the damaged heart, reperfusion injury
occurs as a result of:
a.oxidative stress
b. vacuolation
c. decreased intracellular calcium
d. lipid acceptor proteins
A family presents to their primary B. Carbon monoxide poisoning
care provider reporting headache,
nausea,
weakness, tinnitus, and vomiting. Which of
the following would be the most likely
expression for these symptoms?
a.Lead exposure
b.Carbon monoxide poisoning
c. Ethanol exposure
d. Mercury poisoning
, A common pathway of irreversible cell injury D. Calcium
involved increased intracellular:
a. sodium
b. potassium
c. magnesium
d. calcium
A 50-year-old male sustained a closed head A. Subdural hematoma
injury as a result of a motor vehicle
accident. CT scan revealed a collection
of blood between the inner surface of the
dura mater and the surface of the brain.
Which type of
injury will the nurse be caring for?
a.Subdural hematoma
b. Epidural hematoma
c. Contusion
d. Abrasion
A 20-year-old male presents to the B. Incised wound
emergency department with a
jagged sharp-force injury that is longer
than it is
deep. What type of wound would the nurse
be caring for?
a.Stab wound
b. Incised wound
c. Puncture wound
d. Chopping wound
A 30-year-old female presents with a C. Contact range entrance
gunshot wound to the head. The wound has
seared edges and a deep penetration of
smoke and gunpowder fragments. This
wound would be documented as a(n):
a. exit
b. intermediate range entrance
c. contact range entrance
d. indeterminate range entrance
A 15-year-old female presents to the ER D. Manual strangulation
following a physical assault. She has internal
damage to the neck with deep bruising.
X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone
and tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which
of the following most likely caused her
injuries?
a.Chemical asphyxiation
b.Choking asphyxiation
c. Ligature strangulation
d. Manual strangulation
100% correct
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (189)
A report comes back indicating that B. Size
muscular atrophy has occurred. A nurse
recalls that muscular atrophy involves a
decrease in muscle cell:
a. number
b. size
c. vacuoles
d. lipofuscin
During childhood, the thymus decreases A. Physiologic
in size, and this is referred to as what type
of atrophy?
a. Physiologic
b. Pathologic
c. Disuse
d. Neurogenic
When planning care for a cardiac patient, A. Increase in size
the nurse knows that in response to an
increased workload, cardiac myocardial
cells will experience hypertrophy which is
an:
a.increase in size
b. decrease in length
c. increase in excitability
d. decrease in number
,A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of C. Metaplasia
smoking is examined for respiratory
disturbance. Examination of his airway
(bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous
epithelial cells have replaced the normal
columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular
adaption is called:
a.anaplasia
b. hyperplasia
c. metaplasia
d. dysplasia
When planning care for the pregnant B. Hormonal hyperplasia
patient, the nurse will recall that the
mammary glands enlarge as a
consequence of:
a.compensatory hyperplasia
b. hormonal hyperplasia
c. hormonal anaplasia
d. compensatory anaplasia
A 24-year-old female presents with D. Pathologic hyperplasia
excessive menstrual bleeding. The
physician identified endometrial changes
that are due to hormonal imbalances.
These cellular changes would be
referred to as:
a.dysplasia
b. pathologic dysplasia
c. hyperplasia
d. pathologic hyperplas
A 55-year-old male is diagnosed with C. Compensatory hyperplasia
hepatocellular cancer secondary to
hepatitis C. If the cancerous region of his
liver is removed, the remaining cells would
undergo:
a. pathologic hyperplasia
b. pathologic metaplasia
c. compensatory hyperplasia
d. compensatory aplasia
A 40-year-old female's Pap smear indicates D. Dyspalsia
abnormal changes in the shape and
organization of cervical cells. Which term
would be used to identify this type of
change?
a. Metaplasia
b.Atrophy
c. Hypertrophy
d. Dysplasia
,A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain C. Ischemia
on exertion. The chest pain is most likely due
to hypoxic injury secondary to:
a. malnutrition
b. free radicals
c. ischemia
d. chemical toxicity
A patient has a heart attack that leads to D. Necrosis
progressive cell injury that causes cell death
with severe cell swelling and breakdown
of organelles. What term would the nurse
use to define this process?
a.Adaptation
b. Calcification
c. Apoptosis
D. Necrosis
Sodium and water accumulation in A. Decreased ATP production
an injured cell are a direct result
of:
a. decreased ATP production
b. karyorrhexis
c. ribosome detachment
d. dehydration
The early dilation (swelling) of the C. Reduced protein synthesis
cell's endoplasmic reticulum results
in:
a.increased aerobic metabolism
b. failure of DNA
c. reduced protein synthesis
d. increase Na+ - K+ pump function
A 52-year-old male suffered a myocardial A. Oxidative stress
infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and
ischemia. Once blood flow is returned to
the damaged heart, reperfusion injury
occurs as a result of:
a.oxidative stress
b. vacuolation
c. decreased intracellular calcium
d. lipid acceptor proteins
A family presents to their primary B. Carbon monoxide poisoning
care provider reporting headache,
nausea,
weakness, tinnitus, and vomiting. Which of
the following would be the most likely
expression for these symptoms?
a.Lead exposure
b.Carbon monoxide poisoning
c. Ethanol exposure
d. Mercury poisoning
, A common pathway of irreversible cell injury D. Calcium
involved increased intracellular:
a. sodium
b. potassium
c. magnesium
d. calcium
A 50-year-old male sustained a closed head A. Subdural hematoma
injury as a result of a motor vehicle
accident. CT scan revealed a collection
of blood between the inner surface of the
dura mater and the surface of the brain.
Which type of
injury will the nurse be caring for?
a.Subdural hematoma
b. Epidural hematoma
c. Contusion
d. Abrasion
A 20-year-old male presents to the B. Incised wound
emergency department with a
jagged sharp-force injury that is longer
than it is
deep. What type of wound would the nurse
be caring for?
a.Stab wound
b. Incised wound
c. Puncture wound
d. Chopping wound
A 30-year-old female presents with a C. Contact range entrance
gunshot wound to the head. The wound has
seared edges and a deep penetration of
smoke and gunpowder fragments. This
wound would be documented as a(n):
a. exit
b. intermediate range entrance
c. contact range entrance
d. indeterminate range entrance
A 15-year-old female presents to the ER D. Manual strangulation
following a physical assault. She has internal
damage to the neck with deep bruising.
X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone
and tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which
of the following most likely caused her
injuries?
a.Chemical asphyxiation
b.Choking asphyxiation
c. Ligature strangulation
d. Manual strangulation
