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MAT1503 Assignment 5 2021

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UNISA MAT1503 Linear Algebra Assignment FIVE of 2021 solutions. Topics covered: Vectors. Dot products. Cross products. Determinants. Modulus of a vector. Length. Argument of a vector. Direction. Lines in 3D Planes.

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MAT1503 ASSIGNMENT 5 2021



Question 1



(1.1)

𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑢
⃗ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑃(−6, −7, 0) 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡
⃗ ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑣 = 〈−1, 2, 4〉.
𝑢



𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢
⃗ 𝑏𝑒 𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)
⃗ = 〈𝑥 − (−6), 𝑦 − (−7), 𝑧 − 0〉
𝑢
⃗ = 〈𝑥 + 6, 𝑦 + 7, 𝑧〉
𝑢



𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑢
⃗ ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑣 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑢
⃗ = 𝑘𝑣 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑘 > 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟.
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑘 = 2
𝑢
⃗ = 2𝑣
〈𝑥 + 6, 𝑦 + 7, 𝑧〉 = 2〈−1, 2, 4〉
〈𝑥 + 6, 𝑦 + 7, 𝑧〉 = 〈−2, 4, 8〉

𝑥 + 6 = −2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 + 7 = 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = 8
𝑥 = −8 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = −3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧=8



⃗ = 〈−8, −3, 8〉 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑃(−6, −7, 0)
𝑢
⃗ = 〈−2, 4, 8〉 𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝑢



(1.2)

𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑢
⃗ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑃(−6, −7, 0) 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡
⃗ 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑣 = 〈−1, 2, 4〉.
𝑢



𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢
⃗ 𝑏𝑒 𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)
⃗ = 〈𝑥 − (−6), 𝑦 − (−7), 𝑧 − 0〉
𝑢
⃗ = 〈𝑥 + 6, 𝑦 + 7, 𝑧〉
𝑢

,𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑢
⃗ 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑣 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑢
⃗ = 𝑘𝑣 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑘 < 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟.
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑘 = −2
𝑢
⃗ = −2𝑣
〈𝑥 + 6, 𝑦 + 7, 𝑧〉 = −2〈−1, 2, 4〉
〈𝑥 + 6, 𝑦 + 7, 𝑧〉 = 〈2, −4, −8〉

𝑥 + 6 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 + 7 = −4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = −8
𝑥 = −4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = −11 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧 = −8



⃗ = 〈−4, −11, −8〉 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝑃(−6, −7, 0)
𝑢
⃗ = 〈2, −4, −8〉 𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝑢



Question 2



⃗ = 〈3, −1, −2〉,
𝑢 𝑣 = 〈−1, 0, 2〉 , ⃗⃗ = 〈−6, 1, 4〉
𝑤



(2.1)



⃗⃗ = 〈3, −1, −2〉 + 3〈−6, 1, 4〉
𝑣 + 3𝑤
⃗⃗ = 〈3, −1, −2〉 + 〈−18, 3, 12〉
𝑣 + 3𝑤
⃗⃗ = 〈3 − 18, −1 + 3, −2 + 12〉
𝑣 + 3𝑤
⃗⃗ = 〈−15, 2, 10〉
𝑣 + 3𝑤



(2.2)



3𝑢
⃗ − 2𝑣 = 3〈3, −1, −2〉 − 2〈−1, 0, 2〉
⃗ − 2𝑣 = 〈9, −3, −6〉 − 〈−2, 0, 4〉
3𝑢
⃗ − 2𝑣 = 〈9 + 2, −3 − 0, −6 − 4〉
3𝑢
⃗ − 2𝑣 = 〈11, −3, −10〉
3𝑢

, (2.3)

⃗ ) = −(〈−1, 0, 2〉 + 3〈3, −1, −2〉)
−(𝑣 + 3𝑢
⃗ ) = −(〈−1, 0, 2〉 + 〈9, −3, −6〉)
−(𝑣 + 3𝑢
⃗ ) = −(〈−1 + 9, 0 − 3, 2 − 6〉)
−(𝑣 + 3𝑢
⃗ ) = −(〈8, −3, −4〉)
−(𝑣 + 3𝑢
⃗ ) = 〈−8, 3, 4〉
−(𝑣 + 3𝑢



Question 3



(3.1)

𝐴(1, 3), 𝐵(−3, 5), 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = 2𝐴
𝐴(1, 3), 𝐵(−3, 5), 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = 2(1, 3)
𝐴(1, 3), 𝐵(−3, 5), 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = (2, 6)


𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑛 2𝐷, 𝑠𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑧 − 𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒 0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡

𝐴(1, 3, 0), 𝐵(−3, 5, 0), 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = (2, 6, 0)


⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝐶
𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 〈−3 − 1, 5 − 3, 0 − 0〉
𝐴𝐵
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 〈−4, 2, 0〉
𝐴𝐵



⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 = 〈2 − 1, 6 − 3, 0 − 0〉
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 = 〈1, 3, 0〉


1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 Δ𝐴𝐵𝐶 = × 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 .
2
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 Δ𝐴𝐵𝐶 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝐴𝐶
× ‖𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ‖
2

1 𝒊 𝒋 𝒌
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 Δ𝐴𝐵𝐶 = × ‖det [−4 2 0]‖
2
1 3 0
1 2 0 −4 0 −4 2
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 Δ𝐴𝐵𝐶 = × ‖+𝒊 | | −𝒋| | + 𝒌| |‖
2 3 0 1 0 1 3
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 Δ𝐴𝐵𝐶 = × ‖+𝒊[2 × 0 − 3 × 0] − 𝒋[−4 × 0 − 1 × 0] + 𝒌[−4 × 3 − 1 × 2]‖
2

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