CETa LATEST 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
✔✔Toroid - ✔✔These type of transformer cores concentrate the lines of force
✔✔Autotransformer - ✔✔A single coil with unique winding and selective taps
✔✔Gas Diode - ✔✔Effectively become a short when ignition threshold of gas occurs
between the plate and cathode.
✔✔Klystrons - ✔✔Oscillate by themselves for a short period when cathode is pulsed.
✔✔Magnetron - ✔✔Operate in a frequency range higher than klystrons, and are
capable of much more power. Used by RADAR and microwave ovens.
✔✔Cathode Ray Tube - ✔✔Uses an electron gun to emit electrons in the direction of a
phosphor coated surface such as a TV screen.
✔✔Shottky Diode - ✔✔A metal/metal oxide diode. Performs very well at higher
frequencies, conducts high current and has lower losses than other diode types, Found
in "switching" (DC-DC converter) power supplies.
✔✔Laser Diode - ✔✔Emits a light when turned on. That light is a very small beam, is
very coherent and may be modulated. They are an inexpensive substitute for a true
laser and are used in many printers.
✔✔Tunnel Diode - ✔✔Using special "doping" techniques, these are very unique.
Conduct at different rates and different bias levels. Used in amplification, switching,
oscillators, and other special applications.
✔✔Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) - ✔✔Special type of diode that is designed to conduct in
either direction when a certain reverse bias level is exceeded, and is able to dissipated
an extreme amount of energy. Totally destruct when their maximum energy level is
reached, thus protecting circuits to the maximum. Are not polarity sensitive and are the
basis of the best surge suppressors.
✔✔Varactor - ✔✔Semiconductor with capacitive qualities. Capacitance can vary as the
applied reverse bias voltage changes.
✔✔Diac - ✔✔Two zeners connected in reverse in parallel. Used in an AC environment
to turn on, or avalanche, when the design maximum bias is exceeded.
, ✔✔Triac - ✔✔Appears as two diodes of opposite polarity, parallel to each other and
containing a gate like the SCR. Gate might be activated by a digital electronic signal or
a mechanical switch to act as an ON/OFF switch.
✔✔Thermacouple - ✔✔Junction between two different metals that produces a voltage
related to a temperature difference. Widely used type of temperature sensor for
measurement and control and can also be used to convert heat into electric power.
Output varies, but is most often less than 100 microvolts per degree of temperature
change.
✔✔Balun - ✔✔Type of transformer that couples an unbalanced transmission line to a
balanced line.
✔✔SCR/Thyristor - ✔✔Four layers of N and P material. With gate positive, turns on and
current flow takes place. Can only be turned off by removing anode potential. used as
high speed switches, can rectify controlled amounts of AC power.
✔✔Direct, capacitor, transformer - ✔✔Three types of coupling used in cascading
amplifiers are:
✔✔0-0.6 Volts - ✔✔A TTL device is a logic zero when voltage is between:
✔✔2-5 Volts - ✔✔A TTL device is a logic one when voltage is between:
✔✔3.5-5 Volts - ✔✔A CMOS device is a logic one when voltage is between:
✔✔0-1.5 Volts - ✔✔A CMOS device is a logic zero when voltage is between:
✔✔Monostable - ✔✔Generates a single pulse (sometimes referred to as a one-shot)
✔✔Bistable - ✔✔Gives a "clean" high or low (sometimes referred to as a latch)
✔✔Astable - ✔✔Produces a series of square pulses sometimes referred to as a free
running or clock)
✔✔maxterm - ✔✔Called the product of the sums, created using zero outputs.
✔✔minterm - ✔✔Called sum of the products, created using ones outputs.
✔✔Television Transmitter - ✔✔Transmits video intelligence by AM modulation and
audio by FM modulation. Band of frequencies for a particular channel of video and
audio is 6 MHz wide.
GRADED A+
✔✔Toroid - ✔✔These type of transformer cores concentrate the lines of force
✔✔Autotransformer - ✔✔A single coil with unique winding and selective taps
✔✔Gas Diode - ✔✔Effectively become a short when ignition threshold of gas occurs
between the plate and cathode.
✔✔Klystrons - ✔✔Oscillate by themselves for a short period when cathode is pulsed.
✔✔Magnetron - ✔✔Operate in a frequency range higher than klystrons, and are
capable of much more power. Used by RADAR and microwave ovens.
✔✔Cathode Ray Tube - ✔✔Uses an electron gun to emit electrons in the direction of a
phosphor coated surface such as a TV screen.
✔✔Shottky Diode - ✔✔A metal/metal oxide diode. Performs very well at higher
frequencies, conducts high current and has lower losses than other diode types, Found
in "switching" (DC-DC converter) power supplies.
✔✔Laser Diode - ✔✔Emits a light when turned on. That light is a very small beam, is
very coherent and may be modulated. They are an inexpensive substitute for a true
laser and are used in many printers.
✔✔Tunnel Diode - ✔✔Using special "doping" techniques, these are very unique.
Conduct at different rates and different bias levels. Used in amplification, switching,
oscillators, and other special applications.
✔✔Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) - ✔✔Special type of diode that is designed to conduct in
either direction when a certain reverse bias level is exceeded, and is able to dissipated
an extreme amount of energy. Totally destruct when their maximum energy level is
reached, thus protecting circuits to the maximum. Are not polarity sensitive and are the
basis of the best surge suppressors.
✔✔Varactor - ✔✔Semiconductor with capacitive qualities. Capacitance can vary as the
applied reverse bias voltage changes.
✔✔Diac - ✔✔Two zeners connected in reverse in parallel. Used in an AC environment
to turn on, or avalanche, when the design maximum bias is exceeded.
, ✔✔Triac - ✔✔Appears as two diodes of opposite polarity, parallel to each other and
containing a gate like the SCR. Gate might be activated by a digital electronic signal or
a mechanical switch to act as an ON/OFF switch.
✔✔Thermacouple - ✔✔Junction between two different metals that produces a voltage
related to a temperature difference. Widely used type of temperature sensor for
measurement and control and can also be used to convert heat into electric power.
Output varies, but is most often less than 100 microvolts per degree of temperature
change.
✔✔Balun - ✔✔Type of transformer that couples an unbalanced transmission line to a
balanced line.
✔✔SCR/Thyristor - ✔✔Four layers of N and P material. With gate positive, turns on and
current flow takes place. Can only be turned off by removing anode potential. used as
high speed switches, can rectify controlled amounts of AC power.
✔✔Direct, capacitor, transformer - ✔✔Three types of coupling used in cascading
amplifiers are:
✔✔0-0.6 Volts - ✔✔A TTL device is a logic zero when voltage is between:
✔✔2-5 Volts - ✔✔A TTL device is a logic one when voltage is between:
✔✔3.5-5 Volts - ✔✔A CMOS device is a logic one when voltage is between:
✔✔0-1.5 Volts - ✔✔A CMOS device is a logic zero when voltage is between:
✔✔Monostable - ✔✔Generates a single pulse (sometimes referred to as a one-shot)
✔✔Bistable - ✔✔Gives a "clean" high or low (sometimes referred to as a latch)
✔✔Astable - ✔✔Produces a series of square pulses sometimes referred to as a free
running or clock)
✔✔maxterm - ✔✔Called the product of the sums, created using zero outputs.
✔✔minterm - ✔✔Called sum of the products, created using ones outputs.
✔✔Television Transmitter - ✔✔Transmits video intelligence by AM modulation and
audio by FM modulation. Band of frequencies for a particular channel of video and
audio is 6 MHz wide.
