NURS 328: Nursing researchComplete Study
Questions and Answers/ Verified & Updated
Research - Correct Answer systematic inquiry that uses structured methods to answer
questions and solve problems
Nursing Research - Correct Answer systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy
evidence about issues of importance to nurses and their clients
Clinical Nursing Research - Correct Answer Research designed to guide nursing
practice. Typically begins with questions that are raised in day- to- day clinical practice-
problems that you may have already encountered.
evidence-based practice - Correct Answer The use of the best evidence in making
patient care decisions. Such evidence typically comes from research conducted by
nurses and other health care professionals.
consumers of nursing research - Correct Answer nurses who read research report to
keep up to date on findings that may effect their practice.
producers of nursing research - Correct Answer nurses who actively design and
undertake studies
translational research - Correct Answer research on how findings from studies can best
be translated into practice
clinical significance - Correct Answer The practical importance of research results in
terms of whether they have genuine, palpable effects on the daily lives of patients or on
health care decisions made on their behalf
benchmarking data - Correct Answer provides information on such issues as the rates
of using various procedures or rates of clinical problems
quality improvement - Correct Answer systematic efforts to improve practices and
processes within a specific organization or patient groups. ie. medication error reports.
Can be used to assess practices and determine the need for practice changes.
Paradigm - Correct Answer a worldview, a general perspective to explain the world's
complexities. A way of looking at natural phenomena that encompasses a set of
philosophical assumptions and that guides one's approach to inquiry.
assumption - Correct Answer A principle that is believed to be true without solid proof
determinism - Correct Answer refers to the positives' belief that phenomena do not
happen by chance but they are controlled and produced by antecedent causes
,positivist paradigm - Correct Answer research activity often aimed at understanding the
underlying causes of natural phenomena. Closely related to quantitative research.
probabilistic evidence - Correct Answer learning what the true state of a phenomenon
probably is.
constructivist paradigm - Correct Answer An alternative paradigm (also called
naturalistic paradigm) to the positivist paradigm that holds that there are multiple
interpretations of reality, and that the goal of research is to understand how individuals
construct reality within their context; associated with qualitative research.
Research Methods - Correct Answer The techniques researchers use to design a study
and to gather and analyse relevant information
Scientific Method - Correct Answer Involves using a set of orderly procedures to acquire
Empirical evidence - Correct Answer evidence that is rooted in objective reality and
gathered directly or indirectly through the senses rather than through personal beliefs or
hunches
Generalizability - Correct Answer the degree to which the research methods justify the
inference that the findings are true for a broader group than study participants; in
particular, the inference that the findings can be generalized from the sample to the
population.
constructivist traditions - Correct Answer emphasize the inherent complexity of humans,
their ability to shape and "construct" their own experiences, and the idea that truth is a
collection of realities.
reductionist - Correct Answer reduces human experience to only the few concepts that
are defined in advance by researchers rather than naturally emerging from the
experiences of those under study
fallibility - Correct Answer the tendency to make mistakes or be wrong
cause probing - Correct Answer studies designed to illuminate the underlying causes of
phenomena
descriptive studies - Correct Answer researchers count, delineate and classify
descriptive research - Correct Answer research that typically has as its main objective
the accurate portrayal of people's characteristics or circumstances and/ or the frequency
with which certain phenomena occur.
,Exploratory Research - Correct Answer Begins with a phenomena of interest; but rather
than simply describing it, researchers examine the nature of the phenomenon, the
manner in which it is manifested, and other factors to which it is related- including
factors to which it is related.
explanatory research - Correct Answer seeks to understand the underlying causes or
full nature of a phenomenon
evidence- based practice - Correct Answer the integration of best research evidence
with clinical expertise and patient values
evidence- based practise - Correct Answer the ongoing process that incorporates
evidence from research, clinical expertise, client preferences and other available
resources to make nursing decisions about clients. Decision making in nursing practise
is influenced by evidence and also by individual values, client choice, theories, clinical
judgement, ethics, legislation, regulation, health- care resources and practice
environments.
Key ingredient of evidence based practice - Correct Answer the effort to personalize
"best evidence" to a specific patient's needs within a particular clinical context.
