NR 507 / NR507 Advanced
Pathophysiology Final Exam | 100%
Verified Questions & Answers |
Latest Update -
Chamberlain
Question:
Hypothyroidism
Answer:
- Most common disorder of thyroid function.
- More common in women and elderly.
- Affects 0.1-2% of US population.
Question:
Hormone replacement therapy with ___________ is the treatment of
choice for hypothyroidism.
Answer:
Levothyroxine
,Question:
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Answer:
- Signaled by thyroid-releasing hormone via the hypothalamus.
- Released from the anterior pituitary gland; causes stimulation of the
thyroid, resulting in release of T3 and T4.
- Small changes are early indicators of disease & can be seen before a
patient is symptomatic.
- High TSH w/ hypothyroidism & low TSH w/ hyperthyroidism.
Question:
Grave's Disease/Hyperthyroidism- Ophthalmopathy
Answer:
Two categories:
1) Functional abnormalities resulting from hyperactivity of the sympathetic
division of the autonomic nervous system (lag of the globe on upward gaze
or lag of the upper lid on downward gaze).
2) Infiltrative changes involving the orbital contents with enlargement of
the ocular muscles. Affect >50% of Grave's patients. Increased secretion
of hyaluronic acid, adipogenesis, inflammation, and edema of the orbital
contents result in exophthalmus, periorbital edema, and extraocular muscle
weakness leading to strabismus and diplopia (double vision).
,Question:
The two most distinguishing factors of Grave's disease is:
Answer:
- Pretibial myxedema: thick, scaly plaques and swelling in the lower legs;
skin can take on a waxy, discolored appearance.
- Exophthalmos: protrusion of the eyeballs.
Question:
Grave's Disease/Hyperthyroidism- Treatment
Answer:
- Directed at controlling excessive thyroid hormone production, secretion,
or action.
- Includes antithyroid drug therapy (methimazole, propylthiouracil),
radioactive iodine therapy, and surgery.
- Goal of radioactive iodine ablation is to destroy overactive thyroid tissue.
, Question:
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Answer:
- Autoimmune process
- Environmental and genetic factors trigger cell-mediated responses that
destroy pancreatic beta cells.
- Environmental factors: viral infections (enteroviruses, coxsackievirus), H.
pylori, exposure to cow's milk proteins, lack of vitamin D.
Question:
The diagnostic criteria for Diabetes Mellitus according to the American
Diabetes Association is:
Answer:
Hemoglobin A1C greater than or equal to 6.5%
Question:
Actions of Insulin
Answer:
- Promotes glucose uptake mostly in the liver, muscle and adipose tissue.
Pathophysiology Final Exam | 100%
Verified Questions & Answers |
Latest Update -
Chamberlain
Question:
Hypothyroidism
Answer:
- Most common disorder of thyroid function.
- More common in women and elderly.
- Affects 0.1-2% of US population.
Question:
Hormone replacement therapy with ___________ is the treatment of
choice for hypothyroidism.
Answer:
Levothyroxine
,Question:
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Answer:
- Signaled by thyroid-releasing hormone via the hypothalamus.
- Released from the anterior pituitary gland; causes stimulation of the
thyroid, resulting in release of T3 and T4.
- Small changes are early indicators of disease & can be seen before a
patient is symptomatic.
- High TSH w/ hypothyroidism & low TSH w/ hyperthyroidism.
Question:
Grave's Disease/Hyperthyroidism- Ophthalmopathy
Answer:
Two categories:
1) Functional abnormalities resulting from hyperactivity of the sympathetic
division of the autonomic nervous system (lag of the globe on upward gaze
or lag of the upper lid on downward gaze).
2) Infiltrative changes involving the orbital contents with enlargement of
the ocular muscles. Affect >50% of Grave's patients. Increased secretion
of hyaluronic acid, adipogenesis, inflammation, and edema of the orbital
contents result in exophthalmus, periorbital edema, and extraocular muscle
weakness leading to strabismus and diplopia (double vision).
,Question:
The two most distinguishing factors of Grave's disease is:
Answer:
- Pretibial myxedema: thick, scaly plaques and swelling in the lower legs;
skin can take on a waxy, discolored appearance.
- Exophthalmos: protrusion of the eyeballs.
Question:
Grave's Disease/Hyperthyroidism- Treatment
Answer:
- Directed at controlling excessive thyroid hormone production, secretion,
or action.
- Includes antithyroid drug therapy (methimazole, propylthiouracil),
radioactive iodine therapy, and surgery.
- Goal of radioactive iodine ablation is to destroy overactive thyroid tissue.
, Question:
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Answer:
- Autoimmune process
- Environmental and genetic factors trigger cell-mediated responses that
destroy pancreatic beta cells.
- Environmental factors: viral infections (enteroviruses, coxsackievirus), H.
pylori, exposure to cow's milk proteins, lack of vitamin D.
Question:
The diagnostic criteria for Diabetes Mellitus according to the American
Diabetes Association is:
Answer:
Hemoglobin A1C greater than or equal to 6.5%
Question:
Actions of Insulin
Answer:
- Promotes glucose uptake mostly in the liver, muscle and adipose tissue.
