2026 LCDC CORRECT FINALS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Define Summarizing - ✔✔Tying together of the main points, themes, and issues
presented by clients during part or all of a session.
✔✔Define Empathy - ✔✔The ability to perceive another person's experience and
communicate that perception back to the person.
✔✔Define Concreteness - ✔✔Process by which the counselor relates the vague
aspects of the client in direct expression of feelings and experiences in specific concrete
terms to assist the client to develop more functional coping skills.
✔✔Define Paraphrasing - ✔✔Includes therapeutic qualities of empathy and warmth.
Paraphrasing refers to a counselor's verbal response that rephrases the essence of the
client's message. It allows the client to hear what he or she has just said, either in
parroted form or with added clarity. The interactive process can increase trust and can
reduce resistance.
✔✔Define Reflecting - ✔✔Occurs when the counselor restates content that had
generated emotion from the client--it is a reflection of feeling. Reflection of feeling
captures and expresses to the client the core of what he or she is feeling. It allows the
client to be aware of his or her own expressed emotions and how the counselor
understood his or her emotional message. The counselor should be careful not to
interpret the client's feelings. The counselor remains neutral and nonjudgmental by not
offering opinions, judgments, or advice.
✔✔Define Simplifying - ✔✔Involves the reflection and restatement of what the client
said. It removes confusion, avoids intellectualizations, and convoluted explanations, and
can help the client stay focused on concerns, feelings, and problems in the here and
now.
, ✔✔Define Attending - ✔✔Refers to ways in which the clinician demonstrates that
she/he is listening to the client through the use of cues
✔✔Define Probing - ✔✔Involves asking open-ended questions to clarify information and
to help the client toward a new understand.
✔✔Define Re-framing - ✔✔Consists of offering a different perspective on a situation the
client is facing.
✔✔Define Exploring Alternatives - ✔✔Working with the client to examine various
options
✔✔Define Self-disclosure - ✔✔When the clinician shares something about him/herself
for the benefit of the client.
✔✔Define Confrontation - ✔✔Involves the use of a statement or question to raise some
discrepancy within the client
✔✔Define Immediacy - ✔✔Consists of dealing openly with issues that are present in the
clinical relationship.
✔✔Name the Routes of Administration for Substances - ✔✔Oral, Injection, Inhalation,
Transdermal, Buccal Administration (mucous membranes in the mouth), Rectum
✔✔The Controlled Substances Act created how many Schedules of drugs? - ✔✔5
Schedules (I through V)
✔✔Describe Schedule I Drugs - ✔✔Any drug included here has a high level of
abuse/dependence. Also, there is no accepted medical use. (Examples: Heroin, LSD
and Marijuana)
✔✔Describe Schedule II Drugs - ✔✔These drugs are essentially similar to those in
Schedule I. There is evidence of the potential for abuse/dependence. The distinguishing
feature in Schedule II is that there is accepted medical use. There are restrictions on
manufacture and distribution via production quotas and import/export controls.
Prescriptions are non-refillable. (Examples: Methadone, Morphine, Methamphetamine,
Ritalin, Adderall and Cocaine)
✔✔Describe Schedule III Drugs - ✔✔Drugs in this category are considered to be at
moderate risk or low risk for physical dependence but at high risk for psychological
dependence. There are currently reasons for medical use. (Examples: Anabolic
steroids, most barbiturates, and ketamine)
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Define Summarizing - ✔✔Tying together of the main points, themes, and issues
presented by clients during part or all of a session.
✔✔Define Empathy - ✔✔The ability to perceive another person's experience and
communicate that perception back to the person.
✔✔Define Concreteness - ✔✔Process by which the counselor relates the vague
aspects of the client in direct expression of feelings and experiences in specific concrete
terms to assist the client to develop more functional coping skills.
✔✔Define Paraphrasing - ✔✔Includes therapeutic qualities of empathy and warmth.
Paraphrasing refers to a counselor's verbal response that rephrases the essence of the
client's message. It allows the client to hear what he or she has just said, either in
parroted form or with added clarity. The interactive process can increase trust and can
reduce resistance.
✔✔Define Reflecting - ✔✔Occurs when the counselor restates content that had
generated emotion from the client--it is a reflection of feeling. Reflection of feeling
captures and expresses to the client the core of what he or she is feeling. It allows the
client to be aware of his or her own expressed emotions and how the counselor
understood his or her emotional message. The counselor should be careful not to
interpret the client's feelings. The counselor remains neutral and nonjudgmental by not
offering opinions, judgments, or advice.
✔✔Define Simplifying - ✔✔Involves the reflection and restatement of what the client
said. It removes confusion, avoids intellectualizations, and convoluted explanations, and
can help the client stay focused on concerns, feelings, and problems in the here and
now.
, ✔✔Define Attending - ✔✔Refers to ways in which the clinician demonstrates that
she/he is listening to the client through the use of cues
✔✔Define Probing - ✔✔Involves asking open-ended questions to clarify information and
to help the client toward a new understand.
✔✔Define Re-framing - ✔✔Consists of offering a different perspective on a situation the
client is facing.
✔✔Define Exploring Alternatives - ✔✔Working with the client to examine various
options
✔✔Define Self-disclosure - ✔✔When the clinician shares something about him/herself
for the benefit of the client.
✔✔Define Confrontation - ✔✔Involves the use of a statement or question to raise some
discrepancy within the client
✔✔Define Immediacy - ✔✔Consists of dealing openly with issues that are present in the
clinical relationship.
✔✔Name the Routes of Administration for Substances - ✔✔Oral, Injection, Inhalation,
Transdermal, Buccal Administration (mucous membranes in the mouth), Rectum
✔✔The Controlled Substances Act created how many Schedules of drugs? - ✔✔5
Schedules (I through V)
✔✔Describe Schedule I Drugs - ✔✔Any drug included here has a high level of
abuse/dependence. Also, there is no accepted medical use. (Examples: Heroin, LSD
and Marijuana)
✔✔Describe Schedule II Drugs - ✔✔These drugs are essentially similar to those in
Schedule I. There is evidence of the potential for abuse/dependence. The distinguishing
feature in Schedule II is that there is accepted medical use. There are restrictions on
manufacture and distribution via production quotas and import/export controls.
Prescriptions are non-refillable. (Examples: Methadone, Morphine, Methamphetamine,
Ritalin, Adderall and Cocaine)
✔✔Describe Schedule III Drugs - ✔✔Drugs in this category are considered to be at
moderate risk or low risk for physical dependence but at high risk for psychological
dependence. There are currently reasons for medical use. (Examples: Anabolic
steroids, most barbiturates, and ketamine)
