FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed oral medication
to a hospitalized adult. Before giving the medication, the nurse
notices the patient states, "That pill doesn't look like the one I
usually take." What is the nurse's best action?
A. Administer the medication because it matches the
medication administration record.
B. Reassure the patient that medications often change
appearance.
C. Withhold the medication until the prescription and
medication are verified.
D. Ask another nurse to administer the medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
A patient's concern about an unfamiliar medication should
always prompt verification before administration. The nurse
should compare the medication with the provider's
prescription, medication administration record, and pharmacy
label to ensure the correct drug has been dispensed.
Administering the medication without verification could result
in a medication error. Asking another nurse to administer the
medication does not resolve the concern.
,Question 2
A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient on the
floor next to the bed. Which action should the nurse perform
first?
A. Assist the patient back into bed.
B. Assess the patient for injuries and level of consciousness.
C. Notify the health care provider immediately.
D. Complete an incident report.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The priority is to assess the patient's condition for injuries, level
of consciousness, pain, and vital signs before moving the
patient. Further actions, including notifying the provider,
documenting the event, and completing an incident report,
occur after the patient's immediate safety needs are addressed.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching a patient how to use an incentive
spirometer following abdominal surgery. Which patient
statement indicates correct understanding?
A. "I will blow into the device as hard as I can."
B. "I will inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece."
C. "I should use the spirometer only if I feel short of breath."
D. "I should cough before using the device."
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
An incentive spirometer promotes lung expansion through slow,
deep inhalation. Patients should inhale steadily to raise the
indicator, hold the breath briefly, and then exhale normally.
Forceful blowing is incorrect because the device measures
inhalation, not exhalation.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at increased risk for
pressure injuries. Which intervention is most effective in
reducing this risk?
A. Massage reddened bony prominences every shift.
B. Reposition the patient at regular intervals and inspect the
skin.
C. Apply powder to all skin folds every four hours.
D. Limit fluid intake to reduce episodes of incontinence.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Regular repositioning and routine skin assessment help prevent
prolonged pressure and identify early skin changes. Massaging
reddened areas may worsen tissue damage. Adequate
hydration supports skin integrity, and powders are not routinely
recommended for pressure injury prevention.
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed oral medication
to a hospitalized adult. Before giving the medication, the nurse
notices the patient states, "That pill doesn't look like the one I
usually take." What is the nurse's best action?
A. Administer the medication because it matches the
medication administration record.
B. Reassure the patient that medications often change
appearance.
C. Withhold the medication until the prescription and
medication are verified.
D. Ask another nurse to administer the medication.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
A patient's concern about an unfamiliar medication should
always prompt verification before administration. The nurse
should compare the medication with the provider's
prescription, medication administration record, and pharmacy
label to ensure the correct drug has been dispensed.
Administering the medication without verification could result
in a medication error. Asking another nurse to administer the
medication does not resolve the concern.
,Question 2
A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient on the
floor next to the bed. Which action should the nurse perform
first?
A. Assist the patient back into bed.
B. Assess the patient for injuries and level of consciousness.
C. Notify the health care provider immediately.
D. Complete an incident report.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The priority is to assess the patient's condition for injuries, level
of consciousness, pain, and vital signs before moving the
patient. Further actions, including notifying the provider,
documenting the event, and completing an incident report,
occur after the patient's immediate safety needs are addressed.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching a patient how to use an incentive
spirometer following abdominal surgery. Which patient
statement indicates correct understanding?
A. "I will blow into the device as hard as I can."
B. "I will inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece."
C. "I should use the spirometer only if I feel short of breath."
D. "I should cough before using the device."
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
An incentive spirometer promotes lung expansion through slow,
deep inhalation. Patients should inhale steadily to raise the
indicator, hold the breath briefly, and then exhale normally.
Forceful blowing is incorrect because the device measures
inhalation, not exhalation.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at increased risk for
pressure injuries. Which intervention is most effective in
reducing this risk?
A. Massage reddened bony prominences every shift.
B. Reposition the patient at regular intervals and inspect the
skin.
C. Apply powder to all skin folds every four hours.
D. Limit fluid intake to reduce episodes of incontinence.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Regular repositioning and routine skin assessment help prevent
prolonged pressure and identify early skin changes. Massaging
reddened areas may worsen tissue damage. Adequate
hydration supports skin integrity, and powders are not routinely
recommended for pressure injury prevention.
