ACSM CEP REVIEW CORE MAIN QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Children Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Proper instruction provided for strength
training.
2. B/c of immature thermoregulatory systems, avoid hot weather and stay hydrated
3. OW and physically inactive kids should gradually increase frequency and time of PA
4. Children with disabilities or disease should have their Ex Rx tailored to them
5. Decrease sedentary activity
✔✔Older Adults Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Intensity and duration should be light at
first
2. Progression tailored to tolerance and preference
3. Muscular strength is more important with age
4. Supervise strength training
5. Muscle strengthening activities may need to precede aerobic training
6. Gradually exceed the recommended minimum amounts of PA
7. If chronic conditions preclude activity at the recommended min. amount, activities
should be performed as tolerated to avoid being sedentary
8. Exceed min amount of PA to improve chronic conditions
9. Mod. intensity PA should be encouraged for individuals with cognitive decline
10. Structured PA sessions should end with an appropriate cool down
11. Incorporate behavior strategies to enhance participation
, 12. Regular feedback and positive reinforcement to increase adherence
✔✔Low Back Pain Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Promote spinal stabilization
2. Certain exercises and positions may aggravate symps (walking downhill)
3. Encourage exercises that result in a centralization of symps
4. Encourage flexibility
✔✔Arthritis Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Avoid strenuous exercises during acute flare
ups and periods of inflammation
2. Long warm up and cool down
3. Individuals with significant pain and functional limitations should perform as much PA
as they can
4. Exss during times of the day where pain is less severe and/ or in conjunction with
peak activity of pain meds
5. Appropriate shoes
6. Functional exercises help improve neuromotor control
7. Water exercise temp- 83-88
✔✔Cancer Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Up to 90% of all cancer survivors will
experience cancer related fatigue
2. Bone is a common site of metastases in many cancers
3. Cachexia prevalent in pts. with advanced GI cancers
4. Identify when a pt. is in an immune surpressed state --> exercise at home or a
medical setting
5. Avoid swimming with catheters
6. Pts. receiving chemo may experience sickness and fatigue
✔✔Cerebral Palsy Special Considerations - ✔✔1. FITT principle is unclear
2. B/c of lack of movement control, energy expenditure is high at low power output
3. If balance is a problem use the bike
4. Fatigue easily because of poor economy of movement
5. Resistance training increases strength without an adverse effect on muscle tone
6. Resistance exercises designed to target weak muscle groups that oppose hypertonic
muscle groups improve the strength and normalize the tone
7. Hypertonic muscles should be stretched slowly throughout the workout program
8. Children- inhibit abnormal reflex activity, normalize muscle tone, and develop
reactions to increase equilibrium
9.Athletes- sport specific fitness testing to determine fitness areas for improvement
10. Good positioning of the head, trunk, and proximal joints of extremities to control
persistent primitive reflexes is preferred to strapping
11. More prone to overuse injuries b/c of their higher incidence of inactivity
✔✔Diabetes Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Hypoglycemia- most serious problem
2. Blood glucose monitoring before and after exercise is important
3. Timing of insulin should be considered
4. PA with oral hypoglycemic agents has not been studied well
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Children Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Proper instruction provided for strength
training.
2. B/c of immature thermoregulatory systems, avoid hot weather and stay hydrated
3. OW and physically inactive kids should gradually increase frequency and time of PA
4. Children with disabilities or disease should have their Ex Rx tailored to them
5. Decrease sedentary activity
✔✔Older Adults Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Intensity and duration should be light at
first
2. Progression tailored to tolerance and preference
3. Muscular strength is more important with age
4. Supervise strength training
5. Muscle strengthening activities may need to precede aerobic training
6. Gradually exceed the recommended minimum amounts of PA
7. If chronic conditions preclude activity at the recommended min. amount, activities
should be performed as tolerated to avoid being sedentary
8. Exceed min amount of PA to improve chronic conditions
9. Mod. intensity PA should be encouraged for individuals with cognitive decline
10. Structured PA sessions should end with an appropriate cool down
11. Incorporate behavior strategies to enhance participation
, 12. Regular feedback and positive reinforcement to increase adherence
✔✔Low Back Pain Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Promote spinal stabilization
2. Certain exercises and positions may aggravate symps (walking downhill)
3. Encourage exercises that result in a centralization of symps
4. Encourage flexibility
✔✔Arthritis Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Avoid strenuous exercises during acute flare
ups and periods of inflammation
2. Long warm up and cool down
3. Individuals with significant pain and functional limitations should perform as much PA
as they can
4. Exss during times of the day where pain is less severe and/ or in conjunction with
peak activity of pain meds
5. Appropriate shoes
6. Functional exercises help improve neuromotor control
7. Water exercise temp- 83-88
✔✔Cancer Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Up to 90% of all cancer survivors will
experience cancer related fatigue
2. Bone is a common site of metastases in many cancers
3. Cachexia prevalent in pts. with advanced GI cancers
4. Identify when a pt. is in an immune surpressed state --> exercise at home or a
medical setting
5. Avoid swimming with catheters
6. Pts. receiving chemo may experience sickness and fatigue
✔✔Cerebral Palsy Special Considerations - ✔✔1. FITT principle is unclear
2. B/c of lack of movement control, energy expenditure is high at low power output
3. If balance is a problem use the bike
4. Fatigue easily because of poor economy of movement
5. Resistance training increases strength without an adverse effect on muscle tone
6. Resistance exercises designed to target weak muscle groups that oppose hypertonic
muscle groups improve the strength and normalize the tone
7. Hypertonic muscles should be stretched slowly throughout the workout program
8. Children- inhibit abnormal reflex activity, normalize muscle tone, and develop
reactions to increase equilibrium
9.Athletes- sport specific fitness testing to determine fitness areas for improvement
10. Good positioning of the head, trunk, and proximal joints of extremities to control
persistent primitive reflexes is preferred to strapping
11. More prone to overuse injuries b/c of their higher incidence of inactivity
✔✔Diabetes Special Considerations - ✔✔1. Hypoglycemia- most serious problem
2. Blood glucose monitoring before and after exercise is important
3. Timing of insulin should be considered
4. PA with oral hypoglycemic agents has not been studied well