Basic feature of EBP - Correct Answer it de- emphasizes decisions based on custom,
authority, or ritual
Emphasis of EBP - Correct Answer identifying the best available research evidence and
integrating it with other factors in making clinical decisions
Research utilization - Correct Answer the use of findings from studies in a practical
application that is unrelated to the original research
emphasis of research utilization - Correct Answer translating new knowledge into real
world applications
A keystone of the EBP movement in health care fields was - Correct Answer cochrane
collaboration founded in the UK
Cochrane Collaboration - Correct Answer its aim is to help providers make good health
care decisions by preparing and disseminating systematic reviews of the effects of
health care interventions
knowledge translation - Correct Answer A term that is often associated with efforts to
enhance systematic change in clinical practice. It is a dynamic and iterative process that
includes synthesis, dissemination, exchange and ethically- sound application of
knowledge and strengthen the health care system.
, randomized controlled trial - Correct Answer A full experimental test of an intervention,
involving random assignment to treatment groups, is phase 3 of a full clinical trial
evidence hierarchies - Correct Answer rank evidence sources according to the strength
of the evidence they provide
systematic reviews - Correct Answer a rigorous synthesis of research findings on a
particular research question, using systematic sampling and data collection procedures
and a formal protocol.
preprocessed - Correct Answer evidence that has been summarized and synthesized
by other reviewers
meta-analysis - Correct Answer a technique for integrating quantitative research
findings statistically. treats the findings from a study as one piece of information. The
findings from multiple studies on the same topic are combined and then all of the
information is analysed statistically in a manner similar to that in a usual study. Provides
an objective method of integrating a body of findings and of observing patterns that
might not have been detected. It is less about reducing information and more about
interpreting it.
clinical practice guidelines - Correct Answer give specific recommendations for
evidence-based decision making
care bundles - Correct Answer encompass a set of interventions to promote patient
safety
major steps of EBP - Correct Answer 1. Ask questions that reflect uncertainties in
clinical practice.
2. Search for and assemble evidence.
3. Appraise and synthesize evidence.
4. Integrate evidence with other sources.
5. Assess effectiveness of decision or advice.
PIO - Correct Answer population/ patients, intervention/ influence/ indicator, outcome
2 components of relevance in qualitative information - Correct Answer population and
situation
PICO - Correct Answer Population
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome
PICOT - Correct Answer Population
Intervention
Questions and Answers/ Verified & Updated
Research - Correct Answer systematic inquiry that uses structured methods to answer
questions and solve problems
Nursing Research - Correct Answer systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy
evidence about issues of importance to nurses and their clients
Clinical Nursing Research - Correct Answer Research designed to guide nursing
practice. Typically begins with questions that are raised in day- to- day clinical practice-
problems that you may have already encountered.
evidence-based practice - Correct Answer The use of the best evidence in making
patient care decisions. Such evidence typically comes from research conducted by
nurses and other health care professionals.
consumers of nursing research - Correct Answer nurses who read research report to
keep up to date on findings that may effect their practice.
producers of nursing research - Correct Answer nurses who actively design and
undertake studies
translational research - Correct Answer research on how findings from studies can best
be translated into practice
clinical significance - Correct Answer The practical importance of research results in
terms of whether they have genuine, palpable effects on the daily lives of patients or on
health care decisions made on their behalf
benchmarking data - Correct Answer provides information on such issues as the rates
of using various procedures or rates of clinical problems
quality improvement - Correct Answer systematic efforts to improve practices and
processes within a specific organization or patient groups. ie. medication error reports.
Can be used to assess practices and determine the need for practice changes.
Paradigm - Correct Answer a worldview, a general perspective to explain the world's
complexities. A way of looking at natural phenomena that encompasses a set of
philosophical assumptions and that guides one's approach to inquiry.
assumption - Correct Answer A principle that is believed to be true without solid proof
determinism - Correct Answer refers to the positives' belief that phenomena do not
happen by chance but they are controlled and produced by antecedent causes
,positivist paradigm - Correct Answer research activity often aimed at understanding the
underlying causes of natural phenomena. Closely related to quantitative research.
probabilistic evidence - Correct Answer learning what the true state of a phenomenon
probably is.
constructivist paradigm - Correct Answer An alternative paradigm (also called
naturalistic paradigm) to the positivist paradigm that holds that there are multiple
interpretations of reality, and that the goal of research is to understand how individuals
construct reality within their context; associated with qualitative research.
