PUBH 6012 FINAL CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION TESTED QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
●● Public Health (IOM/NAM) Definition
Answer: What we as a society do collectively to ensure the conditions in
which people can be healthy. The government bears special
responsibility, but it extends to efforts by all sectors -- public, private,
civil society
●● Population Health (Kindig)
Answer: Defined as the health outcomes of a group of individuals,
including the distribution of such outcomes within the group
●● Public health vs. population health
Answer: Public health is often tied to the government's role. Population
health is broader and explicitly includes the distribution of health
outcomes
●● Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
Answer: Underlying social, economic, and physical CONDITIONS that
cause poor health (e.g., lack of access to affordable food for a
community)
,●● Structural Determinants of Equity
Answer: The "causes of the causes" -- climate, socioeconomic/political
context, and structural mechanisms/policies that shape social hierarchy
and equity (e.g., racism)
●● Individual health-related social needs
Answer: Individual needs, outside the medical care system, that
contribute to poor health (e.g., one person's housing instability)
●● Health Equity (WHO)
Answer: Absence of unfair, avoidable, or remediable differences among
groups. Health equity is achieved when everyone can attain their full
potential and well-being
●● Health Equity (CDC)
Answer: The state in which everyone has a fair and just opportunity to
attain their highest level of health
●● Public Health 3.0
Answer: Modernized model focused on cross-sector collaboration,
policy/systems change, and addressing SDOH at the community level --
shifting from service delivery to policy/systems
●● Equity vs. Equality
, Answer: Equity = fair and just OPPORTUNITY, may require different
resources for different groups
Equality = same amount for all
●● Health Factors
Answer: Socioeconomic Factors: 40%
Health Behaviors: 30%
Clinical care: 20%
Physical environment: 10%
●● Why do these factors matter conceptually?
Answer: Clinical care is only 20% of what drives health, so the U.S.
overinvestment in medical care and underinvestment in SDOH helps
explain the spending-outcomes paradox
●● 3 Core Functions of Public Health
Answer: Assessment
Policy Development
Assurance
●● 6 Purposes of Public Health
Answer: Prevent epidemics/disease spread
Protect against environmental hazards
EVALUATION TESTED QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
●● Public Health (IOM/NAM) Definition
Answer: What we as a society do collectively to ensure the conditions in
which people can be healthy. The government bears special
responsibility, but it extends to efforts by all sectors -- public, private,
civil society
●● Population Health (Kindig)
Answer: Defined as the health outcomes of a group of individuals,
including the distribution of such outcomes within the group
●● Public health vs. population health
Answer: Public health is often tied to the government's role. Population
health is broader and explicitly includes the distribution of health
outcomes
●● Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
Answer: Underlying social, economic, and physical CONDITIONS that
cause poor health (e.g., lack of access to affordable food for a
community)
,●● Structural Determinants of Equity
Answer: The "causes of the causes" -- climate, socioeconomic/political
context, and structural mechanisms/policies that shape social hierarchy
and equity (e.g., racism)
●● Individual health-related social needs
Answer: Individual needs, outside the medical care system, that
contribute to poor health (e.g., one person's housing instability)
●● Health Equity (WHO)
Answer: Absence of unfair, avoidable, or remediable differences among
groups. Health equity is achieved when everyone can attain their full
potential and well-being
●● Health Equity (CDC)
Answer: The state in which everyone has a fair and just opportunity to
attain their highest level of health
●● Public Health 3.0
Answer: Modernized model focused on cross-sector collaboration,
policy/systems change, and addressing SDOH at the community level --
shifting from service delivery to policy/systems
●● Equity vs. Equality
, Answer: Equity = fair and just OPPORTUNITY, may require different
resources for different groups
Equality = same amount for all
●● Health Factors
Answer: Socioeconomic Factors: 40%
Health Behaviors: 30%
Clinical care: 20%
Physical environment: 10%
●● Why do these factors matter conceptually?
Answer: Clinical care is only 20% of what drives health, so the U.S.
overinvestment in medical care and underinvestment in SDOH helps
explain the spending-outcomes paradox
●● 3 Core Functions of Public Health
Answer: Assessment
Policy Development
Assurance
●● 6 Purposes of Public Health
Answer: Prevent epidemics/disease spread
Protect against environmental hazards
