RADIOLOGY COURSE FINAL QUESTIONS
AND ACCURATE ANSWERS PREMIUM
STUDY PACK
●● The most common type of shoulder dislocation is?
Answer: Anterior is the most common type of shoulder dislocation.
The shoulder is the most common joint in the body to dislocate and most
of the dislocations are anterior. The humeral head dislocates anterior and
inferior to the glenoid fossa and commonly is located beneath the
coracoid process.
●● Lateral radiograph -- look down the spine, looks more lucent. If it
looks more dense?
Answer: Pleural effusion or something
The CP angles should be sharp, blunting may indicate pleural effusion
Pleural effusion is first seen int he posterior costophrenic gutters on the
lateral view.
●● Positive fat pad sign?
,Answer: Falls down on their elbow, fat pad sign -- elevation of the fat
pad along the anterior aspect of the humerus, visualization of the
posterior fat pad, strongly suggestive of a fracture w/in the elbow.
●● Posterior and anterior fat pads
Answer:
●● Colles Fracture?
Answer: Colles' Fracture - this is a fracture of the distal radius, which is
usually within one inch of the articular surface with posterior
displacement of the distal fragment. Frequently there is accompanying
fracture of the ulnar styloid.
●● What is the most common bone in the wrist to fracture?
Answer: Scaphoid - pain at the anatomical snuff box with scaphoid
fracture
a. Most commonly Fx carpal bone
b. Proximal pole has no blood supply :: usually can see aseptic necrosis
of the proximal fragment = increased density of the proximal fragment
●● Wrist bones
Answer:
,●● Elderly patient can't bear wait on pelvis?
Answer: Fracture unless proven otherwise. plain film may not show the
fracture.
●● Which of the following isn't associated w/ child abuse? (1) Spiral
fractures of the femur (2) Posterior Rib Fractures (3) Metaphyseal corner
fractures (4) Spiral fractures of the tibia (5) All of these
Answer: Spiral fracture of the tibia = Toddler's fracture.
Toddler's Fracture - A fracture of the tibia in young children beginning to
walk. Most commonly a spiral type fracture involving the distal shaft of
the tibia. Buckle type fracture involving the metaphyseal portion of the
proximal tibia is also common.
●● Maissoneuve Fx?
Answer:
●● What is a DEXA Scan?
Answer: The preferred method for determining bone mass is the Dual
Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan or DEXA. This utilizes two X-Ray
energy sources to determine the bone mineral content or bone mass. The
DEXA scan defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density (T Score)
that is 2.5 SD below the mean peak value in younger adults. The Z Score
is also determined and is a comparison with the mean value in normal
subjects the same age and sex.
, The severity of osteoporosis is determined by the bone values.
* -1.0 to -2.0 mild
* -2.0 to -3.0 moderate
* -3.0 to -4.0 marked
* -4.0 to -5.0 severe
●● Hyperparathyroidism - Hallmark?
Answer: The hallmark of hyperparathyroidism in the skeleton is
**subperiosteal resorption of bone,** which is particularly pronounced
on the **radial side of the middle phalanx, middle finger.** Views of the
hand are very important in demonstrating subperiosteal resorption. There
is also penciling of the tufts of the distal phalanges and penciling of the
distal aspects of the clavicles. Subperiosteal resorption may occur along
the medial aspects of the neck of the humerus and femur as well as in the
hand. There is loss of the lamina dura about the teeth and there is a
generalized lucency of the skeleton. As finer trabecula disappear, the
cortex also thins. Localized destructive areas may occur and are known
as brown tumors.
●● Paget's disease -- what is it? What is markedly elevated?
Answer: This disease is due to the imbalance of osteoclastic and
osteoblastic activity. It is very rare in patients under 50. Paget's disease
may be monosteal or generalized. Pathologically, there is increased
resorption with disorganization of bone in a characteristic mosaic
appearance. The resorption is rapidly followed by new bone formation.
Usually in pelvis and bowing of long bones. Large lytic areas in skull.
