HLWB105 multichoice q's and guaranteed answers 100 pass.

Which of the following dimension(s) is/are paramount in understanding African health beliefs? a) Spiritual influences b) Communal orientation c) Both spiritual influences and communal orientation d) Neither spiritual influences nor communal orientation - correct answers C Which of the following form of complementary and alternative medicine involves the use of highly diluted substances to trigger the body's natural healing system? a) Homeopathy b) Herbal medicine c) Reflexology d) Acupuncture - correct answers a Which of the following refers to a treatment that consists of nothing other than a simulation of the active treatment, used a control condition in some studies? a) Simulator b) Placebo c) Dummy d) Palliative - correct answers B Which of the following statements is correct? a) Experiences of discrimination are related to stress that could potentially lead to chronic illnesses b) There are strong associations between racial discrimination and common mental health problems among adults c) There are strong associations between racial discrimination and common mental health problems among children and young people d) All of these - correct answers D Which of the following statements is correct? a) Cultural competence only involves frontline health care staff b) Interventions that aim to improve cultural competence among health care professionals can help to increase knowledge of cultural issues in health care c) There is no significant relationship between cultural competence and clinical health outcomes d) All of these - correct answers B For those who seek help for smoking, guidelines such as those of the Surgeon General can be followed (Fiore, 2008). For smokers who are willing to quit, ____ are a useful framework. a) The 3 K's b) The 7 A's c) The 12 steps d) The 5 A's - correct answers D Ethnocentrism is: a) The study of associations between patterns of disease in populations and environmental, lifestyle and genetic factors b) A model or theory about health and behaviour that emphasises environmental influences c) A bias in perception, thinking or principles stemming from membership of an ethnic or cultural group d) A general representation for conceptualising a research field or question - correct answers C Complete the following definition of health psychology, as described in your textbook: Health Psychology is an ___ field concerned with the application of ____ knowledge and techniques to health, illness and health care. a) Transdisciplinary; physiological b) Psychological; physiological c) Interdisciplinary; social and cultural d) Interdisciplinary; psychological - correct answers D What is the most outer layer of the 'Health Onion' framework? a) Social and community networks b) General socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions c) Water and sanitation d) Lifestyle factors - correct answers B Health is a state of well-being with satisfaction of physical, cultural, psychosocial, _____ and spiritual needs, not simply the absence of illness. a) Economic b) Educational c) Environmental d) Experimental - correct answers A In the hierarchy of needs, the most basic level is defined as _____. a) Safety b) Belonging c) Esteem d) Physiological - correct answers D Who defined happiness as 'the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence'? a) Aristotle b) Diener c) Doyal d) Maslow - correct answers A According to _____, subjective well-being is 'an umbrella term of different valuations that people regarding their lives the events happening to them, their bodies and minds, and the circumstances in which they live'. a) Aristotle b) Diener c) Doyal d) Maslow - correct answers A QoL is an acronym for the phrase _____. a) Quality of living b) Quality of learning c) Quality of life d) Quality of liking - correct answers C A popular term for a person who smokes, eats fatty foods, drinks alcohol and watches TV many hours every day is ____. a) Lucky devil b) Lazy lump c) Couch cowboy d) Couch potato - correct answers D A term used for an environment that is conductive to eating too much and taking too little exercise is _____. a) Obesogenic b) Oboozogenic c) Obeasogenic d) Obusogenic - correct answers A In the health belief model (HBM), the likelihood of a behaviour is influenced by cues to action that are reminders or prompts to act consistent within an intention. These cues to action can be ____. a) Internal and external b) Cognitive and developmental c) Physical and mental d) Both internal and external and physical and mental - correct answers A Which theory was developed by Rogers (1975) to describe coping with a health threat considering two appraisal processes, threat appraisal and coping appraisal? It introduces a most basic human emotion into health protection: fear. a) The Information-Motivation-Behaviour Skills model b) Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behaviour c) The Common Sense Model d) Protection Motivation Theory - correct answers D The Theory of Reasoned Action is based on the assumption that _____. a) Perceived behavioural control influences intentions and behaviour directly b) A person is likely to do what he or she intends to do c) Patients are problem solvers, attempting to make sense of an illness d) The learning of health-related information is a prerequisite to action - correct answers B Multiple studies concur that the TPB, and its many extensions and adaptions, fail to account for ____ of the variability in health behaviour. a) 15% b) More than 20% c) Just over 45% d) 50-60% - correct answers B The Transtheoretical Model (TTM), otherwise known as the 'Stages of Change Model', was developed by Prochaska and DiClemente (1983). The TTM hypothesizes 6 stages of change, which people are alleged to progress through in making a change these are _____. a) Introduction, pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination b) Pre-contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination, relapse c) Introduction, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination or relapse d) Pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination or relapse - correct answers D Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory proposes that _____. a) Learning can occur through observation of models in the absence of any overt information b) Learning of health-related information is a prerequisite to action c) Learning occurs through observation of models who provide overt information d) None of these - correct answers A What aspect of the Social Cognitive Theory is described here: ____ is a person's belief that they have behavioural competence in a particular situation ('I can do it'). ____ is related to whether or not an individual will undertake particular goal-directed activities ('I will do it'), the amount of energy that he or she will put into their effort ('I want to do it') and the length of time that the individual will persist in striving to achieve a particular goal ('I need to do it'). a) Self - motivation b) Self - belief c) Self - efficacy d) Self - esteem - correct answers C Evidence suggests that it is relatively easy to predict self-reported _____, but more difficult to predict _____. a) Intention to act, goal implementation b) Behavior, goal intention c) Behavior, intention to act d) Intention to act, behaviour - correct answers D Socio-cognitive models have been heavily critiqued for aiming at universal application when they neglect: a) Self - efficacy and locus of control b) M - health and technology c) Culture, gender and religion d) Social norms - correct answers C Critics have suggested that individual - level theories and models of social cognition are _____. a) Unfalsifiable b) Flawed c) Tautological d) All of the above - correct answers D _____ people die each year from a water - related disease (2014 figures). a) 1.4 million b) 2.4 million c) 3.4 million d) 4.4 million - correct answers C _____ of the world's population lacks regular access to medical care and most essential drugs. a) 1/10 b) ¼ c) ½ d) ¾ - correct answers C Which of the following does not fall within the ideology of individualism? a) 'each man for himself' b) 'you made your bed, now lie in it' c) 'do or die' d) 'one for all, all for one' - correct answers D _____ people live on less than $1.25 per day - i.e more than one person in every five (2014 figures). a) 0.5 billion b) 0.8 billion c) 1.5 billion d) 2 billion - correct answers C In a study of health gradients in African countries, high _____ among mothers, and access to ____ supplies and _____ are highly associated with low infant mortality. a) Literacy; water; toilets b) Illiteracy; food; wood c) Illiteracy; food; hospitals d) literacy, food, houses - correct answers A