NSCA CSCS CHAPTER 1: STRUCTURE &
FUNCTIONS OF BODY SYSTEMS EXAM
Musculoskeletal System - Correct Answers -The configuration of bones, joints, muscles,
and tendons allowing for variety of movement.
Skeleton - Correct Answers -Contains ~206 bones distributed between the axial and
appendicular skeleton.
Axial Skeleton - Correct Answers -Consists of the:
- Skull (Cranium)
- Vertebral Column (C1 - Coccyx)
- Ribs
-Sternum
Appendicular Skeleton - Correct Answers -Consists of the:
- Shoulder/Pectoral Girdle
- Bones of the arms, wrists, and hands
- Pelvic Girdle
- Bones of the legs, ankles, and feet
Joints - Correct Answers -Junctions of bones, muscles, and connective tissue at which
movement occurs.
Fibrous Joints - Correct Answers -Consists of inflexible layers of dense connective
tissue, holding bones tightly together.
- Exp: Sutures of the Skull
Cartilaginous Joints - Correct Answers -Allow only slight movement and consist of
bones connected entirely by cartilage.
- Exp: Intervertebral Disks
Synovial Joints - Correct Answers -Allow for considerable movement, most abundant
joint type used in sports & exercise.
Uniaxial Joint - Correct Answers -Act as a hinge joint, rotating about only one axis.
- Exp: Elbow
, Biaxial Joint - Correct Answers -Allow movement about two perpendicular axes.
- Exp: Ankle & Wrist
Multiaxial Joint - Correct Answers -Allow movement in all three axes.
- Exp: Ball & Socket Joints of the shoulder and hip
Hyaline Cartilage - Correct Answers -Most common type of cartilage, covers articulating
bone ends.
Synovial Fluid - Correct Answers -Fluid within joint capsule.
Vertebral Column - Correct Answers -Vertebral bones separated by flexible disks that
allow movement to occur.
- 29 in total that occur on the exam:
- 7 Cervical Vertebrae (Neck)
- 12 Thoracic Vertebrae (Mid-Upper Back)
- 5 Lumbar Vertebrae (Low Back)
- 5 Sacral Vertebrae (Fused, Rear Pelvis)
**3-5 Coccygeal Vertebrae (Tailbone)**
Skeletal Musculature - Correct Answers -System of ~430 muscles enabling the skeleton
to move.
Macrostructure of Skeletal Muscle - Correct Answers -Overall structure of the
skeletalmuscular system.
Bone Periosteum - Correct Answers -Connective tissue covering all bones
Tendon - Correct Answers -A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue
attaching a muscle to a bone.
Epimysium - Correct Answers -Covering of skeletal muscle found to be continuous with
tendons at the ends of the muscle.
Perimysium - Correct Answers -Surrounds muscle fiber bundles.
-AKA Fasciculi.
FUNCTIONS OF BODY SYSTEMS EXAM
Musculoskeletal System - Correct Answers -The configuration of bones, joints, muscles,
and tendons allowing for variety of movement.
Skeleton - Correct Answers -Contains ~206 bones distributed between the axial and
appendicular skeleton.
Axial Skeleton - Correct Answers -Consists of the:
- Skull (Cranium)
- Vertebral Column (C1 - Coccyx)
- Ribs
-Sternum
Appendicular Skeleton - Correct Answers -Consists of the:
- Shoulder/Pectoral Girdle
- Bones of the arms, wrists, and hands
- Pelvic Girdle
- Bones of the legs, ankles, and feet
Joints - Correct Answers -Junctions of bones, muscles, and connective tissue at which
movement occurs.
Fibrous Joints - Correct Answers -Consists of inflexible layers of dense connective
tissue, holding bones tightly together.
- Exp: Sutures of the Skull
Cartilaginous Joints - Correct Answers -Allow only slight movement and consist of
bones connected entirely by cartilage.
- Exp: Intervertebral Disks
Synovial Joints - Correct Answers -Allow for considerable movement, most abundant
joint type used in sports & exercise.
Uniaxial Joint - Correct Answers -Act as a hinge joint, rotating about only one axis.
- Exp: Elbow
, Biaxial Joint - Correct Answers -Allow movement about two perpendicular axes.
- Exp: Ankle & Wrist
Multiaxial Joint - Correct Answers -Allow movement in all three axes.
- Exp: Ball & Socket Joints of the shoulder and hip
Hyaline Cartilage - Correct Answers -Most common type of cartilage, covers articulating
bone ends.
Synovial Fluid - Correct Answers -Fluid within joint capsule.
Vertebral Column - Correct Answers -Vertebral bones separated by flexible disks that
allow movement to occur.
- 29 in total that occur on the exam:
- 7 Cervical Vertebrae (Neck)
- 12 Thoracic Vertebrae (Mid-Upper Back)
- 5 Lumbar Vertebrae (Low Back)
- 5 Sacral Vertebrae (Fused, Rear Pelvis)
**3-5 Coccygeal Vertebrae (Tailbone)**
Skeletal Musculature - Correct Answers -System of ~430 muscles enabling the skeleton
to move.
Macrostructure of Skeletal Muscle - Correct Answers -Overall structure of the
skeletalmuscular system.
Bone Periosteum - Correct Answers -Connective tissue covering all bones
Tendon - Correct Answers -A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue
attaching a muscle to a bone.
Epimysium - Correct Answers -Covering of skeletal muscle found to be continuous with
tendons at the ends of the muscle.
Perimysium - Correct Answers -Surrounds muscle fiber bundles.
-AKA Fasciculi.