AND ACCURATE ANSWERS PREMIUM
STUDY PACK
●● The most common type of shoulder dislocation is?
Answer: Anterior is the most common type of shoulder dislocation.
The shoulder is the most common joint in the body to dislocate and most
of the dislocations are anterior. The humeral head dislocates anterior and
inferior to the glenoid fossa and commonly is located beneath the
coracoid process.
●● Lateral radiograph -- look down the spine, looks more lucent. If it
looks more dense?
Answer: Pleural effusion or something
The CP angles should be sharp, blunting may indicate pleural effusion
Pleural effusion is first seen int he posterior costophrenic gutters on the
lateral view.
●● Positive fat pad sign?
,Answer: Falls down on their elbow, fat pad sign -- elevation of the fat
pad along the anterior aspect of the humerus, visualization of the
posterior fat pad, strongly suggestive of a fracture w/in the elbow.
●● Posterior and anterior fat pads
Answer:
●● Colles Fracture?
Answer: Colles' Fracture - this is a fracture of the distal radius, which is
usually within one inch of the articular surface with posterior
displacement of the distal fragment. Frequently there is accompanying
fracture of the ulnar styloid.
●● What is the most common bone in the wrist to fracture?
Answer: Scaphoid - pain at the anatomical snuff box with scaphoid
fracture
a. Most commonly Fx carpal bone
b. Proximal pole has no blood supply :: usually can see aseptic necrosis
of the proximal fragment = increased density of the proximal fragment
●● Wrist bones
Answer:
,●● Elderly patient can't bear wait on pelvis?
Answer: Fracture unless proven otherwise. plain film may not show the
fracture.
●● Which of the following isn't associated w/ child abuse? (1) Spiral
fractures of the femur (2) Posterior Rib Fractures (3) Metaphyseal corner
fractures (4) Spiral fractures of the tibia (5) All of these
Answer: Spiral fracture of the tibia = Toddler's fracture.
Toddler's Fracture - A fracture of the tibia in young children beginning to
walk. Most commonly a spiral type fracture involving the distal shaft of
the tibia. Buckle type fracture involving the metaphyseal portion of the
proximal tibia is also common.
●● Maissoneuve Fx?
Answer:
●● What is a DEXA Scan?
Answer: The preferred method for determining bone mass is the Dual
Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan or DEXA. This utilizes two X-Ray
energy sources to determine the bone mineral content or bone mass. The
DEXA scan defines osteoporosis as a bone mineral density (T Score)
that is 2.5 SD below the mean peak value in younger adults. The Z Score
is also determined and is a comparison with the mean value in normal
subjects the same age and sex.
, The severity of osteoporosis is determined by the bone values.
* -1.0 to -2.0 mild
* -2.0 to -3.0 moderate
* -3.0 to -4.0 marked
* -4.0 to -5.0 severe
●● Hyperparathyroidism - Hallmark?
Answer: The hallmark of hyperparathyroidism in the skeleton is
**subperiosteal resorption of bone,** which is particularly pronounced
on the **radial side of the middle phalanx, middle finger.** Views of the
hand are very important in demonstrating subperiosteal resorption. There
is also penciling of the tufts of the distal phalanges and penciling of the
distal aspects of the clavicles. Subperiosteal resorption may occur along
the medial aspects of the neck of the humerus and femur as well as in the
hand. There is loss of the lamina dura about the teeth and there is a
generalized lucency of the skeleton. As finer trabecula disappear, the
cortex also thins. Localized destructive areas may occur and are known
as brown tumors.
●● Paget's disease -- what is it? What is markedly elevated?
Answer: This disease is due to the imbalance of osteoclastic and
osteoblastic activity. It is very rare in patients under 50. Paget's disease
may be monosteal or generalized. Pathologically, there is increased
resorption with disorganization of bone in a characteristic mosaic
appearance. The resorption is rapidly followed by new bone formation.
Usually in pelvis and bowing of long bones. Large lytic areas in skull.
