Galen Pharmacology
Exam 2
(2025-2026)
(Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct
Answers | Verified Answer Guaranteed
Pass | Latest Update (2026-2027) | Already
Graded A+)FIBA Agent Test
,Adrenergic Agonist epinephrine: activates the SNS by increasing BP (alpha1), HR (beta1) and
promotes bronchioldilation (beta2)
SNS response from adrenergic agonists agents that activate adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system
causing
o Dilates pupils, increases intraocular pressure
o Dilates bronchioles
o Increases heart rate and strength of contractions
o Constricts blood vessels and increases BP
o Reduces GI secretions and motility
o Relaxes bladder and decreases urination
o Decreases contractions and relaxes the uterus
o Increases glycosis (glucose release) and blood glucose
Indications for epinephrine o Asthma and bronchospasm
o Allergic reaction, anaphylaxis
o Severe hypotension, cardiac arrest
o Nasal congestion
Side effects-epinephrine Anorexia, nausea, restlessness, insomnia, hyperglycemia, headaches, sweating,
dizziness, agitation and anxiety
adverse reactions-epinephrine Palpitations, tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, dyspnea, hyperglycemia,
hypertension, necrosis at IV site
Contraindications-epinephrine pregnant women, cardiac disease, diabetes, older adults. Closed angle glaucoma
Nursing interventions-epinephrine -Monitor vital signs at baseline and after administration. -Monitor Blood glucose
levels
-monitor EKG
-ensure Pt knows how to use pen and demonstrates, check contents of pen, no pink
or brown
-Pt should not be using epipen frequently
-use at first sign of s/s of allergic reaction
-have pen with them all the time, not to store in extreme cold of hot temps
-go to ER after having to use it
-hold pen in skin for 5-10 seconds after auto injector goes off
-massage injection site
Interactions of epinephrine o MAOIs
o Tricyclic antidepressants
o Beta blockers
o Digoxin
o Lab- increased blood sugar
Beta 2 adrenergic Agonist Albuterol -which relaxes smooth muscles which promotes bronchodilation
indications for Albuterol o Bronchospasms
o Asthma
o Bronchitis
o COPD
, side effects of albuterol o Tremors
o Nervousness
o Restlessness
o Insomnia
o GI upset
o Sweating
-agitation
-anxiety
-drowsiness
adverse reactions of albuterol o HTN
o Tachycardia
o Palpitations
o Hyperglycemia
-cardiac dyrhthymias
Contraindications of albuterol Monitor allergies for milk protein hypersensitivity, contraindicated with cardiac
disease, hypertension, diabetes, older adult, seizure disorders, renal dysfunction
nursing interventions albuterol -can raise BCG
-dont give with other SNS agonists
-get baseline BCG, Bp and HR
-resp. assessment-no more wheezing? RR decreasing?
