MATH 105 Final Exam Questions And Guaranteed Correct Answers.

1) For the study described below, identify the population. 1500 American women working for large companies were polled to determine the percentage that felt that women were underrepresented in management positions in their company. A)All American women B)The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. C)The 1500 women polled D)All American women working for large companies - correct answers D)All American women working for large companies 2) For the study described below, identify the population parameter. 1500 American women working for large companies were polled to determine the percentage that felt that women were underrepresented in management positions in their company. A)The percentage of women in the sample who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. B)The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. C)The percentage of all American women who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in large companies. D)All American women working for large companies - correct answers B)The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are underrepresented in management positions in their company. 3) Describe how you would apply the five basic steps of a statistical study to the given issue. -You want to know the percentage of college seniors who regret their choice of major. - correct answers Step 1: Population is all college seniors; goal is to determine the percentage of college seniors who regret their choice of major. Step 2: Choose a representative sample Step 3: Determine percentage of seniors within the sample who regret their choice of major Step 4: Infer percentage of all college seniors who regret their choice of major Step 5: Assess results and formulate conclusion 4) For the study described below, identify the sample statistic. 1500 American women working for large companies were polled to determine the percentage that felt that women were under represented in management positions in their company. A) The number of women polled. B) The percentage of women in the sample who feel that women are under represented in management positions in their company. C) The percentage of American women working for large companies who feel that women are under represented in management positions in their company. D) The 1500 women polled - correct answers B) The percentage of women in the sample who feel that women are under represented in management positions in their company. 5) A sample consists of every 20th student who leaves the library. A) Systematic B) Stratified C) Convenience D) Simple random - correct answers A) Systematic 6) Does smoking elevate blood pressure? A) Observational study B) Experiment without blinding C) Experiment with double blinding D) Case-control study E) Experiment with single blinding - correct answers D) Case-control study 7) How do lawyers' salaries compare to doctors' salaries? A) Experiment with single blinding B) Observational study C) Experiment without blinding D) Experiment with double blinding E) Case-control study - correct answers B) Observational study 8) To avoid working late, a quality control analyst simply inspects the first 100 items produced in a day. A) Convenience B) Systematic C) Simple random D) Stratified - correct answers A) Convenience 9) A pollster uses a computer to generate 500 random numbers, then interviews the voters corresponding to those numbers. A) Simple random B) Stratified C) Systematic D) Convenience - correct answers A) Simple random 10) 49 students are selected at random from the Sophomore class, 39 from the Junior class, and 48 from the Senior classes. A) Systematic B) Convenience C) Stratified D) Simple random - correct answers C) Stratified 11) Does an hour of meditation per day lower blood pressure? A) Observational study B) Case-control study C) Experiment with double blinding D) Experiment with single blinding E) Experiment without blinding - correct answers E) Experiment without blinding 12) Does the new medication relieve depression? A) Experiment with single blinding B) Case-control study C) Observational study D) Experiment without blinding E) Experiment with double blinding - correct answers E) Experiment with double blinding 13) A poll conducted the day before the student-body presidential election at a midwestern university showed that 53.0 percent favored Mario, the rest favoring Yin Ling. The margin of error was 5.0 percentage points. Should Yin Ling have conceded the election? A) 48% to 53.0 %; no B) 53.0 % to 58%; yes C) 50.5 % to 55.5 %; yes D) 48% to 58%; no - correct answers D) 48% to 58%; no 14) Does caffeine cause birth defects? A) Experiment with single blinding B) Observational study C) Experiment with double blinding D) Case-control study E) Experiment without blinding - correct answers D) Case-control study 15) Following the Republican National Convention, a poll of voters in a Central Illinois community showed that 58.1% would choose the Republican ticket to win over the Democrat ticket no matter whom the Democrats chose for vice -president. The margin of error was 4.2 percentage points. Should the Democrats expect to lose Central Illinois? A) 56% to 60.2%; yes B) 53.9 % to 62.3 %; yes C) 58.1% to 62.3 %; yes D) 49.7% to 58.1%; no - correct answers B) 53.9% to 62.3%; yes 16) Which of the following describes a study in which neither the participants nor the experimenters know which participants are in the control group? A) Observational study B) Case-control study C) Double-blind experiment D) Single-blind experiment - correct answers C) Double-blind experiment 17) Which of the following describes a study in which the participants naturally form groups by choice? A) Observational study B) Case-control study C) Double-blind experiment D) Single-blind experiment - correct answers B) Case-control study 18) Which of the following describes a study in which the patients do not know whether they are receiving the treatment or the placebo but the experimenters do know? A) Single-blind experiment B) Observational study C) Double -blind experiment D) Case-control study - correct answers A) Single-blind experiment 19) Which of the following describes a study in which the researchers do not attempt to change the characteristics of those being studied? A) Case-control study B) Observational study C) Double -blind experiment D) Single-blind experiment - correct answers B) Observational study 20) Double blinding is used in an experiment to avoid which of the following problems? A) If the researcher knows that the patient received the treatment, the researcher may also experience health changes B) If the patient knows that he received the placebo and not the treatment he may be angry and fail to tell the truth C) If an experimenter knows whether the patient has received the treatment or the placebo, this may influence how he or she questions the patient D) If improvement is observed in a patient, it is difficult to know whether this is due to the treatment or the placebo effect - correct answers C) If an experimenter knows whether the patient has received the treatment or the placebo, this may influence how he or she questions the patient 21) A poll is taken of likely voters the day before the mayoral election in the town of Ingleside. The poll reveals that 54% of voters plan to vote for Anne Sanchez. The margin of error is 3.9 percentage points. Which of the following statements best describes Anne Sanchez's chance of winning? A) She is very likely to win B) It is about 50 -50 C) She is certain to win ' D) She has a 54% chance of winning - correct answers A) She is very likely to win 22) In a study to determine the most popular automobile on the road, which of the following is the most representative sample? A) A random sample of the cars parked at a local high school B) A random sample of the cars parked at an airport C) A random sample of the cars driving on the highway D) A random sample of the cars that drive by your house - correct answers C) A random sample of the cars driving on the highway 23) In a study to determine the average weight of a house cat, which of the following is the most representative sample? A) All of the cats that a pet groomer sees in one week B) All of the cats in your neighborhood C) All of the cats that a veterinarian sees in one week D) Some of the cats in each of several neighborhoods - correct answers D) Some of the cats in each of several neighborhoods 24) A pharmaceutical company conducted a study to test the effectiveness of its new anti-depression medication. 500 adults suffering from depression were selected at random and were randomly assigned to either a treatment group or a placebo group. The experiment was double blind. The results were analyzed by the company. A) Variables are difficult to define/measure B) Confounding variables C) The source of the study D) Selection bias E) The setting may not encourage honest responses - correct answers C) The source of the study 25) A researcher randomly selected 500 college students and asked "How many IQ points would you sacrifice to become better looking?". The following conclusion was published in the student newspaper "Students would sacrifice 18 IQ points to be better looking." A) Selection bias B) The source C) Variables are hard to define/measure D) Confounding variables E) Participation bias - correct answers C) Variables are hard to define/measure 26) A high school principal wanted to know how the teachers at her school felt about early dismissal for Homecoming. She put the names of the 114 faculty in a hat and randomly selected 30 of the names. She gave questionnaires to those 30 people asking whether they agreed or disagreed with the following statement: "Valuable learning time should not be sacrificed for extracurricular social activities." The questionnaires were filled out anonymously. Her conclusion was that 80% of the faculty were opposed to early dismissal for Homecoming. A) The setting may discourage honest responses B) Confounding variables C) The wording of the question D) Participation bias E) Selection bias - correct answers C) The wording of the question 27) A film critic is interested in knowing which is the most popular film of the year amongst Americans. To answer this question, he conducts a telephone poll in the New York metropolitan area and asks each person to name their favorite film of the year. A) Confounding variables B) Setting may not encourage honest responses C) Selection bias D) Participation bias E) Wording of the question - correct answers C) Selection bias 28) A medical researcher randomly selects 500 Japanese people and 500 Americans. She questions the 1000 people. She finds that the Americans work longer hours on average and also that the Americans have a higher rate of heart disease. She concludes that working longer hours is associated with a higher incidence of heart disease. A) Confounding variables B) Selection bias C) The source D) Participation bias E) Variables are hard to define/measure - correct answers A) Confounding variables 29) "38% of adults in the United States regularly visit a doctor". This conclusion was reached by a college student after she had questioned 520 randomly selected members of her college. What is wrong with her survey? A) Confounding variables B) Selection bias C) Wording of question D) Setting may not encourage honest responses E) Participation bias - correct answers B) Selection bias 30) A researcher published this survey result: "74% of people would be willing to spend 10 percent more for energy from a non-polluting source". The survey question was announced on a national radio show and 1200 listeners responded by calling in. A) Participation bias only B) Participation bias and selection bias C) No bias D) Selection bias only - correct answers B) Participation bias and selection bias 31) As voters left various polls across the city, every tenth voter at each polling place was asked who they had chosen to be the next mayor. A) No Bias B) Participation Bias C) Selection Bias D) Participation Bias and Selection Bias - correct answers A) No Bias 32) You are interested in the degree of satisfaction amongst customers at your video store. For one week, you hand a customer