Research Methods - Correct Answer The techniques researchers use to design a study
and to gather and analyse relevant information
Scientific Method - Correct Answer Involves using a set of orderly procedures to acquire
Empirical evidence - Correct Answer evidence that is rooted in objective reality and
gathered directly or indirectly through the senses rather than through personal beliefs or
hunches
Generalizability - Correct Answer the degree to which the research methods justify the
inference that the findings are true for a broader group than study participants; in
particular, the inference that the findings can be generalized from the sample to the
population.
constructivist traditions - Correct Answer emphasize the inherent complexity of humans,
their ability to shape and "construct" their own experiences, and the idea that truth is a
collection of realities.
reductionist - Correct Answer reduces human experience to only the few concepts that
are defined in advance by researchers rather than naturally emerging from the
experiences of those under study
fallibility - Correct Answer the tendency to make mistakes or be wrong
cause probing - Correct Answer studies designed to illuminate the underlying causes of
phenomena
descriptive studies - Correct Answer researchers count, delineate and classify
descriptive research - Correct Answer research that typically has as its main objective
the accurate portrayal of people's characteristics or circumstances and/ or the frequency
with which certain phenomena occur.
,Exploratory Research - Correct Answer Begins with a phenomena of interest; but rather
than simply describing it, researchers examine the nature of the phenomenon, the
manner in which it is manifested, and other factors to which it is related- including
factors to which it is related.
explanatory research - Correct Answer seeks to understand the underlying causes or
full nature of a phenomenon
evidence- based practice - Correct Answer the integration of best research evidence
with clinical expertise and patient values
evidence- based practise - Correct Answer the ongoing process that incorporates
evidence from research, clinical expertise, client preferences and other available
resources to make nursing decisions about clients. Decision making in nursing practise
is influenced by evidence and also by individual values, client choice, theories, clinical
judgement, ethics, legislation, regulation, health- care resources and practice
environments.
Key ingredient of evidence based practice - Correct Answer the effort to personalize
"best evidence" to a specific patient's needs within a particular clinical context.
Basic feature of EBP - Correct Answer it de- emphasizes decisions based on custom,
authority, or ritual
Emphasis of EBP - Correct Answer identifying the best available research evidence and
integrating it with other factors in making clinical decisions
Research utilization - Correct Answer the use of findings from studies in a practical
application that is unrelated to the original research
emphasis of research utilization - Correct Answer translating new knowledge into real
world applications
A keystone of the EBP movement in health care fields was - Correct Answer cochrane
collaboration founded in the UK
Cochrane Collaboration - Correct Answer its aim is to help providers make good health
care decisions by preparing and disseminating systematic reviews of the effects of
health care interventions
knowledge translation - Correct Answer A term that is often associated with efforts to
enhance systematic change in clinical practice. It is a dynamic and iterative process that
includes synthesis, dissemination, exchange and ethically- sound application of
knowledge and strengthen the health care system.
, randomized controlled trial - Correct Answer A full experimental test of an intervention,
involving random assignment to treatment groups, is phase 3 of a full clinical trial
evidence hierarchies - Correct Answer rank evidence sources according to the strength
of the evidence they provide
systematic reviews - Correct Answer a rigorous synthesis of research findings on a
particular research question, using systematic sampling and data collection procedures
and a formal protocol.
preprocessed - Correct Answer evidence that has been summarized and synthesized
by other reviewers
meta-analysis - Correct Answer a technique for integrating quantitative research
findings statistically. treats the findings from a study as one piece of information. The
findings from multiple studies on the same topic are combined and then all of the
information is analysed statistically in a manner similar to that in a usual study. Provides
an objective method of integrating a body of findings and of observing patterns that
might not have been detected. It is less about reducing information and more about
interpreting it.
clinical practice guidelines - Correct Answer give specific recommendations for
evidence-based decision making
care bundles - Correct Answer encompass a set of interventions to promote patient
safety
major steps of EBP - Correct Answer 1. Ask questions that reflect uncertainties in
clinical practice.
2. Search for and assemble evidence.
3. Appraise and synthesize evidence.
4. Integrate evidence with other sources.
5. Assess effectiveness of decision or advice.
PIO - Correct Answer population/ patients, intervention/ influence/ indicator, outcome
2 components of relevance in qualitative information - Correct Answer population and
situation
PICO - Correct Answer Population
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome
PICOT - Correct Answer Population
Intervention