-pt knows how to use MDI
-urine output can be decreased
-avoid cold medicine at same time
-Nasal sprays-only use for short time
Adrenergic antagonists class o Block Alpha 1 and beta 1 receptor sites
o Prazosin blocks apha 1
-All these drugs in this class end in “sin”
- Work mainly on blood vessels
o Atenolol blocks beta 1
-Drugs in this class end in “olol”
- Work on heart and vessels
Beta blockers atenolol, metoprolol
action-Beta 1 blocker decreasing the movement of epinephrine, suppressing
the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
-In turn relaxed blood vessels
Indications for beta blockers o Antihypertensives
o Angina
o Heart failure
o Dysrhythmias
side effects of atenolol (beta blockers) o Drowsiness
o Dizziness
o Headaches
o Depression
o Decreased libido
-weakness
-cool extremities
adverse reactions of atenolol o Orthostatic hypotension
o Bradycardia
o Hypotension
o Masking of hypoglycemia
-heart failure
-dyspnea
Contraindications for atenolol o Heart block
o Bradycardia
o Asthma (bronchospasm)
o Pregnancy
Exam 2
(2025-2026)
(Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct
Answers | Verified Answer Guaranteed
Pass | Latest Update (2026-2027) | Already
Graded A+)FIBA Agent Test
,Adrenergic Agonist epinephrine: activates the SNS by increasing BP (alpha1), HR (beta1) and
promotes bronchioldilation (beta2)
SNS response from adrenergic agonists agents that activate adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system
causing
o Dilates pupils, increases intraocular pressure
o Dilates bronchioles
o Increases heart rate and strength of contractions
o Constricts blood vessels and increases BP
o Reduces GI secretions and motility
o Relaxes bladder and decreases urination
o Decreases contractions and relaxes the uterus
o Increases glycosis (glucose release) and blood glucose
Indications for epinephrine o Asthma and bronchospasm
o Allergic reaction, anaphylaxis
o Severe hypotension, cardiac arrest
o Nasal congestion
Side effects-epinephrine Anorexia, nausea, restlessness, insomnia, hyperglycemia, headaches, sweating,
dizziness, agitation and anxiety
adverse reactions-epinephrine Palpitations, tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, dyspnea, hyperglycemia,
hypertension, necrosis at IV site
Contraindications-epinephrine pregnant women, cardiac disease, diabetes, older adults. Closed angle glaucoma
Nursing interventions-epinephrine -Monitor vital signs at baseline and after administration. -Monitor Blood glucose
levels
-monitor EKG
-ensure Pt knows how to use pen and demonstrates, check contents of pen, no pink
or brown
-Pt should not be using epipen frequently
-use at first sign of s/s of allergic reaction
-have pen with them all the time, not to store in extreme cold of hot temps
-go to ER after having to use it
-hold pen in skin for 5-10 seconds after auto injector goes off
-massage injection site
Interactions of epinephrine o MAOIs
o Tricyclic antidepressants
o Beta blockers
o Digoxin
o Lab- increased blood sugar
Beta 2 adrenergic Agonist Albuterol -which relaxes smooth muscles which promotes bronchodilation
indications for Albuterol o Bronchospasms
o Asthma
o Bronchitis
o COPD
, side effects of albuterol o Tremors
o Nervousness
o Restlessness
o Insomnia
o GI upset
o Sweating
-agitation
-anxiety
-drowsiness
adverse reactions of albuterol o HTN
o Tachycardia
o Palpitations
o Hyperglycemia
-cardiac dyrhthymias
Contraindications of albuterol Monitor allergies for milk protein hypersensitivity, contraindicated with cardiac
disease, hypertension, diabetes, older adult, seizure disorders, renal dysfunction
nursing interventions albuterol -can raise BCG
-dont give with other SNS agonists
-get baseline BCG, Bp and HR
-resp. assessment-no more wheezing? RR decreasing?
-pt knows how to use MDI
-urine output can be decreased
-avoid cold medicine at same time
-Nasal sprays-only use for short time
Adrenergic antagonists class o Block Alpha 1 and beta 1 receptor sites
o Prazosin blocks apha 1
-All these drugs in this class end in “sin”
- Work mainly on blood vessels
o Atenolol blocks beta 1
-Drugs in this class end in “olol”
- Work on heart and vessels
Beta blockers atenolol, metoprolol
action-Beta 1 blocker decreasing the movement of epinephrine, suppressing
the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
-In turn relaxed blood vessels
Indications for beta blockers o Antihypertensives
o Angina
o Heart failure
o Dysrhythmias
side effects of atenolol (beta blockers) o Drowsiness
o Dizziness
o Headaches
o Depression
o Decreased libido
-weakness
-cool extremities
adverse reactions of atenolol o Orthostatic hypotension
o Bradycardia
o Hypotension
o Masking of hypoglycemia
-heart failure
-dyspnea
Contraindications for atenolol o Heart block
o Bradycardia
o Asthma (bronchospasm)
o Pregnancy
