University Psychology
2 MAXE · 101 HCYSP
ψ
Department
College of Arts & Sciences
UNIVERSITY
LUX ET VERITAS
Psych 101 exam 2
STAT E S O F CO N S C I O US N E SS , S E N S AT I O N & P E R C E PT I O N
INSTITUTION [UNVERIFIED] University PROGRAM Undergraduate — Introduction to
Psychology Department Psychology
COURSE CODE PSYCH 101 COURSE TITLE Introduction to Psychology
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE Psych 101 exam 2
TOTAL QUESTIONS 67 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise instructed.
▸ States of consciousness, sleep disorders, sensation, perception, and psychoactive drugs are all testable
content.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for study purposes.
▸ All content is derived from Psychology 101 course materials.
, SECTION I — CONSCIOUSNESS, SLEEP, SENSATION &
Questions 1 – 67
PERCEPTION
1. Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) _________ rhythm.
A. Suprachiasmatic
B. Heterostatic
C. Lucid
D. Biological
CORRECT ANSWER D — Biological
RATIONALE Biological rhythms are periodic physiological fluctuations — hunger follows a
roughly 24-hour pattern controlled by internal biological clocks. The
suprachiasmatic nucleus (A) is the brain structure regulating these rhythms, not
the rhythm type itself.
2. Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind.
Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same effect. This is an
example of ________.
A. Psychological dependence
B. Tolerance
C. Physical dependence
D. Withdrawal
CORRECT ANSWER B — Tolerance
RATIONALE Tolerance occurs when increasing amounts of a drug are needed to achieve the
same effect, as the body adapts to its presence. Psychological dependence (A) is
emotional craving. Physical dependence (C) involves withdrawal symptoms when
use stops.
,3. In Freud's model of dreams, the hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________
content.
A. Manifest
B. Ego-driven
C. Preconscious
D. Latent
CORRECT ANSWER D — Latent
RATIONALE Freud distinguished manifest content (the surface story of the dream) from latent
content (the hidden, unconscious meaning). The latent content represents
disguised wish fulfillment. Manifest content (A) is what the dreamer actually
recalls.
4. Stage 1 sleep is characterized by a predominance of ________ wave activity in the brain.
A. Delta
B. Alpha
C. Kappa
D. Beta
CORRECT ANSWER B — Alpha
RATIONALE Stage 1 NREM sleep is the transition from wakefulness to sleep, characterized by
alpha waves (8-12 Hz) giving way to theta waves. Delta waves (A) dominate deep
stage 3 sleep. Beta waves (D) characterize alert wakefulness.
, 5. Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles
are aligned with the outside world.
A. Diurnal
B. External
C. Melatonin
D. Circadian
CORRECT ANSWER D — Circadian
RATIONALE Circadian rhythms are approximately 24-hour biological cycles regulated by the
suprachiasmatic nucleus, synchronized to light-dark cycles. Diurnal (A) describes
daytime activity but is not the cycle itself. Melatonin (C) is the hormone involved
in sleep regulation.
6. Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a
biological system?
A. Homeostasis
B. Insomnia
C. Melatonin
D. Rhythm
CORRECT ANSWER A — Homeostasis
RATIONALE Homeostasis is the body's tendency to maintain a stable internal equilibrium
through physiological processes. It regulates temperature, hydration, and sleep-
wake balance. Insomnia (B) is a sleep disorder. Melatonin (C) is a sleep hormone.
2 MAXE · 101 HCYSP
ψ
Department
College of Arts & Sciences
UNIVERSITY
LUX ET VERITAS
Psych 101 exam 2
STAT E S O F CO N S C I O US N E SS , S E N S AT I O N & P E R C E PT I O N
INSTITUTION [UNVERIFIED] University PROGRAM Undergraduate — Introduction to
Psychology Department Psychology
COURSE CODE PSYCH 101 COURSE TITLE Introduction to Psychology
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE Psych 101 exam 2
TOTAL QUESTIONS 67 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise instructed.
▸ States of consciousness, sleep disorders, sensation, perception, and psychoactive drugs are all testable
content.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question for study purposes.
▸ All content is derived from Psychology 101 course materials.
, SECTION I — CONSCIOUSNESS, SLEEP, SENSATION &
Questions 1 – 67
PERCEPTION
1. Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) _________ rhythm.
A. Suprachiasmatic
B. Heterostatic
C. Lucid
D. Biological
CORRECT ANSWER D — Biological
RATIONALE Biological rhythms are periodic physiological fluctuations — hunger follows a
roughly 24-hour pattern controlled by internal biological clocks. The
suprachiasmatic nucleus (A) is the brain structure regulating these rhythms, not
the rhythm type itself.
2. Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind.
Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same effect. This is an
example of ________.
A. Psychological dependence
B. Tolerance
C. Physical dependence
D. Withdrawal
CORRECT ANSWER B — Tolerance
RATIONALE Tolerance occurs when increasing amounts of a drug are needed to achieve the
same effect, as the body adapts to its presence. Psychological dependence (A) is
emotional craving. Physical dependence (C) involves withdrawal symptoms when
use stops.
,3. In Freud's model of dreams, the hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________
content.
A. Manifest
B. Ego-driven
C. Preconscious
D. Latent
CORRECT ANSWER D — Latent
RATIONALE Freud distinguished manifest content (the surface story of the dream) from latent
content (the hidden, unconscious meaning). The latent content represents
disguised wish fulfillment. Manifest content (A) is what the dreamer actually
recalls.
4. Stage 1 sleep is characterized by a predominance of ________ wave activity in the brain.
A. Delta
B. Alpha
C. Kappa
D. Beta
CORRECT ANSWER B — Alpha
RATIONALE Stage 1 NREM sleep is the transition from wakefulness to sleep, characterized by
alpha waves (8-12 Hz) giving way to theta waves. Delta waves (A) dominate deep
stage 3 sleep. Beta waves (D) characterize alert wakefulness.
, 5. Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles
are aligned with the outside world.
A. Diurnal
B. External
C. Melatonin
D. Circadian
CORRECT ANSWER D — Circadian
RATIONALE Circadian rhythms are approximately 24-hour biological cycles regulated by the
suprachiasmatic nucleus, synchronized to light-dark cycles. Diurnal (A) describes
daytime activity but is not the cycle itself. Melatonin (C) is the hormone involved
in sleep regulation.
6. Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a
biological system?
A. Homeostasis
B. Insomnia
C. Melatonin
D. Rhythm
CORRECT ANSWER A — Homeostasis
RATIONALE Homeostasis is the body's tendency to maintain a stable internal equilibrium
through physiological processes. It regulates temperature, hydration, and sleep-
wake balance. Insomnia (B) is a sleep disorder. Melatonin (C) is a sleep hormone.
